{"id":12550,"date":"2020-09-27T08:20:06","date_gmt":"2020-09-27T01:20:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=12550"},"modified":"2021-04-13T07:33:56","modified_gmt":"2021-04-13T00:33:56","slug":"giao-hoi-viet-nam-hom-qua-va-hom-nay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/giao-hoi-viet-nam-hom-qua-va-hom-nay\/","title":{"rendered":"GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I VI\u1ec6T NAM H\u00d4M QUA V\u00c0 H\u00d4M NAY"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u1ea7y hoang mang v\u00e0 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh do c\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch Covid c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian ghi d\u1ea5u 60 n\u0103m H\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea9m C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1eadt ti\u1ebfc v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i m\u1eebng Ng\u1ecdc Kh\u00e1nh trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m vui. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u hay, v\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n nay \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

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T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n quan s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng[1]<\/a> Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u01b0\u1edbt nh\u00ecn 60 n\u0103m qua c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra, g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u00f5 c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a trong nhau, thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

I. NH\u00ccN L\u1ea0I CH\u1eb6NG \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG 60 N\u0102M QUA<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t b\u1ee9c tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho t\u1edbi nay. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i l\u1ecdt th\u1ecfm trong b\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi n\u00f3. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian 60 n\u0103m qua th\u00e0nh ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n

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  1. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn B\u1eafc-Nam s\u00f4i b\u1ecfng (1960-1975)<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    H\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea9m Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp qua S\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 Venerabilium nostrorum<\/em>, ng\u00e0y 24.11.1960. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1u n\u0103m sau bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 chia \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc (1954), v\u1edbi h\u01a1n n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o di c\u01b0 t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u00e0o Nam, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n 800 linh m\u1ee5c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nam n\u1eef tu s\u0129. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eeba m\u1edbi k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 300 n\u0103m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp hai gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u0110\u00e0ng Trong v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, 1659), v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i. Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t Nam-B\u1eafc th\u00ec n\u0103m 1960 ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1ed1n s\u1ebd leo thang kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    –<\/strong> T\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc<\/em><\/strong>, nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ng\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f2n. Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n (\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh tr\u00ean 50%) di c\u01b0 v\u00e0o Nam \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o m\u1ecfng \u0111i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. \u0110\u00e1ng ghi nh\u1eadn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c di c\u01b0 t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Thanh H\u00f3a th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n tr\u00ean b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n (88,9% linh m\u1ee5c di c\u01b0 so v\u1edbi 20,6% gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n di c\u01b0!). H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u00eam r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean vai c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c \u1edf l\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 cao tu\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Peter Hansen nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u00e2y:[2]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    <\/td>\nS\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n di c\u01b0<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n di c\u01b0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ed1 linh m\u1ee5c di c\u01b0<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 linh m\u1ee5c di c\u01b0<\/strong><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/td>\n50.000<\/td>\n33,4%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n115<\/td>\n55,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng<\/td>\n60.000<\/td>\n52,3%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n79<\/td>\n80,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Vinh<\/td>\n57.080<\/td>\n31,7%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n70<\/td>\n39,3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B\u00f9i Chu<\/td>\n150.000<\/td>\n71,7%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n150<\/td>\n77,7%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H\u01b0ng H\u00f3a<\/td>\n8.000<\/td>\n11,8%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n23<\/td>\n28,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B\u1eafc Ninh<\/td>\n38.000<\/td>\n55,9%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n75,0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00e1t Di\u1ec7m<\/td>\n80.000<\/td>\n72,7%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n139<\/td>\n87,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Thanh H\u00f3a<\/td>\n18.500<\/td>\n20,6%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n64<\/td>\n88,9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh<\/td>\n80.000<\/td>\n57,1%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n79<\/td>\n70,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n<\/td>\n2.500<\/td>\n50,0%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n14<\/td>\n58,3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f2n \u00ea \u1ea9m h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. Nhi\u1ec1u linh m\u1ee5c, ch\u1ee7ng sinh, tu s\u0129, gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00f9, ch\u1ebft r\u0169 t\u00f9, hay b\u1ecb qu\u1ea3n ch\u1ebf. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00edn h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n hay ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a linh m\u1ee5c trong th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf ngo\u00e0i Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0ng mang danh ngh\u0129a \u2018C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o\u2019 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh h\u00e0m h\u1ed3. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7ng sinh do ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c xoay x\u1edf c\u00e1ch ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt t\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c g\u1eaft gao, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c \u2018non\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018chui\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc.[3]<\/a> Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n v\u0169, ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn cho t\u1edbi m\u00e3i v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    Chi\u1ebfn tranh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng leo thang, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 (tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t oanh k\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c M\u1ef9) nh\u01b0ng to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60 v\u00e0 70. Nh\u00ecn chung, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    – T\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam<\/em><\/strong>, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a bom \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00f3i l\u1eeda chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t an th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ee7 tr\u00f9m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n so v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, con s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o di c\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn ph\u00eda B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt l\u00ean h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960,[4]<\/a> th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi nghi ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. \u0110\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai v\u1ecb nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a hai n\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u00edn h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n chi\u1ebfn tranh hay kh\u1ea9n hoang l\u1eadp \u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60 v\u00e0 70 th\u01b0\u1eddng do c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4 nhi vi\u1ec7n\u2026 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1o.[5]<\/a> Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o linh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho hai gi\u00e1o t\u1ec9nh. Vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c \u0111i tu nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e2ng cao \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c tu s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc di\u1ec5n ra thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. N\u00f3i chung, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u00f9 s\u1ed1 t\u00edn h\u1eefu ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 10% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

    M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c \u1ea5y s\u1edbm cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i m\u00e0 th\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 thanh th\u1ebf. Trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o b\u1ecb h\u00fat v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda th\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i, d\u00f9 mu\u1ed1n hay kh\u00f4ng. Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 30.4.1975 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 c\u00e1o chung c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n Nam, v\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y cho\u00e1ng v\u00e1ng cho ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. C\u01a1n kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng sau chi\u1ebfn tranh (1975-1990) <\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      M\u1ed1c 1990 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ec hai l\u00fd do. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eddi gian b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tho\u00e1ng m\u1edf h\u01a1n t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u2018\u0110\u1ed5i M\u1edbi\u2019 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft ngh\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1986. Hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 qui chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n 21 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111i ad limina<\/em>, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 C\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh Tu\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 11, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1eebng k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 30 n\u0103m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea9m Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1960-1990). \u0110\u00e2y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1 trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Nh\u1eadt n\u00f3i trong l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II t\u1ea1i R\u00f4ma h\u00f4m \u1ea5y: \u201cCh\u00fang con c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p m\u00e0 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111em l\u1ea1i. Qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh tan c\u00e1i thinh l\u1eb7ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn cho tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u th\u1eafng, m\u1edf ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em>\u201d.[7]<\/a> M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n nh\u1edb m\u1edbi hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (1988), ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean th\u00e1nh cho 117 v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh Tu\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 tuy\u00ean th\u00e1nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1i \u201cn\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1\u201d m\u00e0 v\u1ecb Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c l\u00fac \u1ea5y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gay go ti\u1ebfp theo sau cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3i k\u00e9m do thi\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfn tranh li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam (1978) v\u00e0 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda B\u1eafc (1979). B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1eadp trung c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m linh m\u1ee5c t\u1eebng l\u00e0 tuy\u00ean \u00fay qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. L\u00e0n s\u00f3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean d\u1ea5y l\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n r\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

      Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 n\u01a1i v\u1eeba chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169 sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 th\u1edd b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb tr\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n. Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c, b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m, thuy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafc trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3. C\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c, tu s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecb phong t\u1ecfa ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i!<\/p>\n

      Gi\u1eefa ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u1ea5y, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1980, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nhau ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n qui ch\u1ebf cho c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 Th\u01b0 Chung 1980<\/em>, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m k\u1ebft trong hai \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh: (1) T\u00edch c\u1ef1c g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c; (2) X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.[8]<\/a> T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1c quan v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u2013 ngay gi\u1eefa ng\u1ed5n ngang nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho d\u00e2n Ch\u00faa s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eed th\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. Nhi\u1ec1u linh m\u1ee5c, tu s\u0129, gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n n\u00eau ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 Tin M\u1eebng trong nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 hay n\u01a1i qu\u1ea3n ch\u1ebf, trong c\u00e1c \u2018tr\u1ea1i c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o\u2019, c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00f9ng kinh t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi khung c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u00f9 t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a C\u1ed1 H\u1ed3ng y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thu\u1eadn (nay l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0110\u00e1ng K\u00ednh) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc (t\u1eeb 1990 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay)<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 tan r\u00e3, t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eadm m\u00e0u \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 (ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 \u2018ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c L\u00eanin v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch mu\u00f4n n\u0103m!\u2019) v\u1ed1n s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi th\u00ec nay d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u2018\u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp\u2019 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00f2 d\u1eabm th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u2018n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u2019. Song song v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay da \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ecbt. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng, s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, s\u1ef1 thao t\u00fang c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nh\u1eefng tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kho\u00e9t s\u00e2u cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p h\u01a1n. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di d\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 m\u1edbi cho s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

        Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2018c\u1edfi tr\u00f3i\u2019 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf c\u1eeda v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 vi\u1ec7c tr\u00f9ng tu v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9, gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn, d\u00f2ng tu\u2026 Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 m\u1eebng \u2018ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng\u2019, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i, h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ea7m u\u1ea5t tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n xung quanh vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh N\u0103m Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa h\u1ed3i n\u0103m 2010 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed r\u1ed9n r\u1ecbp c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

        Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u1eb1ng co c\u00e1ch \u00e2m \u1ec9, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u00f9ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 xung \u0111\u1ed9t khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u0103m 1988, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Chi (\u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng) r\u1ed3i \u0110\u1ee9c cha Nguy\u1ec5n Kim \u0110i\u1ec1n (Hu\u1ebf) l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1eddi sau nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7y s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. C\u0169ng n\u0103m n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch sau 13 n\u0103m t\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ph\u00f3 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n; n\u0103m 1991, ng\u00e0i \u0111i R\u00f4ma v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eefa. N\u0103m 1993, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Nghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m qu\u1ea3n T\u00f4ng T\u00f2a S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ng\u00e0i thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5; ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t gian nan \u0111\u1ec3 chu to\u00e0n b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1998, khi gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi. N\u0103m 2008, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Ng\u00f4 Quang Ki\u1ec7t, t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, b\u1ecb c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng l\u00ean \u00e1n k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t xung quanh v\u1ee5 tranh ch\u1ea5p khu \u0111\u1ea5t T\u00f2a Kh\u00e2m S\u1ee9 c\u0169; hai n\u0103m sau, 2010, ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111i h\u01b0u tr\u00ed \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 58. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai gay g\u1eaft gi\u1eefa Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Th\u00e1i H\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Chi\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n, th\u00eam c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 C\u1ed3n D\u1ea7u (\u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng), gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng M\u1ebfn Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 Th\u1ee7 Thi\u00eam, V\u01b0\u1eddn rau L\u1ed9c H\u01b0ng (TP. HCM), v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0110an Vi\u1ec7n Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ee9c Thi\u00ean An (Hu\u1ebf). \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i c\u1ed9m h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7y l\u1ee3n c\u1ee3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn h\u01a1n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb g\u00f3p \u00fd r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 xin-cho. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u0103m 2012, \u1ee6y Ban C\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u201cNh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay<\/em>\u201d; n\u0103m 2013, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng V\u1ee5 H\u0110GMVN g\u1eedi \u201cTh\u01b0 G\u00f3p \u00dd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i Hi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p<\/em>\u201d; n\u0103m 2016, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u201cG\u00f3p \u00fd v\u1ec1 D\u1ef1 Th\u1ea3o Lu\u1eadt T\u00edn Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o<\/em>\u201d. N\u1ed9i dung c\u00e1c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean bao qu\u00e1t nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o), v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf\u2026 D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp thu t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

        Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng tr\u00f9ng tu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i r\u1ed9n r\u1ecbp nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u00ean kia, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0: ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Caritas \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p; s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o; c\u00e1c sinh ho\u1ea1t h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, t\u0129nh t\u00e2m, th\u01b0\u1eddng hu\u1ea5n c\u1ea5p to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c hay gi\u00e1o t\u1ec9nh, gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn; c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m B\u1ea3o V\u1ec7 S\u1ef1 S\u1ed1ng, Sinh Vi\u00ean C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, Cursillo, DOCAT, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh; nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c canh t\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o l\u00fd; c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc d\u00e0nh cho gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn; s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i d\u00f2ng, tu h\u1ed9i; nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c canh t\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o linh m\u1ee5c\u2026 T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y: \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Phanxic\u00f4.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

        Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c t\u1eed trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m: Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ed9 l\u00ean c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o \u201cS\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p t\u1eeb tr\u1eddi\u201d;[10]<\/a> nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o L\u00f2ng Ch\u00faa Th\u01b0\u01a1ng X\u00f3t;[11]<\/a> nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tin \u0111\u1ed3n gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n, tr\u1eeb qu\u1ec9, ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00f4i khi r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng\u2026 C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb h\u01a1n trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee9c tin, nh\u01b0: nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn bu\u00f4ng theo c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng duy v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n trong nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m \u0103n b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i;[12]<\/a> hay th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 th\u1edd \u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra xung quanh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 d\u1eef lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 d\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn.[13]<\/a> C\u00e1c \u2018tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng\u2019 n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u, thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00e3n t\u00ednh \u1edf t\u1ea7m s\u00e2u h\u01a1n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 cho khung c\u1ea3nh m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

        Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 to\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng 60 n\u0103m qua c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u gam m\u00e0u, hay \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u cung b\u1eadc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n v\u0169 v\u1ed1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00f3t hai ng\u00e0n n\u0103m. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o theo Tin M\u1eebng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u2018\u00f4n c\u1ed1 tri t\u00e2n\u2019, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n 60 n\u0103m \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 s\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

        \n

        II. TH\u1eec \u0110\u1eccC L\u1ea0I C\u00c2U CHUY\u1ec7N T\u1eea L\u0102NG K\u00cdNH S\u1ee8 M\u1ea0NG<\/p>\n

        Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i 60 n\u0103m qua, ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ai ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 chi ph\u1ed1i s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng trong b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ngay c\u1ea3 h\u00f4m nay. Thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh qua m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean m\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

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        1. C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 gai g\u00f3c. C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u xa trong s\u1ef1 xung kh\u1eafc \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin. Sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m (1945), khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u00ec th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00ean \u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y chay, theo s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y.[14]<\/a> Cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 h\u1ed3i 1954 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n (hay t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n) C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. N\u1ebfu Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, th\u00ec giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1975-1990 c\u1ea3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh n\u1eb1m trong qu\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1o \u1ea5y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, c\u1ea7n m\u1edf ngo\u1eb7c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1eb1ng trong nh\u00e3n quan s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng th\u00ec s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u2018ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 sao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u2019 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng! M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng t\u1eeb nh\u00e3n quan s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n c\u1ea3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975 n\u1eefa, l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u2018kh\u00f4ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n\u2019, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 do ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u1ebf quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 do th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft \u1ea5y.[15]<\/a> R\u1ed3i ba th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2018\u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp\u2019, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1edbi l\u1ecfng h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n trong qui chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n

          C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd, v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II (1962-1965), Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1eadp trung quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t l\u00ean \u00e1n C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1edfi m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n (x. Lumen gentium<\/em> 16; Gaudium et spes<\/em> 21). H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1973, trong \u201cTh\u01b0 g\u1eedi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>\u201d, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra b\u1edbt gay g\u1eaft v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. R\u1ed3i trong Tuy\u00ean Ng\u00f4n<\/em> \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1974, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 hai mi\u1ec1n Nam B\u1eafc ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn huynh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.[17]<\/a> Ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng sau 1975, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp theo cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra, d\u00f9 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c t\u1eed Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ecdn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

          \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u2013 d\u00f9 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp b\u1edfi B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ngay khi cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 1954 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. \u1ede gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh minh b\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. Trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0110\u1ee9c cha L\u00ea \u0110\u1eafc Tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cH\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111i Nam c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i hay c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i?\u201d, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i qui chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng theo Tin M\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, v\u1ecb gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c n\u00eau l\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau: (1) \u1ede l\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc theo tinh th\u1ea7n g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n chi\u00ean l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu m\u1ee5c t\u1eed; (2) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o v\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c theo l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, x\u00e9t m\u00ecnh kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00ean tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea7y v\u1edbi B\u1ec1 Tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh; (3) M\u1ee5c t\u1eed n\u00e0o ra \u0111i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, theo l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang cho m\u00ecnh, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao ph\u00f3, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.[18]<\/a><\/p>\n

          C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn, ch\u00ednh trong th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1ea5y m\u00e0 xung quanh bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 30.4.1975, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c n\u00e0o \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam r\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n chi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd do bi\u1ec7n minh \u0111\u1ec3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i bu\u00f4ng r\u01a1i s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng, ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t khi s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n. V\u00e2ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a men Tin M\u1eebng th\u00ec kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u2018ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 sao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u2019. B\u1edfi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i th\u00ec l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i! Trong c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i![19]<\/a><\/p>\n

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          1. C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            N\u0103m 1980, khi ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u201ct\u00edch c\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c\u201d c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u201cx\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai l\u00fd do. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n xa l\u1ea1 m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n x\u00f3a b\u1edbt kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

            Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i \u201ccu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 nghi th\u1ee9c Trung Hoa\u201d h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u cho s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t ba th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Trung Hoa (t\u1eeb 1939) v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam (t\u1eeb 1964) c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00f4n k\u00ednh t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0 con l\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u201ctheo \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u00f4ng b\u00e0<\/em>\u201d.[20]<\/a> Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng \u2018tr\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/em>\u2019 (church planting<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1eeba sai T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qua c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ngo\u1ea1i lai b\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i nh\u00e3n \u2018ngo\u1ea1i lai\u2019 \u1ea5y, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u2018t\u1ed9i\u2019 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o th\u1eddi c\u00e1c vua ch\u00faa tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1ch h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, gieo r\u1eafc s\u1ef1 nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c thanh l\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00e9t \u2018ngo\u1ea1i lai\u2019 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1i ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c \u2018tr\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/em>\u2019 trong s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng ad gentes<\/em> v\u00e0 trong n\u1ec1n m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.[21]<\/a> Chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/em> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/em>.[22]<\/a><\/p>\n

            Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng \u2018\u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i ba m\u1eb7t\u2019 (triple dialogue) c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u (FABC), C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00f9 gi\u1eefa bao kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a – trong Ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3. Ng\u00e0y nay, xu th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111a nguy\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp h\u01a1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i xung quanh m\u00ecnh. C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1edbt t\u00ednh \u2018\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o\u2019 so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ngay c\u1ea3 so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00f4n qu\u00ea b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u00edt \u2018to\u00e0n t\u00f2ng\u2019 h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 d\u00f9 mu\u1ed1n hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1. Trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u2018missio inter gentes<\/em>\u2019, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft nh\u00e3n quan th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a FABC, trong \u0111\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 \u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi l\u00e0m mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0m men t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

            M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i tai ti\u1ebfng \u2018ngo\u1ea1i lai\u2019 (m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o b\u1ecb g\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f5 \u0111o\u00e1n) v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 lu\u00f4n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u1edf t\u1ea7m s\u00e2u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/em>. V\u1edbi k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m bi th\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u2018gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u2019, r\u1ed3i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u2018hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda Trung qu\u1ed1c\u2019, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf l\u00ean ng\u00f4i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3,[23]<\/a> th\u00ec s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 trong khi \u0111\u1ec1 cao l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c, v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1i b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan.[24]<\/a> B\u1edfi Tin M\u1eebng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 l\u00e0 Tin M\u1eebng ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t, v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ecdi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Tin M\u1eebng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 ti\u00ean v\u00e0n l\u00e0 Tin M\u1eebng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o (x. Lc 4,18tt.). Nh\u01b0ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u1eefa, c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. H\u01a1n ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u2018\u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp\u2019, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o c\u0169ng gia t\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ee9c nh\u1ed1i. Con s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi si\u00eau gi\u00e0u v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng.[25]<\/a> H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 kho\u00e9t s\u00e2u th\u00eam s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1i v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o. D\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u0103m th\u1eb3m v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111a s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ngh\u00e8o tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m \u0103n sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn; v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

              Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 c\u00e1i ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u2018c\u1ee9u linh h\u1ed3n<\/em>\u2019 (soul saving<\/em>) xem ra v\u1eabn con v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ea5n trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c t\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u00edn h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tin M\u1eebng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 l\u00e0 Tin M\u1eebng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho \u2018ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed3n\u2019 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta! Th\u1ef1c ra, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u2013 d\u00f9 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y v\u00e0 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 Th\u01b0 Chung h\u1eadu \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa<\/em> (2011) c\u1ee7a H\u0110GMVN \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp (x. s\u1ed1 41). \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ngay t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd r\u1eb1ng:[26]<\/a><\/p>\n

              Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ngh\u00e8o m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. M\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u00e9 nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o. M\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1m no \u00e1o \u1ea5m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m\u2026 <\/em><\/p>\n

              \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u2018m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh\u2019 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf b\u00e9, d\u1ec5 h\u00f2a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o: nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n, \u00edt b\u1ec1 th\u1ebf, \u00edt c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n e d\u00e8 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i khi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1edf ra h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. Sau c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh b\u00ed t\u00edch hay<\/em> ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, n\u00e2ng cao v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o\u2026 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng rao gi\u1ea3ng Tin M\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, m\u00e0 Tin M\u1eebng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u2018ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, k\u1ebb qu\u00e8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1ch, k\u1ebb \u0111i\u1ebfc nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n

              Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng thanh v\u1edbi FABC trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u201c\u01b0u ti\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o\u201d, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cm\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ngh\u00e8o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o\u201d.[27]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i – b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh – g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 n\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0 n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng, b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, thi\u1ebfu t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i, vv\u2026[28]<\/a> M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean can ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh theo c\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. N\u00f3i t\u1eaft, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 th\u1eeba sai c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 (x. Gaudium et spes<\/em> 1).
              \nIII. K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/p>\n

              C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c l\u1eadp v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 60 n\u0103m qua c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u1ea5y s\u1ebd qui h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng theo Tin M\u1eebng, l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa (missio Dei<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 thi h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trao cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i trong Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

              M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi hay Tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em><\/strong>, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh dung, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 M\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0m n\u00ean chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ee7ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, c\u00f2n chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh n\u00e0y. Theo \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ednh, n\u00f3 qui chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u b\u00ean trong h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. S\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn, d\u00f9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, l\u00fac n\u00e0o v\u00e0 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o, thu\u1eadn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ecbch. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng \u01b0\u1edbc mong, nh\u01b0ng trong vi\u1ec5n \u1ea3nh Tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u00ec m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi \u2013 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111a nguy\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

              Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng Tri\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa s\u1ebd gi\u00fap H\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea9m C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00edn h\u1eefu x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/em><\/strong> \u0111\u1ea7y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng<\/em><\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 thao th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh cha Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0u mang v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 ngay trong T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i (Evangelii gaudium \/ Ni\u1ec1m vui Tin M\u1eebng<\/em>, 2013).<\/p>\n

              =========================================<\/p>\n

              Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/span><\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>\n

              [1]<\/a> \u2018S\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng\u2019 hay \u2018s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng th\u1eeba sai\u2019 hay \u2018c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c Ph\u00fac \u00e2m h\u00f3a\u2019 hay \u2018loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng\u2019\u2026 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. M\u1ecdi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng theo Tin M\u1eebng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. V\u1ec1 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u2018s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng\u2019 (missio<\/em>) v\u00e0 \u2018s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5\u2019 (ministerio<\/em>), v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n hai t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u2018truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

              [2]<\/a> PETER HANSEN, \u201cBac Di Cu: Catholic Refugees from the North of Vietnam, and Their Role in the Southern Republic, 1954\u20131959\u201d, Journal of Vietnamese Studies<\/em>, Vol. 4, No. 3, (2009), 173 -211.<\/p>\n

              [3]<\/a> Nh\u01b0 \u1edf gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn B\u00f9i Chu, ng\u00e0y 8.12.1963, gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c cho 28 th\u1ea7y theo t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, trong \u0111\u00f3 22 th\u1ea7y \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 21, 22, 23, t\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t tu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u theo gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt. X. http:\/\/gpbuichu.org\/linh-muc-giao-phan\/<\/a> (truy c\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 01.9.2020).<\/p>\n

              [4]<\/a> Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1eed h\u00e0nh Ph\u00e9p R\u1eeda c\u00f9ng l\u00fac cho c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm, nh\u01b0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1ed9c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Qui Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng.<\/p>\n

              [5]<\/a> N\u1eeda sau th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960, chi\u1ebfn tranh leo thang, nhi\u1ec1u x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o mi\u1ec1n qu\u00ea b\u1ecb bom \u0111\u1ea1n c\u00e0y x\u1edbi d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cha s\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn mi\u1ec1n Trung. Sau Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Paris (1973), r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 di c\u01b0 v\u00e0o ph\u00eda Nam \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea9n hoang l\u1eadp \u1ea5p, c\u0169ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cha s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

              [6]<\/a> M\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 10% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 (t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3) C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 30% d\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi 3 v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o; trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 9\/14 t\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 14\/18 t\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o; trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 4\/12 b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o; trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, 3 trong s\u1ed1 16 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1963, tr\u1eeb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o\u201d. X. TR\u1ea6N TR\u1eccNG TRUNG, M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u00e1u \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng<\/em>, T\u1eadp 2, nxb. V\u0103n Ngh\u1ec7 TP HCM, (1987), tr. 212.<\/p>\n

              [7]<\/a> TR\u1ea6N ANH D\u0168NG (ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean), H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam: 1980-2000<\/em>, (kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n), tr. 41-42.<\/p>\n

              [8]<\/a> x. H\u0110GMVN, Th\u01b0 Chung 1980<\/em>, s\u1ed1 9.<\/p>\n

              [9]<\/a> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng ghi nh\u1eadn h\u01a1n nh\u01b0: (1) Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tham d\u1ef1 Li\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u (FABC) sau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 cao \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 10 c\u1ee7a FABC \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Xu\u00e2n L\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2012; (2) S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tham d\u1ef1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u n\u0103m 1998, v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n Ecclesia in Asia<\/em> do \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00f3; (3) S\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh N\u0103m Th\u00e1nh 2000 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang; (4) S\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4.<\/p>\n

              [10]<\/a> V\u1ec1 phong tr\u00e0o n\u00e0y, xin xem: https:\/\/hdgmvietnam.com\/chi-tiet\/nhan-dinh-ve-phong-trao-su-diep-tu-troi–39573<\/a>.<\/p>\n

              [11]<\/a> Nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 c\u1ef1u linh m\u1ee5c Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn V\u0129nh Long b\u1ecb tuy\u00ean v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n k\u1ebft (2014), v\u1ee5 Gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec3m Tin M\u1eebng (S\u00e0i G\u00f2n) g\u00e2y x\u00f4n xao d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 8.2019.<\/p>\n

              [12]<\/a> C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m \u0103n b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hay \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n sa, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ma t\u00fay, d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i hay s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y theo l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, kinh doanh trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd, t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u2018b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n\u2019\u2026<\/p>\n

              [13]<\/a> C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 d\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ee9c nh\u1ed1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 thai, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, gian d\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng quay c\u00f3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00fat l\u00f3t c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t giao th\u00f4ng\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean!<\/p>\n

              [14]<\/a> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Divini Redemptoris<\/em> (1937) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XI l\u00ean \u00e1n C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n; ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 Th\u01b0 Chung<\/em> (1951) c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eeba theo C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u1eeba theo C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u0103m 1958, \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Ad Apostolorum Principis<\/em>, ra v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00edn h\u1eefu tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o Y\u00eau N\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n phong gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n y c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp Th\u01b0 Chung<\/em> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1960 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi\u00eau b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

              [15]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng u\u1ea9n kh\u00fac trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o\u2026<\/p>\n

              [16]<\/a> Linh m\u1ee5c Ant\u00f4n Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc S\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 \u2018hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u2019 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng sau 50 n\u0103m, t\u00ednh t\u1eeb 1960, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o trong d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1%; th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930 th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m! Xem: http:\/\/vntaiwan.catholic.org.tw\/09news\/9news246.htm<\/a>. \u0110\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd, trong khi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1eabn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u201cgi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em>\u201d. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n Duy Nhi\u00ean (+2009), Lm. Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc T\u1ec9nh, OFM, Lm. \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n Qu\u1ebf, OP, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u2026<\/p>\n

              [17]<\/a> x. \u0110\u1ed6 M\u1ea0NH TRI, Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>, x. http:\/\/ttntt.free.fr\/archive\/<\/a> .<\/p>\n

              [18]<\/a> Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c L\u00ca \u0110\u1eaeC TR\u1eccNG, \u201cH\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111i Nam c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i hay c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i?\u201d, trong H\u1ed3i k\u00fd<\/em>, 2009, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5.<\/p>\n

              [19]<\/a> M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn H\u01b0ng H\u00f3a, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c s\u1eafc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong ban m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9!<\/p>\n

              [20]<\/a> Xin xem b\u00e0i \u201cTruy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o?\u201d <\/em>c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft, t\u1ea1i: http:\/\/conggiao.info\/truyen-giao-d-15998<\/a>.<\/p>\n

              [21]<\/a> \u201cTr\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i\u201d l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1eeba sai T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u2018tr\u1ed3ng\u2019 lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e9t theo c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0 y ph\u1ee5c, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t, vv\u2026<\/p>\n

              [22]<\/a> Nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c t\u1eed v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c \u00d4ng Laurenso Ph\u1ea1m H\u00e2n Quynh (1926-2012), m\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c \u1edf l\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc sau 1954, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u gian tru\u00e2n th\u1eed th\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t thao th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh tr\u00ean n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y. X. http:\/\/giadinhlaurenso.org\/hieu-cha-gia-quynh–\/tinh-than-cha-gia-laurenso-pham-han-quynh.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n

              [23]<\/a> V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang nghe nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u201cgi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 Trung Hoa\u201d, v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u201cl\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa\u201d, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u201cch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Putin\u201d mang s\u1eafc th\u00e1i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u2026<\/p>\n

              [24]<\/a> x. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng GIOAN PHAOL\u00d4 II, Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Solicitudo rei socialis<\/em> (1987), s\u1ed1 15.<\/p>\n

              [25]<\/a> Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Oxfam, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, 210 ng\u01b0\u1eddi si\u00eau gi\u00e0u \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kho\u1ea3ng 20 t\u1ef7 USD, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 12% GDP c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi si\u00eau gi\u00e0u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean h\u01a1n 400 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025. C\u0169ng theo Oxfam n\u0103m 2017, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi chu\u1ea9n ngh\u00e8o l\u00e0 22,1%. Ngu\u1ed3n: ncif.gov.vn.<\/p>\n

              [26]<\/a> Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb B\u1ea3n Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi<\/em> cho Lineamenta,<\/em> chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u 1998.<\/p>\n

              [27]<\/a> Th\u1eadt ra, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c FABC \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a CELAM (Li\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 La tinh), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u1edf H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Medell\u00edn (Colombia, 1968) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1n \u1edf H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Puebla (Mexico, 1979).<\/p>\n

              [28]<\/a> V\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ea1o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0: t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Formosa, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c do s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hay ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t gay g\u1eaft, n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch, vv \u2026<\/p>\n

              \n

              Lm. Giuse L\u00ea C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c, PSS.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              N\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u1ea7y hoang mang v\u00e0 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh do c\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch Covid c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian ghi d\u1ea5u 60 n\u0103m H\u00e0ng Gi\u00e1o […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12552,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,51,50,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giao-hoi-hiep-thong","category-lm-le-cong-duc","category-thien-phong","category-viet-nam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12550","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12550"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14505,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12550\/revisions\/14505"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}