{"id":23826,"date":"2023-04-07T08:07:41","date_gmt":"2023-04-07T01:07:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=23826"},"modified":"2023-04-07T08:07:41","modified_gmt":"2023-04-07T01:07:41","slug":"dau-la-phan-dinh-luan-ly-doi-voi-cac-viec-bac-ai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/dau-la-phan-dinh-luan-ly-doi-voi-cac-viec-bac-ai\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00c2U L\u00c0 PH\u00c2N \u0110\u1ecaNH LU\u00c2N L\u00dd \u0110\u1ed0I V\u1edaI C\u00c1C VI\u1ec6C B\u00c1C \u00c1I ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u00f2ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Xuy\u00ean qua nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c \u00e1i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u00e1c \u00e1i b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cb\u00e1c \u00e1i\u201d g\u1ee3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, che gi\u1ea5u t\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp tay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. Trong Deus Caritas est<\/em>, s\u1ed1 26, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Marx\u00edt tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u201cVi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c \u00e1i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c \u00e1i \u2013 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u2013 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u b\u1ecf qua vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, ru ng\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o\u2026.\u201d. \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn \u201cv\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m trong l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ec7ch\u201d.<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u00e1i lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3i b\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c danh d\u1ef1 cho nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y?  \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c \u00e1i?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

1. B\u00e1c \u00e1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn n\u00e0y m\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o? Ch\u00ednh c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i? Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, b\u00e1c \u00e1i lu\u00f4n d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u00e9o m\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u1ea7m k\u00edn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng cho d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec, th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1eb3n phi nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu ch\u00eca tay ra. \u0110\u00f4i b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e2n c\u1ea7n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eedng dung. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn l\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00e1n x\u00e1\u2026th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 tha nh\u00e2n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c \u00e1i: \u201cB\u00e1c \u00e1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1n kh\u00e1t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ec7t nho\u00e0i, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u00eca tay ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ru\u1ed3ng b\u1ecf\u2026[1]<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn thi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn v\u1ec1 b\u00e1c \u00e1i khi ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed. V\u1eady \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c \u00e1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c?<\/em> S\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa b\u00e1c \u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: b\u00e1c \u00e1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed l\u00e0m ph\u00fac kh\u00f4ng mi\u1ec5n chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n cho c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng[2]<\/a>. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n cho c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 b\u00e1c \u00e1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi n\u00e3o tr\u1ea1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay v\u00f4 v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u. Ng\u00e0i bi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c \u00e1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c: \u201cT\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean t\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 cho v\u00e0 b\u00ean kia ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y, cha m\u1eb9 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i, \u00e2n nh\u00e2n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu), th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3\u201d (Dives in misericordia<\/em>, s\u1ed1 14).<\/p>\n

Xem x\u00e9t l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1ed1t c\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng. \u201cT\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh tham v\u1ecdng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u1ecfi l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00fang tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng\u201d (s\u1ed1 14). C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c thanh t\u1ea9y c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u201cth\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t ch\u1ec9 khi, khi th\u1ef1c thi n\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c t\u00edn s\u00e2u xa r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ai ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 t\u1eeb ch\u00fang ta. N\u1ebfu kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y thi\u1ebfu \u0111i, th\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c n\u1eefa; s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i, m\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang ta trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 m\u1eabu g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ta; v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a tham d\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i cho ch\u00fang ta n\u01a1i Ng\u00e0i\u201d (s\u1ed1 14). Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 \u201ckhi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta, b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00f2ng khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i (x. Mt 25, 34-40)\u201d (ibid.).<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, thay v\u00ec theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ph\u00fac \u201cthu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lu\u00e2n l\u00fd\u201d, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00edch l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u00e1c \u00e1i t\u1eeb nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5: \u0111\u1ec3 \u201ctr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho ch\u00ednh n\u00f3\u201d (Dives in misericordia<\/em>, s\u1ed1 14), \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n (x. GS s\u1ed1 40).<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 tha nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i \u2013 c\u00e1i quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ecb tha c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi tha nh\u00e2n v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u00f3c gia tr\u01b0\u1edfng hay ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a lu\u00e2n l\u00fd (x. Pi\u00f4 XI, Divini Redemptoris<\/em>, s\u1ed1 46: \u201cNh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u h\u01a1n, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 d\u1eef hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u00ab ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh \u00bb (1 Cor 13, 4), v\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng; \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i m\u00e0, t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u00e3 chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 nh\u1eefng ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7). \u201cTr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 t\u1eadn c\u0103n qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c[3]<\/a>\u201d. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ch\u0103m lo cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd, nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u201cch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u201d, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 huynh \u0111\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

Du ng\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Samaritan\u00f4 nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu (Lc 10, 29-36) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh h\u1ecda t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y. \u201cQu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a h\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u0129 h\u1ecfi Ng\u00e0i \u2013 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u1edbi r\u0103n y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00e9p \u2013 ai l\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i b\u1edfi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Samaritan\u00f4, \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi: \u201cTheo \u00fd \u00f4ng, ai trong ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay b\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp? (c\u00e2u 36). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap<\/em>. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cai l\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau m\u1ebfn?\u201d kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201c\u00f3c gia tr\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d v\u00e0, do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau. T\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y sinh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1\u2026ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Samaritan\u00f4, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng ra g\u00ec[4]<\/a>\u201d. S\u1ef1 l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00eca tay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u00f9ng qu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II cho th\u1ea5y qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi cho tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n khi n\u00f3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng; c\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft nh\u1eadn qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng v\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng, th\u00ec, v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p cao c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n\u201d (Dives in misericordia<\/em>, s\u1ed1 14).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

2. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, s\u1ef1 t\u1eed t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n xin kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong s\u1ef1 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00e8 ch\u1eebng \u201cnh\u1eefng l\u00fd do t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh\u201d sai l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng cho m\u00e0 r\u1ed1t c\u1ee5c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 l\u00ean \u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. B\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, n\u00ean b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i. B\u00e1c \u00e1i do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, France Qu\u00e9r\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y trong Didach\u00e8,<\/em> m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd lu\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i: \u201cC\u00f3 \u00f3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch Didach\u00e8<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho b\u00e1c \u00e1i\u2026\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 cho s\u1ef1 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 bu\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, do nh\u1eefng chi ti\u00eau th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb thi\u1ebfu t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1i x\u1ea5u. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn lu\u00e2n l\u00fd th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00fa v\u1ecb n\u00e0y. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho m\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u01b0u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eadn: c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed5 c\u1ef1c tho\u00e1ng qua c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng mi\u1ec5n cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1c b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1. Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u00e1ch Didach\u00e8 d\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebb b\u1ecbp b\u1ee3m:  n\u00f3 gi\u1eef c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m, khi anh ta c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ed1t. Sau c\u00f9ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u00fa d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y: \u201cN\u1ebfu anh ta c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfng, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb b\u1ecbp b\u1ee3m c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. H\u00e3y \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u0169ng khuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa l\u1ea1, \u00edt ra th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng[5]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

XII. 1. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai \u00ab \u0111\u1ebfn \u00bb v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n \u00ab nh\u00e2n danh Ch\u00faa \u00bb \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn (Mt 21, 9 ; Tv 117, 26) ; nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i : b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. 2. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec h\u00e3y gi\u00fap anh ta nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Nh\u01b0ng anh ta ch\u1ec9 \u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n hai hay ba ng\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. 3. N\u1ebfu anh ta mu\u1ed1n \u1edf lu\u00f4n n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 anh ta l\u00e0 th\u1ee3, th\u00ec anh ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng. 4. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu anh ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u00f9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0n c\u01b0 n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n. 5. N\u1ebfu anh ta kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ; b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y gi\u1eef m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u00bb ( \u00ab La Didach\u00e8 \u00bb, in <\/em>Les P\u00e8res Apostoliques, Coll. <\/em>Foi Vivante, Cerf, Paris, 1990, p. 60.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ai, ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. \u00ab B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi em c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00ednh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u00bb (Justitia in Mundo<\/em>, s\u1ed1 49).<\/p>\n

3. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 Gi\u00e1o D\u00e2n<\/em> d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i : \u00ab Ng\u00e0y nay, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi nhu c\u1ea7u. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu \u0103n, thi\u1ebfu u\u1ed1ng, thi\u1ebfu m\u1eb7c, thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 \u1edf, thi\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c men, thi\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, thi\u1ebfu gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng x\u1ee9ng danh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh, \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu, ch\u1ecbu c\u1ea3nh l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y, t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c, th\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e1c \u00e1i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p, \u00e2n c\u1ea7n s\u0103n s\u00f3c, \u1ee7i an v\u00e0 xoa d\u1ecbu h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng. Thi h\u00e0nh b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u00e0u \u00bb (s\u1ed1 8). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 b\u00e1c \u00e1i : t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng ai \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1n qu\u1eabn, an \u1ee7i h\u1ecd, n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd. \u00ab T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1c \u00e1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 trao l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i[6]<\/a> \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay,  v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. Nh\u1eefng khai tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng cho vi\u1ec7c suy t\u01b0 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

a<\/strong>. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e1c \u00e1i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o theo c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u00e1i. S\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00e9p m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho b\u00e1c \u00e1i l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. V\u00ec c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang g\u1eb7p c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng cho ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n khi lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ecf ra b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng hay b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn b\u00e1c \u00e1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 ph\u1ee5 so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 xuy\u00ean qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch s\u00e2u xa nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

b<\/strong>. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf hay c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0ng xuy\u00ean qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u00ab tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u00bb theo ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i m\u1edbi m\u1ebb nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c can thi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi m\u1ebb m\u1ed7i khi \u00ab Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda n\u01a1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda [7]<\/a>\u00bb.<\/p>\n

c.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u00e8 n\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c : c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ec1 th\u00f3i. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e1c \u00e1i ph\u1ea3i canh ch\u1eebng \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1eebng nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 cho m\u1ed9t lo-g\u00edc c\u1eeda giao d\u1ecbch hay m\u1ed9t lo-g\u00edc hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng trong vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u01b0 x\u1eed c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 v\u1ec1 \u00ab t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u00bb.<\/p>\n

d.<\/strong> C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft \u01a1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00e2n nh\u00e2n gi\u00fap h\u1ecd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00e2n nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y khi \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u xin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi s\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 h\u01a1n h\u1ecd. Ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u00ab kh\u00f4ng gian n\u00ean th\u00e1nh \u00bb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0 cho h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Dominique Greiner<\/strong><\/p>\n

(T\u00fd Linh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef)<\/p>\n

 ————————————————-<\/strong><\/p>\n

 [1]<\/a>C. Chalier, \u00ab Equit\u00e9 et bont\u00e9 \u00bb, art. cit., p. 35.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, Catherine Chalier n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cc\u00e1i b\u1eaby ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o thuy\u1ebft \u00bb trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1ea5p ng\u00e3 : m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c \u00e1i qu\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng r\u1eddi b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng : \u00ab B\u00e1c \u00e1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, b\u00e1c \u00e1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng, bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n, vi\u1ec7n c\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0u mang b\u1edfi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng imitatio Dei<\/em> (b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa), con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c \u00e1i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n n\u00f3 cho k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u01b0 tr\u00fa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1ebd cho lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00bb (Catherine Chalier, \u00ab Equit\u00e9 et bont\u00e9 \u00bb, Autrement<\/em>, s\u00e9rie Morale n\u00b0 11, avril 1993, p. 29).<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>Denis M\u00fcller, \u00ab Estime et respect de soi, justice, reconnaissance \u00bb in Les passions de l\u2019agir juste<\/em>, EditionsUniversitaires, Fribourg, Cerf, Paris, 2000, p.112<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>J.-F. Collange, \u00ab Foi, esp\u00e9rance, amour et \u00e9thique \u00bb, art. cit., p. 43.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>France Qu\u00e9r\u00e9, \u00ab Un mot qui prend feu \u00bb, Autrement<\/em>, s\u00e9rie Morale n\u00b0 11, avril 1993, pp. 43-44.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Ibid., tr. 26.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>R\u00e8gle de vie de la Congr\u00e9gation des Augustins de l\u2019Assomption<\/em>, Rome, 1984, Chapitre 1, n\u00b0 4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00f2ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Xuy\u00ean qua nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c \u00e1i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u00e1c \u00e1i […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4616,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,31,32,33,48],"tags":[63,120],"class_list":["post-23826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoc-thuyet-xa-hoi","category-luan-ly","category-nhan-ban","category-tam-linh","category-ty-linh","tag-bac-ai-lien-doi","tag-cong-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23826"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23826\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23827,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23826\/revisions\/23827"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4616"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23826"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}