{"id":14513,"date":"2021-04-16T15:47:07","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T08:47:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=14513"},"modified":"2021-04-16T15:47:07","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T08:47:07","slug":"giao-huan-xa-hoi-cua-giao-hoi-theo-duc-giao-hoang-phanxico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/giao-huan-xa-hoi-cua-giao-hoi-theo-duc-giao-hoang-phanxico\/","title":{"rendered":"GI\u00c1O HU\u1ea4N X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I C\u1ee6A GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I THEO \u0110\u1ee8C GI\u00c1O HO\u00c0NG PHANXIC\u00d4"},"content":{"rendered":"

GI\u00c1O HU\u1ea4N X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I C\u1ee6A GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I THEO \u0110\u1ee8C GI\u00c1O HO\u00c0NG PHANXIC\u00d4[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Christophe Theobald, s.j., Facult\u00e9s j\u00e9suites de Paris, Centre S\u00e8vres.<\/em><\/p>\n

———<\/p>\n

 T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/strong> : T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n Evangelii gaudium<\/em> (2013) v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laudato si\u2019<\/em> (2015) b\u1ed5 t\u00fac l\u1eabn nhau. V\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch<\/em> \u00bb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea1m vi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p Tin M\u1eebng. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i thi\u00eang li\u00eang.<\/p>\n

———<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 h\u00f4m nay ; n\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n Evangelii gaudium<\/em> (2013) \u2013 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 : \u00ab Chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng \u00bb -, v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 chung Laudato si\u2019<\/em> (2015), kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u00ab Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00bb (LS 15). Hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y b\u1ed5 t\u00fac l\u1eabn nhau, v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 hai quy chi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\"\"T\u00f4i gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4, ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n \u00ab Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00bb hay \u00ab Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00bb thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Trong Evangelii gaudium<\/em>, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00ab m\u1ed7i Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/em>, \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u hay ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o \u00bb (EG 3), v\u00e0 trong Laudato si\u2019<\/em>, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00ab m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em> \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y \u00bb (LS 3), \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch<\/em> m\u1edbi m\u1ebb : ng\u00e0i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta ; ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho kh\u1ea3 thi nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u1edd phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u00ab thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u00bb \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u00ed, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1ebf ; n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 cho t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u1eadu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ; vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng phong c\u00e1ch \u2013 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hai l\u1ea7n trong Evangelii gaudium<\/em> v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m l\u1ea7n trong Laudato si\u2019<\/em> \u2013 ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 : v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0, khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu<\/em> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, mang l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/em> m\u1edbi m\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1<\/em> n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i r\u00f5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00e2y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hay phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u2013 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00fang bao h\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta trong h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i, – \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t<\/em>, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/em> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n m\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t<\/em> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec, trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/em> v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/em> v\u00e0 \u0111a nguy\u00ean <\/em>; ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y m\u00e0 T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch so v\u1edbi Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes<\/em> c\u1ee7a Vatican II m\u00e0, cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Sau c\u00f9ng, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng mang l\u1ea1i cho ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i \u00ab gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00bb hay \u00ab hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00bb c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i r\u00f5.<\/p>\n

I. Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/strong><\/p>\n

 1. <\/strong>M\u1eb7t \u00ab x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00bb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi Tin M\u1eebng <\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/em>C\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung n\u00f3 trong<\/em> l\u1eddi loan b\u00e1o duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Cho d\u1ea7u Evangelii gaudium<\/em> b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong hai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp (3 v\u00e0 4), nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o Tin M\u1eebng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi Tin M\u1eebng t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 177 v\u00e0 180. S\u1ed1 177 \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 \u2013 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb Kerygma<\/em> (l\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi) c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc : \u00ab Kerygma<\/em> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t : \u1edf t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u00bb (EG 177). V\u00e0 EG 180 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Kinh :<\/p>\n

\u00ab \u0110\u1ecdc Th\u00e1nh Kinh cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. (\u2026) L\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa (Lc 4, 43) ; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111ang ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Bao l\u00e2u Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta, th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em>. \u00bb<\/p>\n

C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m k\u1ebft trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eafn g\u1ecdn n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/em> Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ch\u00ednh \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0y m\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng phong c\u00e1ch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong Evangelii gaudium<\/em>, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 theo nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m vi \u00fd ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u00ab c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng \u00bb v\u1ed1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a \u00ab c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u00bb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ; kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0y : \u00ab N\u00f3 h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng<\/em> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi nhau, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em> \u00bb (EG 115). Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ba t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u01a1i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laudato si\u2019<\/em> (LS 66). T\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y sau.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ef1 \u0111a nguy\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u00ab nh\u1eefng phong c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u00bb v\u00e0 \u00ab n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u00bb (EG 72) \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/em> gi\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, m\u1ed9t \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u00bb (EG 54), \u00ab v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00bb (EG 67), n\u00f3i ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u00ab m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u00bb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i (EG 195), v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u00ab m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n<\/em>, cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n<\/em>, phong nhi\u00eau h\u01a1n<\/em>, v\u1ed1n mang l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u00bb (EG 208). Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u00ab ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00bb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Evangelii gaudium<\/em> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng \u00bb (EG 168) m\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hay \u00ab nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed5i v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u00bb (EG 112) v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui[2]<\/a>. Phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u01a1i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, \u00ab s\u1ef1 trao hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i tr\u00ean th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i <\/em>\u00bb (EG 269).<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, Evangelii gaudium<\/em> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau : m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, \u00ab c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng \u00bb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0m n\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9<\/em> Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u2013 \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng<\/em> \u00bb. Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laudato si\u2019<\/em> l\u00e0m cho tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1n l\u1ed1i ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y : theo \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eafm sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 \u00bb (LS 204) v\u1edbi \u00ab ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00bb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (LS 23 v\u00e0 59) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi \u00bb (LS 16) m\u00e0, so v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111ang th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i mang chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a (LS 108).<\/p>\n

L\u1ed1i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u1edf n\u00ean tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 c\u1ee7a Laudato si\u2019<\/em> xem x\u00e9t \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng sinh th\u00e1i \u00bb. Tham chi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ebft gia v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Romano Guardini[3]<\/a> v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t Ivan Illich v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Francfort (d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau t\u00ean h\u1ecd), \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00ab c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em> \u00bb (LS 106). Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta duy tr\u00ec v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh : \u00ab Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt do k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trung l\u1eadp, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i khung m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng<\/em>, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00bb (LS 107). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u00ab vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t (b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a) m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng<\/em> b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00bb (LS 145), s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n k\u1ef9 tr\u1ecb, bao h\u00e0m c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (LS 109), khi\u1ebfn cho \u00ab tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a khi ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, \u00edt ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u00bb (LS 108).<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ef1 mong manh<\/em><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u00e0y m\u00e0, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o<\/em> v\u1ec1 phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng thay th\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i qua l\u1eddi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u00ab ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ef1 mong manh \u00bb (EG 209-216), v\u00ec n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 mong manh k\u00e9p<\/em> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 l\u01b0u t\u00e2m, s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t ; v\u00e0 trong Evangelii gaudium<\/em>, ch\u00ednh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0 Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 (EG 183). V\u00e0 \u1edf cu\u1ed1i ph\u1ea7n b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o (EG 216). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng trong ba m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 chung m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n trong Laudato si\u2019<\/em>. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau : \u00ab T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong t\u00ecnh y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0 th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Assidi, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ef1 mong manh<\/em> c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 <\/em>c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng \u00bb (EG 216).<\/p>\n

     1) V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o \u00bb, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a[4]<\/strong><\/a><\/em>. \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng y Lercaro, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp nh\u00f3m \u1edf c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y (c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi dom Helder Camara v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 Maximos IV), th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ng\u00e0y 6\/12\/1962[5]<\/a>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ; nh\u01b0ng nh\u00f3m kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u00edt ra s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Lumen gentium<\/em>, s\u1ed1 8, trong Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes,<\/em> s\u1ed1 1 v\u00e0 trong S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh Ad gentes<\/em> s\u1ed1 3. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh nhi\u00ean l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1975 b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI trong T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n Evangelii nuntiandi<\/em> s\u1ed1 6(tt), m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u00ab m\u1eb9 \u00bb c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n Evangelii gaudium<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Khung c\u1ea3nh thi\u00ean sai c\u1ee7a Luca 4, cho th\u1ea5y Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u t\u1ea5n phong, loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c n\u00e0y, v\u1ed1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft, theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Lercaro, Tin M\u1eebng v\u0129nh c\u1eedu v\u1edbi t\u00ednh th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y m\u00e0 Evangelii gaudium<\/em> l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00ab ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c Ph\u00fac \u00c2m h\u00f3a ch\u00fang ta<\/em> \u00bb (EG 121) ; b\u1edfi th\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt khi n\u00f3 h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i \u00ab l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o \u00bb, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp h\u1ecd tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 cho h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 \u01b0u ti\u00ean trong d\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa (EG 187-196).<\/p>\n

     2) Khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i ca c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Assidi, Laudato si\u2019<\/em> mong mu\u1ed1n kh\u01a1i d\u1eady c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u1eafng nghe : \u00ab Ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng Ch\u00faa, l\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a con, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang con, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1eb9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00fang con, v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n sinh nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng hoa v\u00e0 c\u1ecf c\u00e2y mu\u00f4n s\u1eafc\u00bb. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111ang k\u00eau c\u1ee9u v\u00ec nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u00e2y ra cho ch\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i m\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y (LS 1-2).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0m n\u00ean t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Evangelii gaudium<\/em>, nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh : \u00ab Ng\u00e0y nay, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em>, v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp c\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1eabn ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o \u00bb (LS 49).<\/p>\n

3. T\u1eeb Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ebfn Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ch\u00ednh Th\u00e1nh Kinh cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng. N\u1ebfu Evangelii gaudium<\/em> kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb \u00ab Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u00bb, th\u00ec Laudato si\u2019<\/em> d\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng hai cho \u00ab Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u00bb. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u2013 Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u2013 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai \u2013 Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u2013 v\u1ed1n \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u00e1ch k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o ;  v\u00ec Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng, trong khi ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ph\u00eda con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh \u00ab kh\u00f4ng gian huynh \u0111\u1ec7, c\u00f4ng l\u00fd, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi <\/em>\u00bb (EG 180).<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, trong s\u00e1ch S\u00e1ng th\u1ebf k\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd. \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 minh h\u1ecda \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 Cain v\u00e0 Abel c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 N\u00f4-\u00ea : \u00ab Vi\u1ec7c sao nh\u00e3ng trong tr\u00e1ch v\u1ee5 vun tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i, v\u1edbi tha nh\u00e2n, v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u00e0y b\u1ecb sao nh\u00e3ng, khi c\u00f4ng l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1eefa, th\u00ec Th\u00e1nh Kinh n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e2m nguy \u00bb (LS 70).<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u00ednh \u0111a chi\u1ec1u<\/em> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, trong m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. D\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ba (EG 115 v\u00e0 LS 66) hay b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan, nh\u01b0 trong gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 Cain, Abel v\u00e0 N\u00f4-\u00ea trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u00ab s\u1ef1 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u00bb hay s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i \u00bb, \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 l\u00e0 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c ghi kh\u1eafc n\u00f3 trong tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt Th\u00e1nh Kinh gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ecd t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y. Chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao h\u00e0m \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u : n\u00f3 h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i trong ba hay b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 b\u1ecb qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu. S\u1ef1 b\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m trong \u00ab nh\u1eefng phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng \u00bb \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n. Th\u00e1nh Kinh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c ch\u00fang, ghi kh\u1eafc \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng Tin M\u1eebng \u00bb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec5n \u1ea3nh ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n

II. Quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u00ab c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u00bb v\u00e0 \u00ab \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u00bb : t\u1eeb chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, \u1edf tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n Th\u00e1nh Kinh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ; c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam \u00ab thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed <\/em>\u00bb, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Pacem in terris<\/em> n\u0103m 1963 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u Laudato si\u2019 <\/em>3). \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, v\u1eabn trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Evangelii gaudium<\/em> v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a hai ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/em> \u00ab \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 chung s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0i h\u00f2a trong m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chung. T\u00f4i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (EG 221).<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau trong Laudato si\u2019<\/em>, cho ph\u00e9p hi\u1ec3u kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb nay t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes <\/em>c\u1ee7a Vatican II v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc ng\u1ea5m ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/em>; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho \u00ab vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u00bb, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong ph\u1ea7n hai c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4. T\u00f4i l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch v\u1eafn t\u1eaft ba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

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  1. B\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ba hay b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn xuy\u00ean qua \u00ab nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c \u00bb (EG 212s) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc : 1) th\u1eddi gian l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng gian ; 2) hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t th\u1eafng xung \u0111\u1ed9t ; 3) th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ; 4) to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. Trong hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u01a1i tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng minh h\u1ecda r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn d\u00e0i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 hai<\/em> v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba<\/em>, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, v\u00ec ch\u00fang n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eafm thi\u00ean sai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u2013 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u2013 v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 hay c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/em> b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 t\u01b0<\/em> : \u00ab to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u00bb (EG 234-237).<\/p>\n

    Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e8m theo b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa hai \u1ea9n d\u1ee5, l\u1ed1i so s\u00e1nh cho ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng phong c\u00e1ch<\/em>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u<\/em> (sph\u00e8re) v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u0111a di\u1ec7n<\/em> (poly\u00e8dre), m\u00e0 Evangelii gaudium<\/em> coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 hai c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t \u00ab to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u00bb v\u00e0 \u00ab c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u00bb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ; nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang cho ph\u00e9p hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u00ab h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u00bb trong m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh phong c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n so v\u1edbi Gaudium et spes<\/em> : \u00ab To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, (\u2026) \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n ban c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf b\u00e9, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i, nh\u01b0ng trong m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n \u1ea3nh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. (\u2026) Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/em>, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn<\/em> n\u00ean c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

    M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u<\/em>, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y hay \u0111i\u1ec3m kia. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u0111a di\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e0, trong \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u00ecnh \u0111a \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. (\u2026)<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 ch\u00fang ta, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 hay t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n cho ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 sai ch\u00fang ta \u0111i rao gi\u1ea3ng. (\u2026) Tin M\u1eebng l\u00e0 men l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i b\u1ed9t d\u1eady men, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai soi s\u00e1ng m\u1ecdi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Tin M\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh : n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u00e0 Tin M\u1eebng bao l\u00e2u n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c loan b\u00e1o cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em>, bao l\u00e2u n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng phong nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, bao l\u00e2u n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o b\u00e0n ti\u1ec7c N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi \u00bb (EG 235-237).<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh Gaudium et spes<\/em> v\u1edbi Evangelii gaudium<\/em>. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Gaudium et spes<\/em> bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u \u2013 \u00ab ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u00e2n sinh \u00bb (anthroposph\u00e8re) hay \u00ab khung c\u1ea3nh nh\u00e2n sinh \u00bb (anthroposc\u00e8ne) (theo GS 2, 2 : \u00ab n\u01a1i m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n ra \u00bb) \u2013 trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m c\u1ea1nh nhau, \u0111i t\u1eeb h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i th\u00ec \u0111ang \u1edf gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng<\/em> \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u<\/em> v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, ph\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfu t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong \u00ab \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00bb c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng (GS 10, 2) tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u00ab Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb. C\u00e1i ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/em> (c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/em>, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a hay ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/em>, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 kia<\/em>) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 hay, n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t hay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan t\u00e2m. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/em> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>, theo nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a Laudato si\u2019<\/em>, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u00ab h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u00bb, d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 hai v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chung s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n

    Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Evangelii gaudium<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i \u0111a di\u1ec7n. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3, di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u00ab m\u1ed7i Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/em>, \u1edf b\u1ea5t n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u hay ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o \u00bb (EG 3), ngay c\u1ea3 \u00ab m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em> \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y \u00bb (LS 3) theo t\u00ednh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00f4n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng duy tr\u00ec \u00ab t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u00bb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, theo l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00ednh phong c\u00e1ch<\/em> m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3, v\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi<\/em> y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong m\u1ed9t d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u00ab s\u1ef1 tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng \u00bb.<\/p>\n

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    1. S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft quy nh\u00e2n<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/em>Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u sang h\u00ecnh \u0111a di\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng xem x\u00e9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Gaudium et spes<\/em> : s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00ab ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft quy nh\u00e2n chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf \u00bb hay \u00ab l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c \u00bb (LS 68, 69, 118, 119 v\u00e0 122) v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u00ab k\u1ef9 tr\u1ecb \u00bb v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u00ab huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u00bb (LS 60 v\u00e0 78), nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a Laudato si\u2019<\/em> v\u1ec1 \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng sinh th\u00e1i \u00bb c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ; c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch so v\u1edbi Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Vatican II \u0111ang duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan kh\u00e1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft quy nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng hai c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y trong GS 12, 1 : \u00ab Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tin n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y : m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u00bb. LS 93 mang l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sau : \u00ab Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin hay kh\u00f4ng tin, ch\u00fang ta<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n chung m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i sinh \u00edch cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb.<\/p>\n

      Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa<\/em> hai quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c mu\u1ed1n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i (LS 60), gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft quy nh\u00e2n (anthropocentrisme) l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft quy sinh h\u1ecdc (bio-centrisme) (LS 118) : \u00ab Gi\u1eefa hai th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 suy t\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i  x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/em> \u00bb (LS 60). Hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft quy nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u00ab quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng \u00bb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf (GS 36 v\u00e0 LS 80 v\u00e0 99) kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh h\u01a1n. N\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m, n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3u sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7y th\u00e1c cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00ab th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u00bb (Stk 1, 28), nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n Th\u00e1nh Kinh n\u00e0y \u00ab c\u1ed5 x\u00fay vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c man r\u1ee3 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u00bb \u0111ang khi trong Th\u00e1nh Kinh n\u00f3 h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i \u00ab vun tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 canh gi\u1eef khu v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00bb (Stk 2, 15 ; LS 67)[6]<\/a>. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00ab t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Do th\u00e1i-Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i thi\u00eang thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u00bb ; nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng r\u00fat ra h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 (m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e1n cho Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin) v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft quy nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng li\u00ean k\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u00ab tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn vun tr\u1ed3ng<\/em> c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u00bb (LS 78).<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. T\u00ednh \u0111a nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111a nguy\u00ean<\/em> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/em> v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/em>, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u00ab to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u00bb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh \u0111a di\u1ec7n (n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1eady), \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n hai c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 c\u1ee7a Evangelii gaudium<\/em>, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb3n nhi\u00ean b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u00ab \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u00bb. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ba hay b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0, hai b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n \u2013 \u00ab c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng \u00bb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0m n\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9<\/em> Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang (\u00ab phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng<\/em> \u00bb) -, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ec n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0,  \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/em> \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/em> Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3? \u2013 do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea7y ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean : kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n l\u00fd (cho d\u1ea7u vi\u1ec5n \u1ea3nh h\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn) nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch mang t\u1edbi \u00ab phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng \u00bb trong s\u1ed1 \u00ab c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c <\/em>\u00bb m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u01a1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 sinh th\u00e1i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9c tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 n\u00e9t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2 c\u1ee7a Laudato si\u2019<\/em> b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00ab m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c phi l\u00fd s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i \u00bb (LS 62) ; nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p. Ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft : \u00ab \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u01a1 ca, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u00e0 linh \u0111\u1ea1o \u00bb (LS 63). V\u00e0 ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu kh\u00e1c, \u00ab nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c t\u00edn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin mang l\u1ea1i [cho h\u1ecd] nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb em mong manh nh\u1ea5t<\/em> \u00bb (LS 64).<\/p>\n

        Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u00bb gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u0111a chi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng <\/em>v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ecdi<\/em> t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n li\u00ean quan, m\u1ecdi<\/em> m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi <\/em>s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan \u2013 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u2013 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00ab s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan \u00bb l\u00e0m n\u00ean m\u1ed1i li\u00ean hi\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u00ab c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u00bb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o mang l\u1ea1i ; v\u00ec, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, \u00ab s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan \u00bb n\u1eb1m trong \u00ab n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u00bb v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, bao h\u00e0m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/em> c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt Th\u00e1nh Kinh.<\/p>\n

        L\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea7y ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn \u00ab phong tr\u00e0o sinh th\u00e1i \u00bb v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00ab m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ea7n \u00bb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0 hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 qua c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Rio v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u00ab ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 \u00bb b\u1edfi Laudato si\u2019<\/em> (LS 167 v\u00e0 186), v\u00e0 Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a La Haye (LS 207).<\/p>\n

        Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1eeba khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u1eeba \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0a ra cho m\u00ecnh, qua ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4, trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i : \u00ab C\u1ea3 Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u1eabn Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u00bb, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 c\u1ee7a Evangelii gaudium<\/em>, \u1edf cu\u1ed1i ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i (EG 184) ; v\u00e0, trong Laudato si\u2019<\/em>, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 n\u00f3i th\u00eam hai l\u1ea7n r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00ab hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe r\u1ed3i c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn\u2026 \u00bb (LS 46 v\u00e0 188)[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

        Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n hai nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y : hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn Th\u00e1nh Kinh nh\u01b0ng khai tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t<\/em> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn quy nh\u00e2n v\u00e0  thu\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes<\/em>. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111a nguy\u00ean \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng l\u1ed1i \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 kh\u1ed1i \u0111a di\u1ec7n \u2013 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ee9c tin nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u00bb quan tr\u1ecdng hay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00ab nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00bb.<\/p>\n

        III. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i : m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm<\/strong><\/p>\n

         <\/strong>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u1eeba v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng mang l\u1ea1i cho ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i \u00ab gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u00bb hay \u00ab hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n \u00bb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n \u00ab gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00bb hay \u00ab Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00bb \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Cho d\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u00ab h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00bb, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng trao cho n\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u00ab t\u1eadp gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft \u00bb, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng \u00ab kh\u00e1ch quan \u00bb, theo ngh\u0129a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn hay vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u00ab \u0111ang nh\u00f4 ra \u00bb so v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m lu\u00f4n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

        T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, mang l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f3 \u00ab c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u00bb m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 : \u00ab th\u1eddi gian l\u1edbn h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng gian \u00bb. \u00ab Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh b\u1edfi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh, hay nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t. N\u00f3 m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho th\u1eddi gian. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p th\u1ea5y trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i cho kh\u00f4ng gian quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. D\u00e0nh \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho kh\u00f4ng gian s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u01b0u toan chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu m\u1ecdi kh\u00f4ng gian quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng n\u1eb1m gi\u1eef ch\u00fang. D\u00e0nh \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian<\/em>. (\u2026) \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 bao h\u00e0m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang sinh hoa tr\u00e1i trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo l\u1eafng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u00bb (EG 223).<\/p>\n

        \u00ab B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian \u00bb. Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phanxic\u00f4 ra, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/em> m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em> hay s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u<\/em> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf m\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 bao h\u00e0m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi hay c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, ch\u00ednh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hay phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ba n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n

             1) Hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i<\/em> m\u00e0 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u00eang li\u00eang quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u00ab ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u00bb. Ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh Th\u00e1nh Kinh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n Evangelii gaudium<\/em>, b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u00ab s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00bb (m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00ab \u0111i ra \u00bb, EG 20-23), b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Laudato si\u2019<\/em> v\u1ec1 \u00ab Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n linh \u0111\u1ea1o sinh th\u00e1i \u00bb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u: \u00ab Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u00bb. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng tr\u1ea5n an t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u2013 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu : \u00ab Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 quy v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c cho ph\u00e9p quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh. Khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c<\/em> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00bb (LS 208).<\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i \u00ab thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u00bb n\u00e0y kh\u1ea3 thi, vi\u1ec7c \u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c hay r\u0103n \u0111e lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ; c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1edd lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch v\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, ch\u00ednh \u00ab s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c \u00bb v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 thi\u00eang li\u00eang v\u1ec1 \u00ab s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c \u00bb l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu, t\u1eeb trung t\u00e2m thi\u00eang li\u00eang n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y hay l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kia, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111ang lu\u00f4n \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ; do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn theo m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hay m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch \u00ab h\u00ecnh \u0111a di\u1ec7n \u00bb \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

             2) Phong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 c\u0169ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00eau r\u00f5 n\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u00ab ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm \u00bb, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i kia ; v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u00ab ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 \u00bb, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eebng g\u1eafn t\u1eeb h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Rio v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh n\u00e9t n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh ; v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 phong ph\u00fa t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u00ab thay th\u1ebf \u00bb c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi kh\u1eafc trong c\u00e1c phong c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

        S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n xem Tin M\u1eebng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u00bb quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ch\u00ednh khi th\u1ef1c thi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a quy nh\u00e2n l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng Tin M\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u00bb t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u01a1n ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Laudato si\u2019<\/em> v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng mang b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5n th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda hay \u00ab kh\u1ea3i huy\u1ec1n \u00bb n\u00e0o. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn hay l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i ; nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf v\u1ed1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u00ab \u00e2n ban \u00bb (LS 76) : \u00ab c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sa \u0111\u1ecda th\u00e1i qu\u00e1, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa ch\u1ecdn s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t cho h\u1ecd \u00bb (LS 205 v\u00e0 61).<\/p>\n

             3) H\u00e0nh vi hy v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y n\u00e9t th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a phong c\u00e1ch Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm, \u00ab c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u xa m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00bb (LS 222).<\/p>\n

        S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, l\u1eafng nghe Tin M\u1eebng v\u1ec1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan th\u00e2n \u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 mong manh nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho vi\u1ec7c chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o.  Trong hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 ngang qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c minh h\u1ecda tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng : m\u1ed9t \u00ab \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u00bb chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 : \u00ab V\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, c\u00e1c khu ph\u1ed1, c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c nhau, cho ph\u00e9p hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh x\u1eed c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f2n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00e1c : ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 (\u2026). C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, khung c\u1ea3nh tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u00ab \u0111ang \u1edf nh\u00e0 \u00bb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, thay v\u00ec kh\u00e9p k\u00edn n\u01a1i khu ph\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. M\u1ecdi can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb hay n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n c\u01b0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u00ab ch\u00fang ta \u00bb m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng nhau x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u00bb (LS 150-151)[8]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

             ***<\/p>\n

        T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/em> : 1) b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Th\u00e1nh Kinh ; 2) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t ; v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng 3) b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00ab nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u00bb ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh (x. LS 121). V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi : l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang ta, trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi ?<\/p>\n

        ——————<\/p>\n

        [1]<\/a> B\u00e0i tham lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i Paris ng\u00e0y 19\/9\/2015 nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1edfi Centre S\u00e8vres v\u00e0 Ceras.<\/p>\n

        [2]<\/a> \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u c\u00e1ch ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma \u00ab gratia supponit naturam<\/em> \u00bb (\u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean) th\u00e0nh \u00ab \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u00bb (EG 115).<\/p>\n

        [3]<\/a> Cf. R. Guardini, La fin des temps modernes<\/em> (1950), Paris, Cerf, 1952, v\u1edbi t\u00e1m tr\u00edch d\u1eabn (LS 105, 108, 115, 203, 219) !<\/p>\n

        [4]<\/a> Cf. G. Cottier al., Eglise et pauvret\u00e9<\/em>, coll. Unam Sanctam 57, Paris, Cerf, 1965 ; g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n, cf. K. Appel, S. Pittle, \u201cdas Konzil am Grab. Das Grabmal Pauls VI und der \u201cPakt der Katakomben\u201d als Verst\u00e4ndnishilfen f\u00fcr den \u00e4sthetischen Perspektivenwechsel des Konzils\u201d, trong J. \u2013H. T\u00fcck (\u00e9d.), erinnerung an die Zukunft, Das Zweite vatikanische Konzil<\/em>, Freiburg i. B., Herder, 2013, tr. 371-384.<\/p>\n

        [5]<\/a> AS I\/4, 327-330.<\/p>\n

        [6]<\/a> L\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch phi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o GS 12,3 : \u00ab Th\u00e1nh Kinh d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u2018theo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u2019, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1ebf (tamquam), l\u00e0m ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 cai qu\u1ea3n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang (eisque uteretur), m\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u00bb ; c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu GS 34, 1 : \u00ab Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng theo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng (subiciens) tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec trong \u0111\u00f3, cai qu\u1ea3n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 trong s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd \u00bb.<\/p>\n

        [7]<\/a> \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn GS 33, 2.<\/p>\n

        [8]<\/a> C\u0169ng xem LS 44 (tt) (s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1); EG 71-75.<\/p>\n

        ———–<\/p>\n

        Lm. V\u00f5 Xu\u00e2n Ti\u1ebfn  chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        GI\u00c1O HU\u1ea4N X\u00c3 H\u1ed8I C\u1ee6A GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I THEO \u0110\u1ee8C GI\u00c1O HO\u00c0NG PHANXIC\u00d4[1] Christophe Theobald, s.j., Facult\u00e9s j\u00e9suites de Paris, Centre S\u00e8vres.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,36,31,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoc-thuyet-xa-hoi","category-lm-vo-xuan-tien","category-luan-ly","category-ty-linh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14513"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14513\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14516,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14513\/revisions\/14516"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}