{"id":25909,"date":"2023-08-25T23:19:42","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T16:19:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=25909"},"modified":"2023-08-26T22:38:31","modified_gmt":"2023-08-26T15:38:31","slug":"tu-su-phat-trien-con-nguoi-toan-dien-den-nen-sinh-thai-toan-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/tu-su-phat-trien-con-nguoi-toan-dien-den-nen-sinh-thai-toan-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eea S\u1ef0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N CON NG\u01af\u1edcI TO\u00c0N DI\u1ec6N \u0110\u1ebeN N\u1ec0N SINH TH\u00c1I TO\u00c0N DI\u1ec6N"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p>\n

To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u201cs\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\u201d. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Populorum Progressio<\/em> (PP) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u00e0, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u1ee6y ban C\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 CCFD (\u1ee6y ban C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n) hay DCC (Ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n, d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 2015, trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laudato si\u2019<\/em> v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 chung, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\u201d. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Vatican, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan m\u1edbi m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cB\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\u201d. B\u1ed9 n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u00fd, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, di c\u01b0, sinh th\u00e1i, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe… Trong khi t\u1eeb ng\u1eef ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb tranh c\u00e3i, t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i n\u00f3? Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t “to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n”, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong “n\u1ec1n sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n”, mang l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1eddi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i mang t\u00ednh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/em>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d (PP 15). M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch t\u00e2m linh s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u2013 s\u1ebd v\u1eabn m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 t\u1eeb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 cao c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u01a1n g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng theo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban t\u1eb7ng trong Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n quan tr\u1ecdng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian, ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y do Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017 nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i \u2013 Mater et magistra<\/em> n\u0103m 1961 (MM) v\u00e0 Pacem in terris<\/em> n\u0103m 1963 (PT) \u2013 m\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o di\u1ec5n ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II trong Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes<\/em> (1965) (GS). Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb nay c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (MM 157), Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong ba v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n (PT 86) v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n” c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn do l\u1ee3i \u00edch ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (MM 159, MM 160; GS 86 ) . Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u1edbi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e9o m\u00f3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c (MM 171; PT 121; GS 85). Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i mang t\u00ednh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf (MM 68): m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 tri\u1ec3n n\u1edf nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch t\u00e2m linh (GS 86).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong Populorum Progressio<\/em>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, cha Louis-Joseph Lebret \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i \u00ab Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n v\u0103n \u00bb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1941, nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1edf Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 Latinh, Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Ch\u00fang ta n\u1ee3 ng\u00e0i kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u201cc\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea1i Vatican II. D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau b\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u201cc\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3i kh\u1ed5 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u00e0u c\u00f3\u201d (PP 3) v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i Tin M\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u2013 \u201cm\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00ec m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01a1n g\u1ecdi\u201d trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa (PP 15) \u2013 nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng mang t\u00ednh c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cthu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u201d (PP 16 ) v\u00e0 \u201c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n mang t\u00ednh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u201d (PP 43). Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ean g\u1ecdi m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d (PP 76-80). Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft duy nh\u1ea5t hay gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb7t ra, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u201cth\u1ef1c s\u1ef1\u201d l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00edt nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n sang nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00cdt nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i b\u1edfi l\u00f2ng \u00edch k\u1ef7. \u00cdt nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, d\u00f9 ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu hay l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng trong giao d\u1ecbch. Nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfp thu v\u0103n h\u00f3a. C\u0169ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00ec c\u00f4ng \u00edch, \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. C\u00f2n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, s\u1ef1 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0110\u1ea5ng l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: \u0111\u1ee9c tin, h\u1ed3ng \u00e2n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t trong t\u00ecnh b\u00e1c \u00e1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, \u0110\u1ea5ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta tham gia nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 Cha c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d (PP 21).<\/p>\n

 Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i, th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y. C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u00e2n c\u01b0 l\u00e0m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1n trang l\u1edbn v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c (PP 24). C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00fat l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn (PP 25). T\u00ednh c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bt\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan trung gian (PP 33). Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 do (PP 58). Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t qu\u1ef9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (PP 51).<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i n\u1eb1m trong tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1edfi \u1ee6y ban Kinh t\u1ebf Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 Latinh v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ra\u00fal Prebisch. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a coi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi m\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a v\u1ed1n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u \u201cc\u01a1 c\u1ea5u\u201d n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda Nam. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ph\u00e2n chia lao \u0111\u1ed9ng theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eabn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 trong khi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. Khi \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u, \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t (1), ng\u00e0i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u00e0, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 Latinh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n danh t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 Latinh, h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Medell\u00edn, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968. B\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n b\u1edfi tai ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng tr\u00ean l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi (2). C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n R\u00f4ma l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chung cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c n\u0103m 1971, Justitia in mundo<\/em> (JM), v\u00e0 trong t\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n h\u1eadu th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI n\u0103m 1975, Evangelii Nuntiandi<\/em> (EN) . R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u201cch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi\u201d, do \u0111\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng: \u201cN\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u1ecd th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n, s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf\u201d (JM 16). Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n danh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u00ean thi\u00ean t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 tham gia.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m sau Populorum Progressio<\/em>, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, Sollicitudo rei socialis<\/em> (SRS), v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1987. Ng\u00e0i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch lu\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00f4ng \u00edch. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, ng\u00e0i t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u201cph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c\u201d \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c (SRS 28). S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 theo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a. V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch suy ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0110\u1ea5ng C\u1ee9u Chu\u1ed9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (SRS 30-31). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u00e1i l\u00f4g\u00edc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch b\u1edfi l\u00f2ng ham mu\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khao kh\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u201cb\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u00e1 n\u00e0o\u201d. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c ngang qua vi\u1ec7c th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi, v\u1ed1n \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3\u201d m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201cquy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec c\u00f4ng \u00edch [\u2026] b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d (SRS 38). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00f9ng n\u0103m 1987, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cBruntland\u201d c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai (3), di\u1ec5n ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u1eabn kh\u00e1 k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n do Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng vang c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng trong b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t do PNUD (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c) th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1990. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf Mahbud Ul Haq v\u00e0 Amartya Sen , t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 “ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n” v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (IDH) v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng, nh\u01b0 PIB (T\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i), \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n (4). V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y: gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 trao quy\u1ec1n cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong \u1edf tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe b\u00e0 m\u1eb9, ch\u1ed1ng VIH\/Sida, s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng , thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00edt nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n trong Populorum Progressio<\/em>. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 Caritas Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hay \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c CCFD-Terre solidaire \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t n\u0103m 2000, chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m x\u00f3a n\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 trong di\u1ec5n ng\u00f4n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i (SRS 19), v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f9y v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay kinh t\u1ebf (5). T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

 \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI <\/strong><\/p>\n

Hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II, ch\u00ednh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI t\u00e1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009. Trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Caritas in veritate<\/em> (CV), ng\u00e0i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u1edf ra cho si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c (CV 78). Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t \u201ct\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi\u201d (CV 21). Chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi (CV 34), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean v\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (CV. 53). Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh h\u00f3a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ef1c, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u00edch (CV 36). Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i coi l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (CV 44).<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Caritas in Veritate<\/em>, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (CV 48). Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, t\u1eebng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00e1 ng\u1ea1i ng\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, l\u1ea1i \u0111ang l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ng\u00e0i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 (CV 48-51). Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi m\u1edbi m\u1ebb gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong manh nh\u1ea5t m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u201cs\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u201d, theo ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi. M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong manh nh\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y nay lu\u00f4n song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1edfi th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4, Laudato si’<\/em> (LS).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1edbi cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Paris v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha, m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, v\u1ed1n \u0111ang b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i b\u1edfi ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Laudato si\u2019<\/em> nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau: c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a (LS 49, LS 66, LS 237). \u201cNg\u00e0y nay, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em>, v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp c\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o<\/em>\u201d (LS 49).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u201cchuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cx\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9\u201d (LS 194). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi l\u00f4g\u00edc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed v\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt “d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf” v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (LS 193). Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u xa \u1edf b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. N\u00f3 ngang qua vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cquy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u01a1i s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng \u00edch (Cf. LS 137-162).<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi Laudato si\u2019<\/em>, m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y\u201d (LS 3), g\u1ea7n n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m sau Populorum Progressio<\/em>. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n mong manh nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, c\u1ea3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i thi\u00eang li\u00eang: \u201ccu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng sinh th\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m s\u00e2u xa\u201d (LS 217).<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, trong nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 tranh lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau xung quanh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf hay x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau ch\u00ed, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb trong t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u01a1n g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e9goire Catta, s.j., Ban Gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1p<\/em><\/p>\n

—————————————–<\/p>\n

(1) Michael Sutton, “Les contingences d\u2019une encyclique : Populorum progressio<\/em>” In Les chr\u00e9tiens et l\u2019\u00e9conomie<\/em> \/ Colloque de l’Association fran\u00e7aise d’Histoire religieuse contemporaine<\/em>, sous la direction de Andr\u00e9 Encrev\u00e9, Paris, Centurion, 1991. p. 31-155.<\/p>\n

(2) CELAM, L’\u00c9glise dans la transformation actuelle de l’Am\u00e9rique latine \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re du Concile Vatican II: conclusions de Medell\u00edn 1968<\/em>, trad. Charles Antoine. Paris, Cerf, 1992.<\/p>\n

(3) \u1ee6y ban th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c, T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/em>, New York, 1987.<\/p>\n

(4) PNUD, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1990<\/em>, New York, Economica, 1990.<\/p>\n

(5) Xem th\u00eam : H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 C\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ; m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/em> (27 \/12\/ 1986), Paris, Cerf, 1987.<\/p>\n

—————————————-<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/em><\/p>\n

(ngu\u1ed3n : CERAS<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,31,32,33,8,48,9],"tags":[63,56,120,100,142,96,137],"class_list":["post-25909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoc-thuyet-xa-hoi","category-luan-ly","category-nhan-ban","category-tam-linh","category-the-gioi","category-ty-linh","category-viet-nam","tag-bac-ai-lien-doi","tag-benedicto-xvi","tag-cong-ly","tag-hoa-binh","tag-moi-truong","tag-nhan-pham","tag-phanxico-i"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25909"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25919,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25909\/revisions\/25919"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}