{"id":14729,"date":"2021-05-16T21:00:52","date_gmt":"2021-05-16T14:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=14729"},"modified":"2021-05-16T21:00:52","modified_gmt":"2021-05-16T14:00:52","slug":"nguyen-tac-muc-dich-pho-quat-cua-cua-cai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/nguyen-tac-muc-dich-pho-quat-cua-cua-cai\/","title":{"rendered":"NGUY\u00caN T\u1eaeC M\u1ee4C \u0110\u00cdCH PH\u1ed4 QU\u00c1T C\u1ee6A C\u1ee6A C\u1ea2I"},"content":{"rendered":"

Christian Mellon, s.j., Ceras, nguy\u00ean th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban C\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, Ph\u00e1p<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u00bb b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 Vatican II \u0111\u01b0a ra ng\u00e0y nay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t : \u00ab Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o tay c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, theo quy lu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u1edbi b\u00e1c \u00e1i<\/em> \u00bb (Gaudium et spes<\/em>, GS 69,1).<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 do s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n do s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y li\u00ean k\u1ebft :\"\"<\/p>\n

– m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0110\u1ea5ng t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 giao n\u00f3 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng x\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec s\u00e1ch S\u00e1ng th\u1ebf k\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/em> (s\u1ed1 299) t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau : \u00ab C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng do Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 ban cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 giao ph\u00f3 cho n\u00f3<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n

– tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 : v\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a  c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u00ab \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00bb cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00ean, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang \u00ab ph\u1ea3i \u00bb \u00ab ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o tay c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb, c\u00e1ch \u00ab c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u00bb. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00ab c\u00f4ng l\u00fd \u00bb v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1c \u00e1i.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ch\u00fang b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n ly nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o : ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0110\u1ea5ng t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ph\u00f3 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m cho \u00ab ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o tay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1eeba nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u00ab c\u00f4ng l\u00fd \u00bb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y hay th\u1ebf kia v\u1eeba nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00ab c\u00f4ng l\u00fd \u00bb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vatican II, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho \u00ab m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n \u00ab cho m\u1ecdi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/em> \u00bb. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, mang l\u1ea1i cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p>\n

Trong di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, tr\u01b0\u1edbc Vatican II, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd : \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIII v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII. Ch\u00ednh trong khung c\u1ea3nh tranh c\u00e3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00ab l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu \u00bb m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea-\u00f4 XIII \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean \u00ab s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 ban tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00f9ng<\/em> n\u00f3<\/em>\u00bb (RN 7). M\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea-\u00f4 XIII trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y : b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb \u00ab s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u00bb n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00ab t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu \u00bb. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 : \u00ab N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 ban n\u00f3 [tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t] l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a chung cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu n\u00f3 c\u00e1ch l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng trao ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 trao vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/em> \u00bb. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2013 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf -, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIII, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n xem ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec \u00ab tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1edfi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/em> \u00bb. M\u1ed9t l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c\u2026<\/p>\n

N\u01a1i \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i \u00ab s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n thanh \u00bb m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1\/6\/1941 (ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n xu\u1ed1ng), nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 50 n\u0103m Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Rerum novarum<\/em>, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ba \u00ab gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u00bb m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n  d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00ab s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u00bb. \u0110\u1ec3 khai tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Sertum laetitiae<\/em> n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u00e0y 1\/11\/1939 : trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn \u00bb r\u1eb1ng \u00ab c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i do Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng cho h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u00e1i \u00bb (Radio-message, RM<\/em> 12, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Sertum laetitiae<\/em>, 34). Ch\u00fang ta l\u01b0u \u00fd s\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i 24 n\u0103m sau. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho \u00ab quy\u1ec1n nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u00bb n\u00e0y : \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u00ab \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u00bb, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u00ab b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh \u00bb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y : \u00ab M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u00fd tr\u00ed, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u00bb (RN 13).<\/p>\n

Cho d\u00f9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Mater et Magistra <\/em>(MM 43) \u2013 r\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Populorum progressio<\/em> (PP 22), nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u00bb v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong \u00ab c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00bb n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb. Ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laborem exercens<\/em> (LE 14, 4), r\u1ed3i r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Sollicitudo rei socialis<\/em> (SRS) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1987 : ng\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u00ab nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u00bb ni\u1ec1m x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng \u00ab c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ef1 d\u1ecbnh cho h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb (SRS 42), m\u1ed9t \u00ab nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00bb m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd quy chi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u00bb trong danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n T\u00f3m L\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em> c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV.<\/p>\n

\u1ede tr\u00ean quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh trong \u0111\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khai tri\u1ec3n hay nh\u1eefng tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c trong m\u1ecdi b\u1ea3n v\u0103n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eeba g\u1ee3i l\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea-\u00f4 XIII \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ngang qua Gaudium et spes, <\/em>trong \u0111\u00f3, ngay sau khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 khai  tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y : \u00ab B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u00e0o, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi <\/em>c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, theo ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0<\/em> hay<\/em> thay \u0111\u1ed5i, <\/em>th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta <\/em>ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/em> n\u00e0y<\/em>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n nh\u00ecn ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a chung n\u1eefa: theo ngh\u0129a, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh \u00edch kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa<\/em> \u00bb (GS 69).<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao Baudoin Roger, trong b\u00e0i \u00ab quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u00bb tr\u00ean trang web n\u00e0y, sau khi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7t ra hai gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong hai l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u00bb b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n, tr\u1eeb Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Rerum novarum<\/em>, b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i cao h\u01a1n quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Populorum progressio<\/em> (PP 22), trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u00ab t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3<\/em> \u00bb v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, \u00ab c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia l\u1edbn \u00bb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00e1nh Ambr\u00f4si\u00f4 : \u00ab Anh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 anh l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a anh m\u00e0 cho, nh\u01b0ng anh ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chung, th\u00ec anh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh cho anh. Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u<\/em>  \u00bb (PP 23). Khi tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t \u00ab Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 \u00bb t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng xa x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: \u00ab Truy\u1ec1n  th\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ec1n (t\u01b0 h\u1eefu) n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec3u quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y trong khung c\u1ea3nh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n chung c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng : quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung, v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/em>\u00bb (Laborem exercens<\/em>, LE 14). Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, trong SRS 42, ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 \u201cm\u00f3n n\u1ee3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00bb (\u00ab hypoth\u00e8que sociale \u00bb) \u0111\u00e8 n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i t\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1979 trong m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u1edf M\u00eaxic\u00f4. \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 n\u1eb1m trong c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laudato si\u2019<\/em> (LS 158), ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u00bb v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edb, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Laborem exercens<\/em>, r\u1eb1ng \u00ab nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u00e0, do \u0111\u00f3, quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab quy lu\u1eadt v\u00e0ng \u00bb c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh x\u1eed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u00ab nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em> \u00bb (LS, 93).<\/p>\n

V\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII, m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII s\u1ebd tr\u00edch d\u1eabn (MM 114), \u0111\u1ec3 \u00ab quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u00bb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t. Trong s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n thanh ng\u00e0y 24\/12\/1942, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00ab ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em>\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00ab ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00bb c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00ec \u00ab ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 h\u1eefu (\u2026) b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u00bb (MM 120).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 soi s\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf : l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o tay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3? \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a ra ba v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes<\/em> (GS 71, 6), C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II khai tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra do s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o, c\u1ee7a \u00ab c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng hay d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 \u00bb. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5ng, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00ab latifundia \u00bb (\u0111i\u1ec1n trang) n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra (m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u00ab ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u00bb), c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch \u00bb, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng minh nhi\u00ean quy chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh khai tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997 (l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 do \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng y Etchegaray \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u) trong m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u00ab \u0110\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u00bb. Sau khi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1n trang theo nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Vatican II \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 : \u00ab \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp trung quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ea b\u1ed1i v\u00ec n\u00f3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c n\u00f3 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf l\u1ee3i \u00edch hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/em> \u00bb (27). Ch\u00fang ta l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i qua k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Quadragesimo anno<\/em>, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i : \u00ab Th\u1eadt sai l\u1ea7m khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t do s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m hay b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu <\/em>\u00bb (QA 53).<\/p>\n

Di c\u01b0<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di c\u01b0, c\u00e1c th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1edfi m\u1edf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m hay quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do \u0111i l\u1ea1i (xem b\u00e0i \u00ab Di c\u01b0 \u00bb tr\u00ean trang web n\u00e0y). Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y kia, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di c\u01b0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII, m\u00e0, trong T\u00f4ng hi\u1ebfn Exsul familia<\/em> (1952), \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u00ab m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u00bb c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c di c\u01b0 nh\u01b0 sau : n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p \u00ab m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c ; b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u00bb. <\/em>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 canh t\u00e2n th\u00fa v\u1ecb khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00ab b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u00bb, v\u1ed1n mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd m\u1edbi m\u1ebb cho \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i : n\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01a1i h\u1ecd, th\u00ec c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u00fang \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. T\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, Hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb Erga migrantes <\/em>c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 Di c\u01b0, do \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II cho ph\u00e9p ban h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004, vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn c\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i : kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i di c\u01b0, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng suy lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t ; k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u00f4-g\u00edc ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 : \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 di c\u01b0, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00ab s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n \u00bb c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u00ab t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi \u00bb.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c d\u00e2n gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe h\u01a1n : bao l\u00e2u c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c sinh t\u1ed3n \u00bb \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ; s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef sau (s\u1ed1 2241) : \u00ab Nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u h\u01a1n c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm an ninh v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c sinh t\u1ed3n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecd<\/em>\u00bb. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft d\u00f2ng di c\u01b0 (v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch \u00bb v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c), nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 cho r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c sinh t\u1ed3n \u00bb. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Luis Morales Reyes, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c M\u00eaxic\u00f4, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edb : \u00ab Vi\u1ec7c ban t\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc <\/em>\u00bb (1).<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00dd th\u1ee9c ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1971 (xem T\u00f4ng th\u01b0 Octogesima adveniens<\/em>, OA 21), \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0ng, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng th\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n, v\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI, trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Caritas in veritate<\/em>, di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng, khi ch\u00fang ta kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng cho \u00ab t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb, th\u00ec t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 bao h\u00e0m trong \u00ab t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00ab c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u00bb : m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u00ab \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ban cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/em> \u00bb (CV 48). Xa h\u01a1n, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00ab s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u00bb n\u01a1i c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 : \u00ab Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai trong m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf c\u00e1ch x\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c canh t\u00e1c n\u00f3<\/em> \u00bb (CV 50). Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, trong suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00ab b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u00bb (\u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd), nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1eeb khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u00ab ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t \u00bb ch\u1ec9 trong ngh\u0129a m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n trong th\u1eddi gian n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng suy t\u01b0 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laudato si\u2019<\/em>. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u1edf s\u1ed1 159, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phanxic\u00f4 vi\u1ebft : \u00ab Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng \u00edch c\u0169ng bao h\u00e0m c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh chung, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn sau ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3. Ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi li\u00ean th\u1ebf h\u1ec7<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n

Khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u00e1ch S\u00e1ng th\u1ebf k\u00fd, C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00ab tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng \u00bb hay v\u1ec1 \u00ab c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u00bb, th\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa giao ph\u00f3 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00ab t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y \u00bb v\u00e0, do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u00ab ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o tay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 sau : c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u00ab thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u00bb do Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n n\u01a1i c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u00ab b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u00bb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3. T\u1eeb \u00ab b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u00bb (sauvegarde) trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 h\u00e0m \u00fd b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n (c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n (conserver) trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y). C\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00ab c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u00bb s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, theo nh\u1eefng quy m\u00f4 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u1eeba l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a lao c\u00f4ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi), kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng, v\u1ed1n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u00ab c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u00bb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111ang c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, ph\u1ea3i \u00ab ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o tay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u00bb. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qua \u0111\u1eddi, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i do khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t : \u00ab Thi\u1ec7n \u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh dung trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n \u00edch m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tri th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n \u00edch n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em> \u00bb (S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y 1\/1\/2005, 7).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c : l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ? Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ; nh\u01b0ng trong khung c\u1ea3nh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u00ab c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u00bb \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng n\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1ef1c ra, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t chung chung : \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0, t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (xem b\u00e0i \u00ab S\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00bb tr\u00ean trang web n\u00e0y).<\/p>\n

—————————– <\/p>\n

(1)  S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y 15\/11\/2002, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong B. Fontaine, Les \u00c9glises, les migrants et les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s<\/em>, \u00e9d. de l\u2019Atelier, 2006, p. 19.<\/p>\n

Lm. V\u00f5 Xu\u00e2n Ti\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/em><\/p>\n

(ngu\u1ed3n : CERAS)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Christian Mellon, s.j., Ceras, nguy\u00ean th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban C\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, Ph\u00e1p N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,36,31,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoc-thuyet-xa-hoi","category-lm-vo-xuan-tien","category-luan-ly","category-ty-linh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14729"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14730,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14729\/revisions\/14730"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}