{"id":14099,"date":"2025-02-12T00:04:06","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T17:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=14099"},"modified":"2025-02-12T07:47:15","modified_gmt":"2025-02-12T00:47:15","slug":"giao-hoi-cong-giao-va-van-de-di-cu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/giao-hoi-cong-giao-va-van-de-di-cu\/","title":{"rendered":"GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I C\u00d4NG GI\u00c1O V\u00c0 V\u1ea4N \u0110\u1ec0 DI C\u01af (*)"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u2013 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb v\u00e0i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di c\u01b0. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00f3a : 250 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u01a1i h\u1ecd sinh ra \u2013 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 3,3% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi) v\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 : \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u0103m lo l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u1eef tu n\u00f3i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp hai d\u00f2ng tu (m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng nam, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u1eef) ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u00dd tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Jean-Baptiste Scalabrini, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1887 v\u00e0 1895, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m n\u00e0y. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c hay t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Theo s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ti\u00ean phong n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab cha c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u00bb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1905, Vatican \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u00ab V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c thi\u00eang li\u00eang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 <\/em>\u00bb, ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00ab H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i l\u1ea1i<\/em> \u00bb hi\u1ec7n nay. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1914, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XV \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u00ab Ng\u00e0y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi di d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n<\/em> \u00bb, ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u do m\u1ed7i gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn t\u1ef1 do ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2004 v\u00e0o Ch\u00faa Nh\u1eadt th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m, nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 (m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, thi\u00eang li\u00eang hay \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c), c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng khai tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ba v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a R\u00f4ma, t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, \u0111\u00e3 khai tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 : Exsul familia<\/em> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1952, Pastoralis migratorum cura<\/em> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1969 v\u00e0 Erga migrantes caritas Christi <\/em>v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu, d\u0129 nhi\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes<\/em> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn di c\u01b0, l\u01b0u vong v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00ab s\u1ed1ng chung \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh 4 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh : 1) hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di c\u01b0 ; 2) nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chi ph\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc : 3) nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00ab s\u1ed1ng chung \u00bb ; 4) m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di c\u01b0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c di c\u01b0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/em><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di c\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau theo th\u1eddi gian. Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c di chuy\u1ec3n d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 to l\u1edbn v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn, v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u r\u1eddi b\u1ecf ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t xa x\u00f4i \u00edt d\u00e2n c\u01b0 h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Hi\u1ec7n Xu\u1ed1ng (6\/1944) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 vui m\u1eebng khi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a di c\u01b0<\/em> \u00bb, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u00ab m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/em> \u00bb. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 : \u00ab C\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t cha \u00f4ng, qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng theo ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb n\u00e0y; c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb9 g\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi n\u01a1i l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ; sau c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 l\u00ean n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia cho v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadn s\u1ebd \u0111ua nhau \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/em> \u00bb. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1952, trong \u00ab Exsul familia \u00bb, l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c di c\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/em> \u00bb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00ab s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh t\u00e1c<\/em> \u00bb, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII n\u00f3i th\u00eam : \u00ab B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00f9ng n\u00e0y<\/em> \u00bb. Ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u00bb (xem m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y). Do \u0111\u00f3, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh tinh, do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho \u00ab c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o tay c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em> \u00bb (Gaudium et spes<\/em>, 69, 1).<\/p>\n

\u00ab S\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1c quan m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 h\u01a1i mu\u1ed9n so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ecbch s\u1eed : ti\u1ebfp theo nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng m\u00e0, quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m vinh quang<\/em> \u00bb (1945-75). Vi\u1ec7c di c\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecf hoang, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a. Ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng phi nh\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n di c\u01b0 n\u00e0y s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 n\u00e9t h\u01a1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1c quan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh : nh\u01b0 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y, trong khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do, th\u00ec Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n c\u00f2n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u00ab quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i di c\u01b0 \u00bb. L\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00ab hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u00bb,<\/em> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u00ab c\u00e1ch bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 \u00bb, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1963 trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u00ab Pacem in terris \u00bb, r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn (PT 103), nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0 n\u00f3i chung, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng cho l\u00e0 \u00ab c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n<\/em> \u00bb, d\u00f9 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng trong \u00ab nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebfu \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5p b\u00eanh \u00bb c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa (Gaudium et spes<\/em>, 66,2).<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1981, trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Pi\u00f4 XII v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di c\u01b0 : ng\u00e0i coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/em> \u00bb. Vi\u1ec7c di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u00ab n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta di c\u01b0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xa r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c\u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, cho d\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c di c\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u n\u00e0y, trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/em> \u00bb (Laborem exercens<\/em>, 23).<\/p>\n

Di c\u01b0, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/em><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u00ab s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u00bb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di c\u01b0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u \u00bb, v\u00ec \u00ab s\u1ed1ng \u1edf qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II nh\u1eafc nh\u1edb, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u \u00ab c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u00bb bao l\u00e2u nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u vong v\u1eabn c\u00f2n : \u00ab Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cai tr\u1ecb, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng, n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a phi l\u00fd, n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng lan tr\u00e0n<\/em> \u00bb (Di\u1ec5n v\u0103n cho H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi di d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n, 9\/10\/1998). Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u1eeb nay s\u1ebd  \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di c\u01b0, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta : s\u1ef1 k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng trong  m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan Nam-B\u1eafc, s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed3i, n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng, nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, chi\u1ebfn tranh\u2026.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n di c\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f4i ng\u1ea3. Trong Caritas in veritate<\/em>, ng\u00e0i coi l\u00e0 \u00ab k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh \u00bb nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (CV, 62), l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng di c\u01b0 \u0111i k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed9t \u00ab s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5, b\u1ea5t an<\/em> \u00bb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u00ab nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u00bb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u00ab mang l\u1ea1i, qua lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n cho c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u00ean qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c g\u1edfi ti\u1ec1n v\u1ec1<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4, ng\u00e0i m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi xem hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di c\u01b0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u00bb, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 \u00ab n\u00f3i l\u00ean c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quan ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t<\/em> \u00bb (S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi di d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n, 15\/1\/2017). Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u00ab nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c di c\u01b0, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng<\/em> \u00bb. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfc s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1eefu tr\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xin t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u1eaft b\u1edb. Khi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00ab vi\u1ec7c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a s\u1ef1 d\u1eedng d\u01b0ng<\/em> \u00bb (b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u1edf Lampedusa, th\u00e1ng 7\/2013) v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec1n di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0, v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp, c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u2013 d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh c\u00e3i b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia (1) \u2013 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p chung<\/em> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

Di c\u01b0 b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c<\/em><\/p>\n

\u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i b\u1ea5t an (chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u1eaft b\u1edb) hay kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00ab di c\u01b0 b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c \u00bb. V\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng : nh\u00e2n danh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh lu\u00e2n l\u00fd ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp \u1edf n\u01a1i m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u1eefa. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n hu\u1ec7, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong s\u1ed1 2241 c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o : \u00abNh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u h\u01a1n c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm an ninh v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c sinh t\u1ed3n (ressources vitales ) m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecd<\/em>. \u00bb <\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i \u00ab t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm an ninh<\/em> \u00bb \u0111\u1eb7t lu\u00e2n l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf : \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00ab quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n<\/em> \u00bb, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n (kho\u1ea3n 14), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5 trong C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Gen\u00e8ve th\u00e1ng 7\/1951 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho to\u00e0n h\u00e0nh tinh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, ki\u1ec3u n\u00f3i \u00ab t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c sinh t\u1ed3n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecd<\/em>\u00bb m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf im l\u1eb7ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i cho r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp c\u0169ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u00ab sinh t\u1ed3n \u00bb (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng) m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u00ean qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 thinh l\u1eb7ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c : gi\u00fap tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eed vong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc : \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u00ab m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/em> \u00bb (xem m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y), theo \u0111\u00f3 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng , v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng x\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1. \u00ab Nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c sinh t\u1ed3n \u00bb n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang thi\u1ebfu \u1edf n\u01a1i h\u1ecd \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u00fang \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia \u2013 m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o m\u1eddi  g\u1ecdi t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p chung \u2013 v\u00ec, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Luis Morales Reyes, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c M\u00eaxic\u00f4, vi\u1ebft : \u00abS\u1ef1 ban t\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i b\u1edfi mong \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2026. C\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn sau v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh s\u1ed1ng<\/em> \u00bb (2).<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, khi \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n hai l\u00fd do di c\u01b0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c (\u00ab t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm an ninh \u00bb v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u00ab ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c sinh t\u1ed3n \u00bb), s\u1ed1 2241 c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd chung xem ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00ab b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp \u00bb m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. C\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n R\u00f4ma kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p cho s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u00ab ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n \u00bb – nh\u01b0ng H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y h\u1ee3p l\u00fd khi \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y : \u00ab S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng gia t\u0103ng. Th\u1eadt c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh\u2026Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, \u2026 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft b\u1edb ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, m\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n b\u00e0n t\u1edbi, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ra \u0111i m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac<\/em> \u00bb (La Documentation catholique<\/em>, 7\/5\/1995, tr. 453). V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eabn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t do s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u01b0u vong b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c m\u1edbi, m\u00e0 lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec : nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u00ab h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00bb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u t\u00e2m, nh\u00e2n danh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, theo \u0111\u00f3 \u00ab kh\u00f4ng ai b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3<\/em> \u00bb. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 mi\u1ec5n cho m\u1ed9t \u00ab qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u00bb kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0y trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3.  Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac, g\u00e2y phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i hay qu\u00e1 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u00ab b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p chung<\/em><\/p>\n

Khi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, c\u1ea3 R\u00f4ma l\u1eabn qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau : c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch \u00bb, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do di c\u01b0. \u00ab M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n\u2026, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3<\/em> \u00bb, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan XXIII kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab quy\u1ec1n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb<\/em> \u00bb (Pacem in terris<\/em>, s\u1ed1 25 v\u00e0 106). L\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 n\u01a1i \u0110\u1ee9c Phaol\u00f4 VI : lu\u1eadt chung, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u01b0, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb \u00bb m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0y, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u00ab \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1ch quan, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u00edch<\/em> \u00bb (Pastoralis migratorum cura<\/em>, La Documentation catholique, 1970, n\u00b01555, tr 58-72).<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3i tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, gi\u1eefa th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n xoay quanh m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa lu\u1eadt chung v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt tr\u1eeb n\u00e0y : \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt tr\u1eeb ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chung ? Nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00ab nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1ch quan <\/em>\u00bb ? C\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1eefu tr\u00e1ch c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di c\u01b0 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch \u00bb h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1edfi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay vu\u1ed1t ve c\u00e1c \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 (ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u1ed1c gia, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u00fay, n\u00e3o tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc hay nh\u1eefng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c).<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch \u00bb : \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch \u00bb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, hay c\u00f4ng \u00edch c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ? Vi\u1ec7c tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn \u00ab l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia \u00bb ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, t\u1eeb C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch \u00bb h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u00ab ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t \u00bb k\u00e8m v\u00e0o. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1eefu tr\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00f4ng \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ; nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m coi l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu : khi \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia \u00bb v\u00e0 \u00ab c\u00f4ng \u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t \u00bb kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng nhau, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng \u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i th\u1eafng th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y 1\/1\/2000 : \u00ab Vi\u1ec7c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i <\/em>\u00bb. \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n : \u00ab Trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, c\u00f4ng \u00edch v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n cho c\u00f4ng \u00edch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 mang l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f4 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0,  c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ti\u00ean b\u00e1o cho th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em> \u00bb (Caritas in veritate<\/em>, s\u1ed1 7). Xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di c\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o di c\u01b0 ; theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 \u00edt tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do \u0111i l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi (3). Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, theo Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c cho thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc : v\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 h\u00e0nh tinh s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u00edch ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ec, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, \u00ab kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta \u00bb (CV, 62). Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng \u00bb. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng n\u00e0y m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi khai tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u00ab b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u00ean qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn ;  n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh di c\u01b0 v\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u00bb (CV, 62).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u00ab s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 \u00bb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t khuy\u00ean l\u00e0m ; c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao kh\u00e1c nhau c\u0169ng suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng (4). \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, qua ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c cha Jurkovic, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u1edf Gen\u00e8ve, tuy\u1ebfn b\u1ed1, ng\u00e0y 8\/5\/2017, d\u1ecbp ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u00ab Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 di c\u01b0 an to\u00e0n, tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c<\/em> \u00bb : \u00ab c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i\u2026. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi gi\u1eefa gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng chia r\u1ebd ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hay nh\u1eefng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y : quy\u1ec1n r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh \u2013 di c\u01b0 \u2013 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00ab quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi kho\u1ea3n 13 c\u1ee7a Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n n\u0103m 1948, \u0111ang khi h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00f4-g\u00edc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u2013 nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 – , l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ph\u00f3 cho ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1996 cho ng\u00e0y di d\u00e2n, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n \u00ab v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n di c\u01b0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 <\/em>\u00bb ; ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 Lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o cho vi\u1ec7c \u00ab s\u1ed1ng chung \u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u00bb : l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u00e2n c\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111ang d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ? V\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 theo ngh\u0129a ch\u1eb7t (v\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd) v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u00e1m r\u1ec5, c\u00f3 hai l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i : s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005, ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u00e0i qua \u0111\u1eddi : \u00ab Trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di c\u01b0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u0103n t\u00ednh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh \u0111a nguy\u00ean ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 ra b\u00ean l\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i theo l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c trong m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh c\u1edfi m\u1edf, kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng <\/em>\u00bb (S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p cho Ng\u00e0y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi di d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n, 2005).<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea1ch ra b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng y Vingt-Trois, trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e0n tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1edfi Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn ng\u00e0i, ng\u00e0y 14\/1\/2006 : \u00ab Gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0  c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng bi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00ab b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a \u00bb h\u1ecd trong n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef v\u00e0 vun tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 hay t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00f3<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u00ab ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c \u00bb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean \u00e1n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u00ab \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a \u00bb, v\u00ec l\u1ebd g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u00edt ra l\u00e0 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i : c\u00e1nh h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n danh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u00ab c\u0103n t\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c gia \u00bb, c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n danh vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u00ab m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u00bb\u2026. L\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00fd do \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc : Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Hi\u1ec7n Xu\u1ed1ng, khi ch\u00ednh Tin M\u1eebng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe b\u1edfi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (Cv 2, 6). Do \u0111\u00f3, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb l\u00fac khai sinh, l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t (c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o), nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng :  c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa c\u1ea7n chia s\u1ebb. Ch\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 cho \u00ab quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u00bb : \u00ab Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ! T\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 gi\u00fap cho ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa, m\u1ed9t qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ! Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y s\u1ed1ng t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7<\/em> ! \u00bb<\/p>\n

Quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t n\u00e0y, kh\u00e1 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1eefu tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng che gi\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt n\u0103m 2005 v\u1ec1 m\u00e0n che m\u1eb7t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm c\u1ea3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. C\u00e1c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i mang m\u00e0n che m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo h\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00ean \u0111i s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng h\u00f9a theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch qu\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00ab ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00bb (m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i), th\u00ec Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u00ab c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00bb v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00ab s\u1ed1ng chung \u00bb mang l\u1ea1i, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng\u2026. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c : n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, h\u1ecdp th\u00e0nh \u00ab c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u00bb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0u nguy\u1ec7n trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 theo phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng : m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00ab b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u00bb Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. Ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p, s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c giao ph\u00f3 cho \u1ee6y ban qu\u1ed1c gia M\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 di d\u00e2n (http:\/\/www.eglisemigrations.org\/<\/a>).<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u m\u00e0, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c : c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00ab s\u1ed1ng chung \u00bb v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch. Trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u1eadt ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng : \u00ab V\u00ec c\u00f4ng \u00edch, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadp c\u01b0, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn h\u1ecd<\/em>\u2026 \u00bb (GLGHCG, 2241).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/em><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u0103m lo b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, di c\u01b0 hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 sau n\u00e0y, C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n, trong Hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Gaudium et spes<\/em>, \u201ct\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u1ecd\u201d (s\u1ed1 66). \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II s\u1ebd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n: \u201cC\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh n\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u  c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00f2ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 c\u0103n c\u1edb, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chung s\u1ed1ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/em>\u201d (S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1996).  \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n khi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi quy\u1ec1n \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u0103m 2006, CECEF (H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Kit\u00f4 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng khai b\u00e0y t\u1ecf, trong th\u01b0 g\u1edfi cho Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u01a1i d\u1eady: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1edfi \u01b0u t\u01b0 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 gian l\u1eadn, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng trong d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu hay tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i hay c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p<\/em>\u201d (La Documentation catholique<\/em>, 21\/5\/2006, tr. 480). C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed AND \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0: m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, r\u00fat l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh h\u1ecdc, xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi quan ni\u1ec7m Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di tr\u00fa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd t\u00f9y th\u00e2n<\/em><\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u201ctrong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u01b0 tr\u00fa b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p\u201d (n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di tr\u00fa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd t\u00f9y th\u00e2n\u201d), \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y n\u1eefa, ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t: \u00ab Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 anh em. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, b\u1ecb b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m huynh \u0111\u1ec7 trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu\u2026<\/em>. \u00ab Ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec em ng\u01b0\u01a1i ?<\/em> \u00bb (x. St 4, 9-10). C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra<\/em> trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n do lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi<\/em> \u00bb (S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi di d\u00e2n n\u0103m 1996).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4, \u201cm\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0, x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh\u2026.M\u1ed9t quy ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00fa ban nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m hay kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn<\/em>\u201d (Di\u1ec5n v\u0103n cho c\u00e1c tham d\u1ef1 vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, Th\u00e0nh Vatican, 21\/2\/2017).<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1ch ki\u00ean tr\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft h\u1ecd, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, th\u00ec c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng khai kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 n\u0103m 2006 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn: \u201cPh\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ecd quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u00ean qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n hay b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ecf ra v\u1eeba phi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u1eeba c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0y<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0a tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o?<\/em><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng \u00edch). V\u00ec th\u1ebf, tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1ng c\u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef, r\u1ed3i \u201cb\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1edf v\u1ec1\u201d. \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng y Vingt-Trois, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1p nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i L\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1\/4\/2008: \u201cM\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef, m\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb em, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n phi nh\u00e2n. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i vui m\u1eebng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi n\u00e0y<\/em>\u201d. V\u00e0 ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u201ckhuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c thi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean h\u1ec7. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, hy v\u1ecdng t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0o r\u1ee7i ro nh\u1eadp c\u01b0. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia tham gia v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea7u c\u1eed<\/em>\u201d (la DC, 4\/5\/2008, tr. 435).<\/p>\n

\u1ede Ph\u00e1p, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n giam gi\u1eef n\u01a1i c\u00e1c Trung t\u00e2m giam gi\u1eef h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh (CRA) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, theo s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu ( \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh Phanxic\u00f4), v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2007 c\u1ee7a \u201cc\u00e1c v\u00f2ng thinh l\u1eb7ng<\/em>\u201d, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u1eeba b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba thi\u00eang li\u00eang, v\u1ed1n huy \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u00e1nh xa c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Tu\u00e2n theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p: \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?<\/em><\/p>\n

Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di tr\u00fa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd t\u00f9y th\u00e2n, khi \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cNg\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec em ng\u01b0\u01a1i?\u201d ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201ctrong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n do lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi<\/em>\u201d, th\u00ec ng\u00e0i m\u1edf ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t tu\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn lu\u00e2n l\u00fd ti\u00ean thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00f3a n\u00f3; trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n l\u00fd m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6\/2004, m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1p (5), \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn s\u1ed1 2242 c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5, theo l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 khi c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng.\u201d <\/em>M\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Saint-Etienne, cha Riffard, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u00f2a v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp trong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi di tr\u00fa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd t\u00f9y th\u00e2n, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh; ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Lebrun, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, khi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u01a1i d\u1eady ngay c\u1ea3 n\u01a1i \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung th\u00e0nh\u201d nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1996: \u201cV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi n\u00e0y nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f4i khi th\u00f9 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0<\/em>\u201d. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201c Khi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f3a b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i, th\u00ec Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean l\u00e0m cho ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe, k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng b\u00e1c \u00e1i<\/em> \u201d.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed1c do Di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng Th\u00e1nh Kinh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n, v\u00ec, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu lu\u00f4n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u201ccu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng chung\u201d h\u00e0i h\u00f2a, Th\u00e1nh Kinh l\u00e0m n\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n m\u1ea1ch Th\u00e1nh Kinh n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i quy chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn trong ph\u1ea1m vi thi\u00eang li\u00eang, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd hay \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Kinh, b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m, kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u201cngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u\u201d: \u201cC\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n  x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t Ai C\u1eadp<\/em>\u201d (Lv 19, 34). Do vi\u1ec7c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch l\u1ea1 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp (Mt 25, 35), n\u00ean th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1998: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Christian Mellon, s.j., nguy\u00ean th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban C\u00f4ng l\u00fd v\u00e0 H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1p.<\/em><\/p>\n

————————<\/p>\n

(*) Nguy\u00ean t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u00ab Migrations \u00bb. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh \u00ab Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 \u00bb, ctcnd.<\/p>\n

(1) Fran\u00e7ois Gemenne, \u00ab Une convention vaut mieux que deux tu l\u2019auras \u00bb, Projet 358, pp24-33.<\/p>\n

(2) S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y 15\/11\/2002, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong B. Fontaine, Les \u00c9glises, les migrants et les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s<\/em>, \u00e9d. de l\u2019Atelier, 2006, p. 19.<\/p>\n

(3) Nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp choUNESCO, n\u0103m 2007, b\u1edfi Antoine P\u00e9coud v\u00e0 Paul de Guchteneire, Migrations sans fronti\u00e8res, essais sur la libre circulation des personnes <\/em>(Editions Unesco, 2009).<\/p>\n

(4) Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, xem d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o b\u00e1o c\u00e1o theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao b\u1edfi Bertrand Badie, Emmanuel Decaux, Guillaume Devin v\u00e0 Catherine Wihtol de Wenden : Pour un autre regard sur les migrations, Construire une gouvernance mondiale<\/em> (La D\u00e9couverte, 2008).<\/p>\n

(5) Quand l\u2019\u00e9tranger frappe \u00e0 nos portes,<\/em> h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 do \u1ee6y ban Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, Documents-\u00c9piscopat 7\/8, 2004, fiche D4.<\/p>\n

—-<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u2013 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13599,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,36,31,48],"tags":[162],"class_list":["post-14099","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoc-thuyet-xa-hoi","category-lm-vo-xuan-tien","category-luan-ly","category-ty-linh","tag-di-dan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14099","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14099"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14099\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14100,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14099\/revisions\/14100"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14099"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14099"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14099"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}