{"id":26870,"date":"2023-10-20T15:32:08","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T08:32:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=26870"},"modified":"2023-10-20T15:32:08","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T08:32:08","slug":"an-tu-hinh-va-su-thay-doi-ve-lap-truong-cua-giao-hoi-cong-giao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/an-tu-hinh-va-su-thay-doi-ve-lap-truong-cua-giao-hoi-cong-giao\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c1N T\u1eec H\u00ccNH V\u00c0 S\u1ef0 THAY \u0110\u1ed4I V\u1ec0 L\u1eacP TR\u01af\u1edcNG C\u1ee6A GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I C\u00d4NG GI\u00c1O"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00ean ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, \u0110\u1ea5ng k\u1ebf v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 cai qu\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0n v\u0169, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi b\u00e3i b\u1ecf h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f9 chung th\u00e2n m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u1ea9n d\u1ea5u.[1]<\/a> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ng\u00e0i ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng trong khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecdn t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m nguy hi\u1ec3m. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng: c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a mu\u1ed1n tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/strong>. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00e1n ph\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u00ean \u00e1n. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giam gi\u1eef hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1n t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

Song song nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i \u00dac v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng (Indonesia) c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft x\u1eed t\u1eed hai t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dac, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Andrew Chan v\u00e0 Myuran Sukamaran v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i danh bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu ma t\u00fay m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p Andrew Chan v\u00e0 Myuran Sukumaran \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng sau ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u1edf Denpasar. Jakarta cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. \u1ea2nh: Bay Ismoyo\/AFP\/Getty Images.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dac \u0111\u00e3 loan tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf c\u00e1c Ti\u1ec3u Bang nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 cho phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh,[3]<\/a> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i Giao, b\u00e0 Julian Bishop <\/strong>v\u00e0 c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Di Tr\u00fa, \u00f4ng Philip Ruddock<\/strong>,[4]<\/a> \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e3y b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng Joko Widodo<\/strong>, h\u00e3y \u00e2n x\u00e1 cho hai t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh.[5]<\/a><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, c\u00e1c l\u00fd do th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 coi \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

 D\u1eaaN NH\u1eacP:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201c\u00c1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh<\/strong>\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong ph\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00fa. Th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i \u00e1c kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n

\u201cGi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 Tin m\u1eebng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t Kinh th\u00e1nh \u2013 t\u1eeb St 9 \u0111\u1ebfn Rm 13 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c trong \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Kinh th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd.<\/em>\u201d[7]<\/a><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lu\u00e2n l\u00fd. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 bi\u1ec7n minh cho \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng t\u00ean t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p.[8]<\/a> Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh,[9]<\/a> v\u00ec xem \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nh\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lu\u00e2n l\u00fd.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin r\u1eb1ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1 s\u00e1t (gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi) th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u trong C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc: \u201cM\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ng, m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1n m\u1eaft, r\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1n r\u0103ng, tay \u0111\u1ec1n tay, ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u00e2n.\u201d (\u0110nl 19:21) Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 sau: c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh vi qu\u00e1 t\u00e0n \u00e1c v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Thomas Aquinas \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn. Ng\u00e0i cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c duy tr\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung.[11]<\/a> <\/p>\n

Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh qua c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc (Rm 13: 1-4),[12]<\/a>v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao ban quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Khi l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed9n tr\u1ecdng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p.<\/li>\n
  2. \u00c1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
  3. \u00c1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c thi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do l\u00f2ng h\u1eadn th\u00f9. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Innocent III n\u00f3i: Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec c\u0103m gh\u00e9t, nh\u01b0ng sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u00e0 suy x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng (Anti-Waldensians Profession, DS, s\u1ed1. 795).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00fd do thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n hay c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng sai s\u00f3t v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1eed h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch oan u\u1ed5ng. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o The Guardian<\/em> (29 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2014) \u0111\u00e3 cho ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ecf t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.[13]<\/a> V\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft \u00e1n k\u1ebb v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

    Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, theo nh\u01b0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y, \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 d\u00e2n da m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2n thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 cho r\u1eb1ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft.[14]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin r\u1eb1ng, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng khi b\u1eaft c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p hay g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u1ed9i tr\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb cam ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, h\u1ecd thi\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ecb b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, b\u1ecb t\u00e0n \u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c do x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i g\u00e2y n\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed mu\u1ed1n x\u00f3a b\u1ecf n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Trong b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Saint Louis v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1999, \u0110\u1ee9c C\u1ed1 Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i,<\/p>\n

    \u201cM\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a hy v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng, r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i, ngay c\u1ea3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecdng \u00e1c. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn cho t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed1i c\u1ea3i. T\u00f4i xin l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi d\u00e3 man v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/em>.\u201d[15]<\/a><\/p>\n

    T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 trong b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2014 v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1, Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi b\u00e3i b\u1ecf \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n

    \u201cT\u00f4i thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng<\/em>.\u201d[16]<\/a><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 l\u00ean \u00e1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu.[17]<\/a> Theo s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, s\u1ed1 2267 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2018)[18]<\/a>, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m nguy hi\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed t\u1eed nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i  nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i \u00e1c gh\u00ea gh\u1edbm, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra.[19]<\/a> <\/p>\n

    C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i suy t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00f3a b\u1ecf h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y n\u00ean, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ta l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi ph\u1ea1m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch giam gi\u1eef h\u1ecd trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.
      \n\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u00e1nt\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1ea7u kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ta l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m.
      \n3. H\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u00e1nt\u1eed h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh trung tr\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9, ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 \u01a1n c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Kinh Th\u00e1nh. Trong B\u00e0i Gi\u1ea3ng Tr\u00ean N\u00fai, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i.      [20]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      QUAN \u0110I\u1ec2M KINH TH\u00c1NH<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u00edch d\u1eabn C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong S\u00e1ng th\u1ebf k\u00fd 9:6, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc: \u201cAi \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec m\u00e1u n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 ra, v\u00ec Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.\u201d B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u1ed1 s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. \u201cC\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5m u\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u1edf, v\u00ec ch\u00ednh m\u00e1u l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5m u\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 ra t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, ngo\u00e0i m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u. (C\u00e1c) ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nh\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ea5t (c\u00e1c) ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u1edf, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i Ta ng\u1ef1; v\u00ec Ta l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa, Ta ng\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa con c\u00e1i \u00cdt-ra-en.\u201d (Ds 35:33-34). M\u00e1u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i l\u00e0m \u00f4 u\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh cho k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, khi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ban lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p cho M\u00f4i-s\u00ea, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c vi ph\u1ea1m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, lu\u1eadt M\u00f4i-s\u00ea v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u1ea7y Lu\u1eadt S\u0129 Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c t\u1ed1 t\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c nghi ng\u1edd, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadn m\u1eaft h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra,[21]<\/a> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebb b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng gian (ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i) th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u0169ng l\u00e3nh chung m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb c\u00e1o v\u1eady (xem s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb Lu\u1eadt, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 17 v\u00e0 19). L\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, cho n\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 hai\u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

       Trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi, c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n l\u1eabn \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. \u201cH\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai trong c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f4 ta.\u201d Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi h\u1ecd l\u00ean \u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n \u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Mat-th\u00ea-\u00f4 25, Luca 6). N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai l\u1ea7m, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng? Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb b\u1eaft ngo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3 tang (m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho r\u1eb1ng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0 Th\u1ea9m Ph\u00e1n hay l\u00e0 k\u1ebb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft.[22]<\/a><\/p>\n

      Ngo\u00e0i ra, T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh hi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u201cm\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 thay cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u201d ngang qua s\u1ef1 hy sinh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 tr\u00ean th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, x\u00f3a \u0111i nh\u1eefng nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1eddi C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf lu\u00e2n l\u00fd cho \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 trong th\u01b0 Do Th\u00e1i, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng10).[23]<\/a> Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u th\u00eam n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u00eang c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

      Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu c\u0169ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 qua nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng \u0111ang c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta; ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch l\u00e0 h\u00e3y y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tha th\u1ee9 cho nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00e1ch b\u1edb m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

       Khi Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 b\u1ecb x\u1eed t\u1eed, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9, ngang qua nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i trong khi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i: \u201cL\u1ea1y Cha, xin tha cho h\u1ecd.\u201d B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu thay th\u1ebf lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t v\u1edbi l\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i (Mt 5:23-4). Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng, l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng ai c\u1ed1 \u00fd h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, \u201cTa n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con, h\u00e3y y\u00eau k\u1ebb th\u00f9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c con, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Cha c\u00e1c con tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi\u201d (Mt 5:43-45).<\/p>\n

      SUY T\u01af V\u00c0 K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/strong><\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng: N\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u1eed h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t, th\u00ec li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p? Khi Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1ch thi h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u00e1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch chung cu\u1ed9c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh), th\u00ec th\u1eed h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang vai tr\u00f2 m\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 ban cho h\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

      Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y chay b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u01a1n c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c. M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u chu\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng trao n\u1ed9p m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0i cho k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 chu\u1ed9c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u00e0m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft thay cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n c\u00e1i c\u01a1 may v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 v\u1edbi anh ch\u1ecb em \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c l\u00f2ng \u0103n n\u0103n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi k\u1ecbch th\u00ea l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

       Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n: nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i duy\u1ec7t x\u00e9t t\u1eadn th\u00e2m cung c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng: m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta, theo m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f5a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng so v\u1edbi m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u01a1n c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i. Ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3 khi n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

       \u201cLi\u1ec7u gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n, li\u1ec7u nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f2i m\u1ea1ng, m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1n m\u1eaft, r\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1n r\u0103ng?\u201d \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng Y Joseph Bernardin t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3:  L.m. Tr\u1ea7n M\u1ea1nh H\u00f9ng, STD.<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Email: hungteaching@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n

      ————————————————————-<\/p>\n

      T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O<\/strong>.<\/p>\n