{"id":36268,"date":"2025-08-01T11:04:21","date_gmt":"2025-08-01T04:04:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=36268"},"modified":"2025-08-01T11:04:21","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T04:04:21","slug":"leo-xi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/leo-xi\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ca\u00d4 XI, TRI\u1ec0U \u0110\u1ea0I GI\u00c1O HO\u00c0NG NG\u1eaeN NG\u1ee6I C\u1ee6A NG\u01af\u1edcI KI\u1ebeN T\u1ea0O S\u1ef0 H\u00d2A GI\u1ea2I V\u1edaI N\u01af\u1edaC PH\u00c1P C\u1ee6A HENRI IV"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIV l\u00ean ngai t\u00f2a Ph\u00ear\u00f4, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 13 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng mang t\u00ean n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i. H\u00e3y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIV<\/em>. B\u00e0i 11: L\u00ea\u00f4 XI, v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

H\u1ed3ng y de Medicis v\u00e0 Henri IV<\/em><\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XI v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1605 (26 ng\u00e0y) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u00edt d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00f4gic c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u, H\u1ed3ng y Alexandre de Medicis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Henri IV, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua theo \u0111\u1ea1o Tin l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1593.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1u trai c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea\u00f4 X v\u00e0 l\u00e0 anh h\u1ecd xa c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4me de M\u00e9dicis c\u1ee7a Florence, Alexandre de Medicis, sinh n\u0103m 1535, khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong D\u00f2ng \u0110a Minh \u1edf Florence v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 phong linh m\u1ee5c, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c gia \u0111\u00ecnh g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn R\u00f4ma \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 chu \u0111\u00e1o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao gi\u1ecfi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u00e1u v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Pistoia n\u0103m 1573, T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Florence n\u0103m 1574 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng y n\u0103m 1584, ng\u00e0i nghi\u00eam t\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi R\u00f4ma. Trong hai m\u1eadt ngh\u1ecb n\u0103m 1590 v\u00e0 1591, ng\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c H\u1ed3ng y kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea\u00f4 XI (wikipedia)<\/em><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i t\u1edb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0i tr\u00e1nh xa nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi phe Ph\u00e1p – \u0111\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Florence thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00ec xa c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, Catherine de Medicis, k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Vua Henri II v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1547. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a vua c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Habsburg c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha. C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Cl\u00e9ment VIII, H\u1ed3ng y de Medicis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Henri IV, sau khi v\u1ecb vua n\u00e0y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1593. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1595, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn Paris v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1596. S\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Gallican \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi vua Ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trent\u00f4, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1563.<\/p>\n

 H\u1ed3ng y de Medicis \u0111\u00e3 xoay x\u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch: Henri IV ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1596, v\u00e0 H\u1ed3ng y de Medicis \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh Vervins v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1598, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha. Nh\u01b0ng Vua Ph\u00e1p sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Trent\u00f4 v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n ly h\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi Marie de Medicis, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng xa v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng y. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch, H\u1ed3ng y de Medicis \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i R\u00f4ma, n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn. N\u0103m 1599, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Henri IV v\u1edbi Marguerite de Valois v\u00e0, sau cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng Marie, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1eed h\u00e0nh b\u00ed t\u00edch R\u1eeda t\u1ed9i cho vua Louis XIII t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 t\u1eeb phe T\u00e2y Ban Nha.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 m\u1eadt ngh\u1ecb n\u0103m 1605 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra: H\u1ed3ng y de Medici l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a phe Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi H\u1ed3ng y C\u00e9sar Baronio, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c th\u00e2n c\u1eadn v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh Philip Neri. \u0110\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i, phe T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 phe \u00dd s\u1ebd tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. B\u1ecb vua T\u00e2y Ban Nha ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n, H\u1ed3ng y Baronio, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Medicis l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, l\u1ea5y t\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 L\u00ea\u00f4 XI \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 L\u00ea\u00f4 X. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 4, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, L\u00ea\u00f4 XI, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 69 tu\u1ed5i, b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh trong th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng cung th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Saint-Jean-des-Florentins. V\u00e0 ng\u00e0i qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27\/4\/1605.<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh<\/em><\/p>\n

(theo Aleteia<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIV l\u00ean ngai t\u00f2a Ph\u00ear\u00f4, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 13 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng mang t\u00ean n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i. H\u00e3y kh\u00e1m […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36271,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,48],"tags":[168],"class_list":["post-36268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-gioi","category-ty-linh","tag-cac-thanh-nhan-vat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36268"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36268\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36272,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36268\/revisions\/36272"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36268"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36268"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}