{"id":12863,"date":"2020-10-18T13:38:30","date_gmt":"2020-10-18T06:38:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=12863"},"modified":"2020-10-18T20:29:37","modified_gmt":"2020-10-18T13:29:37","slug":"ban-dich-thong-diep-fratelli-tutti-chuong-7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/ban-dich-thong-diep-fratelli-tutti-chuong-7\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea2N D\u1ecaCH TH\u00d4NG \u0110I\u1ec6P FRATELLI TUTTI (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7)"},"content":{"rendered":"

CH\u01af\u01a0NG VII<\/strong><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG N\u1ebaO \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG G\u1eb6P G\u1ee0 M\u1edaI<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, nh\u1eb1m kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    B\u1eaeT \u0110\u1ea6U L\u1ea0I T\u1eea S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. S\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i qua th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ed7i \u0111au v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng l\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i giao tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd, l\u1ed1i n\u00f3i h\u00e0ng hai, s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea5u gi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cung c\u00e1ch t\u1ecf ra t\u1eed t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 che \u0111\u1eady th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 hung h\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nhau ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi nhau. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch khai kh\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t k\u00fd \u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc, bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng che m\u1edd t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1eafn r\u1ee9t, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nhau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi, v\u00ec thi\u1ec7n \u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. M\u1ecdi \u201cti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ki\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd, tr\u00e2n qu\u00ed k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng chung m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9\u201d. (209) Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Congo \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t dai d\u1eb3ng: \u201cC\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111i xa h\u01a1n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng dai d\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra\u201d. (210)<\/li>\n
    2. \u201cQu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau, c\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh; h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 gi\u00fap gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 kia kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf\u2026 S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u1eabn t\u1edbi o\u00e1n h\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n n\u00ean d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 tha th\u1ee9. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecb x\u00e9 n\u00e1t b\u1edfi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n m\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb em v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra n\u1ed7i th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng\u2026 M\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean da th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i; m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft do b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i trong t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n\u2026 B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c d\u1eabn t\u1edbi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, o\u00e1n gh\u00e9t sinh ra th\u00eam o\u00e1n gh\u00e9t, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y th\u00eam gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1ebb g\u00e3y c\u00e1i v\u00f2ng t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y\u201d. (211)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      NGH\u1ec6 THU\u1eacT V\u00c0 KI\u1ebeN TR\u00daC C\u1ee6A H\u00d2A B\u00ccNH<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhau, theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00f4ng \u00edch. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ch\u00fang. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, t\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, ngay c\u1ea3 d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u1edf trong sai l\u1ea7m hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i. \u201cCh\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd giam h\u00e3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i hay \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ecd theo tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u0111ang c\u00f3 n\u01a1i h\u1ecd\u201d, (212) m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n mang theo v\u1edbi n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tia l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
      2. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Nam Phi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u201cb\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, thay v\u00ec mong mu\u1ed1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb h\u1ecd; m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh c\u00f3, thay v\u00ec m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 \u00edch k\u1ef7 gi\u00e0nh gi\u1ef1t c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t; m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau trong t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec r\u1ed1t c\u1ee5c quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, qu\u1ed1c gia, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c hay v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d. (213) Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c \u201cch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho c\u00f4ng l\u00fd qua \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap nhau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u201d. (214)<\/li>\n
      3. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c chia r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 <\/em>c\u00e1ch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edch l\u1ee3i khi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y an nhi\u00ean. Trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh, cha m\u1eb9, \u00f4ng b\u00e0 v\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y an nhi\u00ean; kh\u00f4ng ai b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecdng, d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 xoay x\u1edf, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap; h\u1ecd n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0\u2026 Trong c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung; m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho thi\u1ec7n \u00edch chung, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00f3. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e3i nhau, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng tranh c\u00e3i trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh! \u01af\u1edbc g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hay c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn con c\u00e1i hay v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, hay cha m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh! S\u1ebd t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p bi\u1ebft bao! Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng, hay x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec xa xa, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00f4 danh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n cho n\u00f3?\u201d (215)<\/li>\n
      4. Vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c; m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eafm men h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u qua c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u00e0n gi\u1ea5y hay trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng \u201cm\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7y s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t trang s\u1eed m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t trang \u0111\u1ea7y hy v\u1ecdng, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i\u201d. (216) C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac\u201d h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n, theo l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n ri\u00eang, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt\u201d h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh li\u00ean can \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u201cch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u1ea5y, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00fd tr\u00ed tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 o\u00e1n h\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua s\u1ef1 li\u00ean can c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng khung qui chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kinh t\u1ebf hay ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed\u2026 S\u1ebd lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1eefu \u00edch vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u00fd \u1ee9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3\u201d. (217)<\/li>\n
      5. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd k\u1ebft th\u00fac; \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1eabn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e3n gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang ta ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u2018n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1\u2019. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf cho nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng \u00edch. \u01af\u1edbc g\u00ec quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 b\u00e1o th\u00f9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi\u201d. (218) Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng khai, t\u1eeb ph\u00eda n\u00e0y hay ph\u00eda kh\u00e1c, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. Ch\u00ednh b\u1edfi v\u00ec, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Colombia \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn: \u201cc\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c thao t\u00fang ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c cho nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch phe ph\u00e1i\u201d. (219)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ed1t h\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n h\u1eefu x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f2i quan h\u1ec7 h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 phe ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u1edbt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u201ckh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1eafng chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi \u2013 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong ch\u00fang ta \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb em ch\u00fang ta, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh\u201d. (220)<\/li>\n
        2. R\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean y\u1ebfu \u1edbt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em>, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u1ea5y ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i khinh mi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c M\u1ef9 La tinh \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng s\u00e2u xa c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o h\u00f4m nay, c\u00e1c mong \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n h\u1eefu v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o\u201d. (221)<\/li>\n
        3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng chung h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, \u201cn\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. Khi m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2013 d\u00f9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, qu\u1ed1c gia hay to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u2013 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ra ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hay ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh n\u00e0o cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 an ninh m\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. (222) N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ed1t h\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb em c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          GI\u00c1 TR\u1eca V\u00c0 \u00dd NGH\u0128A C\u1ee6A THA TH\u1ee8<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, v\u00ec h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t, b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tranh ch\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00e1ch t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \/ \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu nh\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u00ean gi\u1eef m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa tin r\u1eb1ng h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c; v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn th\u00f4i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Tha th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 trung t\u00e2m trong Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng x\u00e1c t\u00edn th\u00e2m s\u00e2u \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh, s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t bao dung v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
            2. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t bao dung. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng khai t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c: \u201cAnh em bi\u1ebft, th\u1ee7 l\u00e3nh c\u00e1c d\u00e2n th\u00ec d\u00f9ng uy m\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb d\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m l\u1edbn th\u00ec l\u1ea5y quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 cai qu\u1ea3n d\u00e2n. Gi\u1eefa anh em th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d (Mt 20,25-26). Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Tin M\u1eebng b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ta tha th\u1ee9 \u201cb\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea7n b\u1ea3y\u201d (Mt 18,22) v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha th\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00ecnh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tha th\u1ee9 cho k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c (x. Mt 18,23-35).<\/li>\n
            3. \u0110\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu s\u01a1 khai s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, tinh th\u1ea7n bao dung v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y: ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh \u201cv\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec1n h\u00f2a\u201d (2Tm 2,25) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u201ckh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i x\u1ea5u ai, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e3i v\u00e3, c\u01b0 x\u1eed hi\u1ec1n h\u00f2a, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00ec ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ngu xu\u1ea9n\u201d (Tt 3,2-3). S\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, d\u00f9 b\u1ecb b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, \u201c\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn\u201d (2,47; x. 4,21.33; 5,13).<\/li>\n
            4. Nh\u01b0ng khi suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4: \u201cAnh em \u0111\u1eebng t\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111em b\u00ecnh an cho tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t; Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em b\u00ecnh an, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o. Qu\u1ea3 v\u1eady, Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y chia r\u1ebd gi\u1eefa con trai v\u1edbi cha, gi\u1eefa con g\u00e1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb9, gi\u1eefa con d\u00e2u v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 ch\u1ed3ng. K\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0\u201d (Mt 10,34-36). Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u trong v\u0103n m\u1ea1ch, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt r\u00f5 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 trung t\u00edn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i theo Ng\u01b0\u1eddi; ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9 cho c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 d\u00f9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n y\u00eau nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm xung \u0111\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u00f3 khi kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i) s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng chi ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 trung t\u00edn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Th\u00e1nh Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd l\u00ean \u00e1n m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng trong d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh x\u1ea3y ra, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t\u201d. (223)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Xung \u0111\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi tha th\u1ee9 khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c tham nh\u0169ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m hay nh\u1eefng ai s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eeb ai; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb \u1ea5y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u00e1p b\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh, hay cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb \u1ea5y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u y l\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho y ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p b\u1ee9c \u1ea5y; n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ecfi y quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1ea5y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Tha th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, hay \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i \u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng ai b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1i t\u00f4i hay m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n y\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f2i c\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebb \u1ea5y \u2013 hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai kh\u00e1c \u2013 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i t\u00f4i hay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng; s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5m m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f4i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n
              2. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdc khu\u1ea5y gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho linh h\u1ed3n ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m hay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng hay nh\u00f3m s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o, c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1ebfu c\u00e1i l\u1ef1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ecd, gi\u1eef h\u1ecd v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00f3an th\u00f9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o th\u00f9, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c g\u00e0i b\u1eaby \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p\u201d. (224) Ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/li>\n
              3. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u201ckh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1i di s\u1ea3n cay \u0111\u1eafng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, hung h\u0103ng v\u00e0 nghi ng\u1edd do s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 d\u1eef b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n (x. Rm 12,21) v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch vun x\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d. (225) B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea3o trong tr\u00e1i tim m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n \u1ea5y s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m an \u1ed5n v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, ngay c\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ecb l\u0103ng nh\u1ee5c, s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd y\u1ebfu \u0111i, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9\u201d. (226) M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u201cngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ee9c x\u00fac trong l\u00f2ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh ch\u1ecb em m\u00ecnh, v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng toang ho\u00e1c \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0nh, s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha th\u1ee9, n\u1ed7i cay \u0111\u1eafng n\u00e0y \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i\u2026 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh di\u1ec5n ra trong t\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf trong s\u00e2u t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn\u201d. (227)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Khi c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn hay v\u00f9i l\u1ea5p \u0111i trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, thinh l\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f5a trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. S\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong xung \u0111\u1ed9t, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u00f3 xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u00ean tr\u00ec, ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1edfi m\u1edf. Xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c nhau – \u201cn\u1ebfu ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u0103m gh\u00e9t nhau – s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng l\u00fd\u201d. (228)<\/li>\n
                2. Trong nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbp, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u201cm\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n h\u1eefu trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec h\u01a1n xung \u0111\u1ed9t\u2026 \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed5 l\u1ed1n, hay b\u00ean n\u00e0y b\u1ecb h\u00fat b\u1edfi b\u00ean kia, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00edch \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda\u201d. (229) T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u201ckhi ch\u00fang ta, trong t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn qu\u00e1 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n cho nhau s\u1ebd sinh hoa tr\u00e1i\u2026 trong m\u1ed9t khung c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t \u0111a di\u1ec7n gi\u00fap l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi\u201d. (230)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  K\u00dd \u1ee8C     <\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5 do b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u201ctha th\u1ee9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, cho d\u00f9 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y \u0111i n\u1eefa. B\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t ri\u00eang t\u01b0, do m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t (x. Mt 5,44-46), ngay c\u1ea3 d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1edfi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t \u201cs\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3\u201d b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i, hay c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u2018ph\u00f9 ph\u00e9p l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean\u201d. Ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n tha th\u1ee9 nh\u00e2n danh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c? Th\u1eadt c\u1ea3m k\u00edch khi ta nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i sau l\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng ph\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
                  2. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng Shoah<\/em> (= n\u1ea1n t\u00e0n s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c X\u00e3). N\u00f3 m\u00e3i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 d\u1eef c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, khi m\u00e0 b\u1ecb k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 sai l\u1ea7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c hay ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o\u201d. (231) M\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n t\u00e0n s\u00e1t \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y: \u201cL\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa, xin nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang con trong l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa. Xin ban cho ch\u00fang con \u01a1n bi\u1ebft x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang con \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 th\u1edd ng\u1eabu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh kh\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khinh b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh c\u1ed1t nh\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang con, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 ban s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd n\u1eefa, Ch\u00faa \u01a1i, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf bao gi\u1edd n\u1eefa!\u201d. (232)<\/li>\n
                  3. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng Hiroshima v\u00e0 Nagasaki. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u201ct\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i nghi\u00eang m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1ea5y, nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau h\u1ecd v\u1eabn mang tr\u00ean da th\u1ecbt m\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp, v\u00e0 mang trong tinh th\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hao s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd\u2026 Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u00fd \u1ee9c gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 huynh \u0111\u1ec7 h\u01a1n\u201d. (233) Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i, n\u1ea1n bu\u00f4n n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 t\u00e0n s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa v\u1eabn l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u1ea5y, nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01a1 l\u00ec m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u1ea5y.<\/li>\n
                  4. Ng\u00e0y nay, th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt sang trang kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ta n\u00ean nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110\u1eebng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u00e2n danh Ch\u00faa! Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9; ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u00fd \u1ee9c trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n \u201cgi\u1eef s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 theo sau v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kinh d\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra\u201d, v\u00ec l\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng \u1ea5y \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed5i d\u1eady khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi tham v\u1ecdng th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t\u201d. (234) Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u2013 c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u2013 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ec7n minh cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c nh\u00e2n danh s\u1ef1 d\u1eef l\u1edbn lao m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kinh t\u1edfm \u1ea5y, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai – \u1edf gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 phi nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf – \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi, tha th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 huynh \u0111\u1ec7. Nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Th\u1ee9 tha nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Tha th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng. Hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 hay che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec7n minh hay b\u1ecf qua, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tha th\u1ee9. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fd do n\u00e0o, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tha th\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu tha th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xin s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9.<\/li>\n
                    2. Ai tha th\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu thua ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i l\u1ef1c h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y cho h\u1ecd qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1i v\u00f2ng \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7t; h\u1ecd ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 l\u1ea5n t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1. H\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m lan tr\u00e0n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00e1i tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 m\u00e0 s\u1edbm hay mu\u1ed9n n\u00f3 s\u1ebd quay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f2i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c th\u00ec kinh kh\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c t\u1eed h\u00ecnh k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. Tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/li>\n
                    3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t. C\u00f4ng l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng l\u00fd, t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c m\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng \u00edch, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u00fat x\u1ea3 tr\u00fat gi\u1eadn. S\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng l\u00fd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o th\u00f9 hay s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng.<\/li>\n
                    4. Khi c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda, th\u00ec th\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 nhau, hay h\u01a1n k\u00e9m nhau c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c do c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 do b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1edb. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Croatia \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u201cch\u00fang ta m\u1eafc n\u1ee3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t do ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hay \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i\u201d. (235)<\/li>\n
                    5. T\u00f4i c\u1ea7u xin Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u201cgi\u00fap chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho con tim ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 anh ch\u1ecb em m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1eafm r\u1ec5 trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xin Ch\u00faa x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi th\u1ee9 d\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ed7i, nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tranh ch\u1ea5p. V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xin Ch\u00faa sai ch\u00fang ta \u0111i, trong khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh, tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t cam go nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng th\u1eadt phong ph\u00fa\u201d. (236)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      CHI\u1ebeN TRANH V\u00c0 \u00c1N T\u1eec H\u00ccNH<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. C\u00f3 hai t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p sai l\u1ea7m, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00fang mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t v\u00e0o khung c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh <\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. \u201cL\u00f2ng k\u1ebb m\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y chuy\u1ec7n l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chan ch\u1ee9a ni\u1ec1m vui\u201d (Cn 12,20). Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i th\u00eam b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, nh\u1eefng tham v\u1ecdng th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i. (237) Chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ma c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 qua, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
                        2. V\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u00e2y b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng \u201cchi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, vai tr\u00f2 trung gian v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra trong Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 qui chu\u1ea9n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1\u201d. (238) B\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c qui chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c qui chu\u1ea9n \u1ea5y s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t tai h\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m qui chi\u1ebfu b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ee5y trang nh\u1eefng \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng sai l\u1ea7m hay vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia hay m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng khi th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i, v\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u00ec ch\u00fang b\u1ecb ph\u1edbt l\u01a1, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd bung ra v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, cho c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 huynh \u0111\u1ec7, cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c kho t\u00e0ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/li>\n
                        3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 l\u00fd do nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 hay ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u00f3p m\u00e9o th\u00f4ng tin. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cbi\u1ec7n minh\u201d c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfu l\u1ec7. Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u0169 trang qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t cho t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd\u201d (239) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd bi\u1ec7n minh c\u00e1ch sai tr\u00e1i ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u201cph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7\u201d, hay nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1ed1n kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh, h\u1ecd g\u00e2y ra \u201cnh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 d\u1eef v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 d\u1eef c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb\u201d. (240) V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung \u1ee9ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e3 trao cho chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u201cch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u1ea5y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan\u201d. (241) Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 xem ra lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong nh\u00e3n gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y nay th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 n\u00eau l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00fd t\u00ednh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 trong c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u201cchi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng\u201d. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u1eefa! (242)<\/li>\n
                        4. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ed1t c\u1ee5c s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh tinh, v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00e1c t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y hay n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u201cm\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n\u201d, v\u00ec v\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau trong khung c\u1ea3nh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
                        5. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Gioan XXIII: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng l\u00fd\u201d. (243) Khi n\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1eefa b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi r\u1ea5t c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh. Ng\u00e0i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u00ec m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n l\u00f2ng tin \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng, do thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, b\u00f3ng ma \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n
                        6. M\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 d\u1eef. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eebng c\u1ee9 mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i trong nh\u1eefng tranh lu\u1eadn thu\u1ea7n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 \u201cthi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p\u201d. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y h\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u1ea5y. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb xua \u0111u\u1ed5i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hay c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 m\u1ea5t con m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadt hay b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y nghe nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 m\u1edf l\u00f2ng ra l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ecd k\u1ec3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 d\u1eef c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. V\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i khi b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 v\u00ec ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
                        7. C\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u00f9n tay l\u1ea1i v\u00ec lo s\u1ee3, hay s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc hay sinh h\u1ecdc. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, \u201cn\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111e d\u1ecda ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 an ninh, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111a c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u1ea1n kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1, nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n s\u1ee9c, an ninh m\u1ea1ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i\u2026 th\u00ec s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u00edt nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng n\u1ebfu coi n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u cho nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 \u1ea5y. Nh\u1eefng b\u1eadn t\u00e2m n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n khi ch\u00fang ta xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, trong th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian\u2026 Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin c\u1eady m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, khi th\u1ef1c ra n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tin t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c an to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t l\u1eabn nhau hay x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean duy ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef th\u1ebf c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c\u2026 Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o\u2026 S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1eabn nhau. S\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xuy\u00ean qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng \u00edch, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u0111\u1eady\u201d. (244) V\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n chi ti\u00eau cho v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u00eau qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t qu\u0129 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (245) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c hay \u1ea3o v\u1ecdng, hay ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          \u00c1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. V\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafm c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 nh\u1eafm c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh. Th\u00e1nh Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd r\u1eb1ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng x\u00e9t theo m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft x\u00e9t theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1. (246) Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1i lui kh\u1ecfi l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn\u201d (247) v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf n\u00f3 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. (248)<\/li>\n
                          2. Trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc, khi c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i c\u00f4ng l\u00fd (x. Rm 12,17.19), c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u00e1n ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c (x. Rm 13,4; 1Pr 2,14). Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, \u201c\u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac xung quanh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng qui t\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1ng chung, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c qui t\u1eafc \u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng\u201d. (249) \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u201c\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m\u201d (250), v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00f3 \u201ct\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt\u201d. (251)<\/li>\n
                          3. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Lactantius ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3; vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 phi ph\u00e1p\u201d. (252) \u0110\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Nicholas I k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 \u201ctr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i n\u1eefa\u201d. (253) Trong cu\u1ed9c x\u00e9t x\u1eed nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i hai linh m\u1ee5c, Th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 xin quan t\u00f2a \u0111\u1eebng l\u1ea5y m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c qu\u00ed v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i \u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u mong \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, hay h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mong \u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf theo lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb k\u1ebb cu\u1ed3ng n\u1ed9 m\u1ea5t l\u00fd tr\u00ed th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, t\u1eeb k\u1ebb l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c gian \u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eefu \u00edch. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u00ean \u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng khi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c hung h\u00e3n b\u1ecb ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap h\u1ed1i c\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p, th\u00ec ai c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00edch l\u1ee3i, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t\u2026 \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 cho s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n \u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nung n\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t ao \u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o th\u00f9, nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean ao \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra cho linh h\u1ed3n h\u1ecd\u201d. (254)<\/li>\n
                          4. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 o\u00e1n h\u1eadn r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c, thay v\u00ec nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ng\u00e0y nay, \u201ctrong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khung c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng khai hay ri\u00eang t\u01b0, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 o\u00e1n h\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p n\u1eefa, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c k\u1ebb th\u00f9: nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u2018\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u2019, t\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111e d\u1ecda. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qui tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d. (255) \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam nguy hi\u1ec3m cho c\u00e1i bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111ang ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 giam gi\u1eef, b\u1ecf t\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qua x\u00e9t x\u1eed, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
                          5. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y nay m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb hung d\u1eef qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch\u201d. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft ngo\u00e0i v\u00f2ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 \u201cc\u1ed1 \u00fd gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hay m\u1eadt v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ra tay, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a tin ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 ch\u1ea1m s\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m, hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00fd do, theo \u0111\u00fang qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt\u201d. (256)<\/li>\n
                          6. \u201cC\u00e1c l\u00fd do ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00ec c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd do, nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e9t x\u1eed sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t \u1ea5y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i v\u00e0 to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn, hay \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, t\u1ee9c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i\u2019. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 \u00e1n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p hay b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, trong m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n lao t\u00f9, v\u00ec t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u00e1n t\u00f9 chung th\u00e2n\u2026 M\u1ed9t \u00e1n chung th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh b\u00ed m\u1eadt\u201d. (257)<\/li>\n
                          7. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng \u201cngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a y, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa h\u1ee9a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y\u201d. (258) Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 \u1ea5y n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd trao cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chia s\u1ebb h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa t\u00f4i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n
                          8. T\u00f4i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu n\u00e0o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n do d\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 cho b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y trong s\u00e1ch Isaia: \u201cH\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u00fac g\u01b0\u01a1m \u0111ao th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh c\u00e0y\u201d (2,4). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri n\u00e0y \u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m n\u01a1i Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 d\u00f9ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c: \u201cH\u00e3y x\u1ecf g\u01b0\u01a1m v\u00e0o v\u1ecf, v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai c\u1ea7m g\u01b0\u01a1m s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00ec g\u01b0\u01a1m\u201d (Mt 26,52). Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y vang \u00e2m l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o x\u01b0a: \u201cTa s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1n n\u1ee3 m\u00e1u. Ai \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec m\u00e1u n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 ra\u201d (St 9,5-6). Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u1ea5p c\u00e1i kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi kh\u00f4n ngu\u00f4i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            Lm. L\u00ea C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c, PSS, d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                            CH\u01af\u01a0NG VII NH\u1eeeNG N\u1ebaO \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG G\u1eb6P G\u1ee0 M\u1edaI<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12785,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,50,43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12863","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lm-le-cong-duc","category-thien-phong","category-van-kien-giao-hoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12863","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12863"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12863\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12870,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12863\/revisions\/12870"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12863"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12863"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12863"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}