{"id":36209,"date":"2025-07-29T16:21:47","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T09:21:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=36209"},"modified":"2025-07-29T22:24:10","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T15:24:10","slug":"leo-ix-mot-giao-hoang-nguoi-duc-dung-lai-roma-va-doan-tuyet-voi-phuong-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/leo-ix-mot-giao-hoang-nguoi-duc-dung-lai-roma-va-doan-tuyet-voi-phuong-dong\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ca\u00d4 IX, M\u1ed8T GI\u00c1O HO\u00c0NG NG\u01af\u1edcI \u0110\u1ee8C D\u1ef0NG L\u1ea0I R\u00d4MA V\u00c0 \u0110O\u1ea0N TUY\u1ec6T V\u1edaI \u0110\u00d4NG PH\u01af\u01a0NG"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIV l\u00ean ngai t\u00f2a Ph\u00ear\u00f4, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 13 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng mang t\u00ean n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i. H\u00e3y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIV<\/em>. B\u00e0i 9: L\u00ea\u00f4 IX (1049-1054), v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch.<\/em><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 Th\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 suy \u0111\u1ed3i, \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 IX (1049-1054) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb Alsace-Lorraine, ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i ly gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1054.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI, T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh n\u1eb1m trong tay c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd l\u1edbn \u1edf R\u00f4ma \u0111ang tranh gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Otto I nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n sau cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 IX v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1032. V\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ebf tru\u1ea5t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, Sylvestre III, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u00e1n n\u00f3 cho ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Gr\u00e9goire VI v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1045. Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Henri III l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh can thi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb Sutri v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1046, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ebf tru\u1ea5t ba Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng. \u00d4ng b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c, Cl\u00e9ment II, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb. B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 IX c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng Henri III \u0111u\u1ed5i \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, Damase II, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t sau 17 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi Cl\u00e9ment II, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi g\u1ee3i l\u00ean tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf quay sang anh h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Bruno von Eguisheim-Dagsburg, T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Toul, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Cluny trong c\u00e1c \u0111an vi\u1ec7n Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3 Th\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh. Guibert de Toul, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y t\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u L\u00ea\u00f4 IX v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1049, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Lorraine \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc “cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4”<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o, L\u00ea\u00f4 IX \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n R\u00f4ma h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u00e0i kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc “cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4<\/em>“, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 VII (1073-1085), b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 IX \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng phong tr\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 \u0111an s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd Hildebrand de Soano, t\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ee9c Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 VII t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 IX \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i r\u1eddi R\u00f4ma nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 du h\u00e0nh sang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u0103m Reims, Bratislava v\u00e0 Cologne v\u00e0 tham gia m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb. Ng\u00e0i khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Norman v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Pisa chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ee9 Barbari v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i trong h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ng\u00e0i c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1ea1c gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, th\u00ec \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nam n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng R\u00f4ma n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Norman \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Ng\u00e0i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Norman \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft l\u00e0m t\u00f9 binh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1053. Sau ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng b\u1ecb giam c\u1ea7m, ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 R\u00f4ma trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u1ed1m n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1054.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, v\u00ec v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y c\u00f9ng n\u0103m, s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u1edf Constantinople, H\u1ed3ng y Humbert de Moyenmoutier, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u00fd \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u01a1ng cung th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Hagia Sophia m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 Michel C\u00e9rulaire I v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e1p l\u1ea1i, H\u1ed3ng y s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a R\u00f4ma v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng b\u1ecb Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 Michel C\u00e9rulaire I v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201ccu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i ly gi\u00e1o\u201d. Trong su\u1ed1t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 IX, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean cao \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai b\u00ean. Michel C\u00e9rulaire I, r\u1ea5t th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1edbi R\u00f4ma, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u00e1n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb filioque<\/em> trong Kinh Tin K\u00ednh – cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa Ch\u00faa Cha v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Con.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1965, ng\u00e0y \u00e1p ch\u00f3t c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 Ath\u00e9nagoras I c\u1ee7a Constantinople \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i H\u1ed3ng y Humbert de Moyenmoutier, c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 Michel C\u00e9rulaire I.<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh<\/em><\/p>\n

(theo Aleteia<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIV l\u00ean ngai t\u00f2a Ph\u00ear\u00f4, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 13 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng mang t\u00ean n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i. H\u00e3y kh\u00e1m […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,48],"tags":[168],"class_list":["post-36209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-gioi","category-ty-linh","tag-cac-thanh-nhan-vat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36209"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36209\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36222,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36209\/revisions\/36222"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}