![\"\"](\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/edithstein6.jpg\")
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Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trung h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1911 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Wroclaw, v\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef. Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef c\u0169ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eef gi\u1edbi. Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef gia nh\u1eadp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u00ab Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Ph\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 Quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u00bb. V\u1ec1 sau, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef vi\u1ebft : \u00ab Khi c\u00f2n sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb, t\u00f4i t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn. R\u1ed3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1ch quan <\/em>\u00bb.<\/p>\n V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1913, c\u00f4 sinh vi\u00ean Edith Stein \u0111\u1ebfn G\u00f4ttingen \u0111\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Edmund Husserl \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ; c\u00f4 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh lu\u1eadn \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, Husserl \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00e2n l\u00fd m\u1edbi m\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng : th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a Kant. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u00ab Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch quan lu\u1eadn \u00bb. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u1ede G\u00f4ttingen, Edith Stein \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p tri\u1ebft gia Max Scheler. Cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f4i k\u00e9o s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u1ed1n s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho c\u00f4 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1\/1915, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua k\u1ef3 th\u00ec c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u bang c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n Khi chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201c B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh<\/em>\u201d. C\u00f4 tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc y t\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00c1o. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. C\u00f4 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e1c b\u00eanh nh\u00e2n \u1edf khoa truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft khi c\u00f2n tu\u1ed5i thanh xu\u00e2n. Khi b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1916, c\u00f4 theo Husserl \u0111\u1ebfn Fribourg-en-Brisgau, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1917 c\u00f4 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u201csum cum laudae\u201d v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cV\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m\u201d. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 c\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, v\u1edbi gi\u1ecf h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ch\u00e1nh t\u00f2a Francfort v\u00e0 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat. \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb. Trong c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Tin L\u00e0nh m\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng lui t\u1edbi, c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111i l\u1ec5. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u1eafng v\u1ebb, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o th\u00e2n m\u1eadt. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra<\/em>\u201d. Trong c\u00e1c trang cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0, sau m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u00e3 tin l\u00e0 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em>\u201d. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n Edith Stein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n s\u00e2u xa v\u1edbi tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Husserl \u1edf G\u00f4ttingen, l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Adolph Reinach, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Adoph Reinach qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf Flandres v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11\/1917. Edith \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn G\u00f4ttingen. V\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Reinach \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Tin L\u00e0nh Luther. Edith mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng g\u1eb7p g\u00f3a ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kinh ng\u1ea1c, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t t\u00edn h\u1eefu. \u00ab \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ea7n linh m\u00e0 th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 truy\u1ec1n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e1c n\u00f3 [\u2026] \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng<\/em> \u00bb. V\u1ec1 sau Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft : \u00ab Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Trong t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m x\u00e1c t\u00edn s\u00e2u xa r\u1eb1ng \u2013 nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Ch\u00faa \u2013 s\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ngay c\u1ea3 trong nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea1ch ra theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch quan ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, n\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/em> \u00bb.V\u00e0o m\u00f9a Thu n\u0103m 1918, Edith Stein kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Husserl, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, Edith Stein \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Husserl v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1930. C\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. R\u1ed3i c\u00f4 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean : \u00ab Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a hy l\u1ec5 to\u00e0n thi\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong t\u00f4i <\/em>\u00bb.<\/p>\n Edith Stein ao \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Husserl \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o l\u00fac c\u00f4 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n : \u00ab N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1edfi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, th\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed c\u00f4 \u1ea5y h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y <\/em>\u00bb. V\u1ec1 sau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea5m c\u00f4 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y do ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Do Th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4.<\/p>\n Edith Stein tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Wroclaw. C\u00f4 vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u0103n kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdc T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc, Kierkegaard v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch linh thao c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Inhaxic\u00f4 Loyola. C\u00f4 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f3 n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n V\u00e0o m\u00f9a H\u00e8 n\u0103m 1921, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n \u1edf Bergzabern (Palatinat), trong t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 Hedwig Conrad-Martius, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Husserl. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng, B\u00e0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Tin L\u00e0nh Ph\u00fac \u00c2m. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u n\u1ecd, Edith t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed1n T\u1ef1 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh T\u00ear\u00easa Avial. C\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00f3 su\u1ed1t \u0111\u00eam. \u201cKhi t\u00f4i g\u1ea5p s\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/em>\u201d. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1ec1 sau c\u00f4 s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft: \u201cVi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 1\/1\/1922, Edith Stein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i. C\u00f4 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Hedwig, m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 sau khi t\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa<\/em>\u201d. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f4 s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u00fd th\u1ee9c , kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 N\u1ebfn, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn b\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00eam S\u1ee9c t\u1eeb Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Spire trong nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n Sau khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Wroclaw. \u201cTh\u01b0a m\u1eb9, con l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/em>\u201d. C\u1ea3 hai b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f3c. Hedwig Conrad-Martius vi\u1ebft : \u00ab T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi Israel v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai thi\u1ebfu ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh<\/em>\u201d (x. Ga 1, 47). Ngay sau khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, Edith ao \u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng C\u00e1t Minh, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh thi\u00eang li\u00eang v\u1edbi c\u00f4, Cha T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Spire v\u00e0 Cha Erich Przywara, S.J., \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00f4 l\u00e0m b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 Ph\u1ee5c sinh n\u0103m 1931, c\u00f4 d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a tu vi\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng \u0110a Minh \u1edf Madeleine de Spire. Theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cha Raphael Walzer, c\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u00ean quan ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. \u201cTrong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i sau khi t\u00f4i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i [\u2026] t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tu tr\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7n gian v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u00f4i \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n t\u1eeb ch\u00fang ta [\u2026]; t\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n, th\u00ec c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i \u2018ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh\u2019, theo ngh\u0129a h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do th\u1ea7n linh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1931, c\u00f4 k\u1ebft th\u00fac ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf Spire. C\u00f4 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y t\u1ef1 do \u1edf Wroclaw v\u00e0 Fribourg. V\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma Aquin\u00f4 : \u00ab Quy\u1ec1ng n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00bb. V\u1ec1 sau, c\u00f4 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u00ab H\u1eefu th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 H\u1eefu th\u1ec3 v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng \u00bb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong tu vi\u1ec7n C\u00e1t Minh \u1edf Cologne. \u0110i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. \u00ab N\u1ebfu \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, th\u00ec \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o cho t\u00f4i n\u1eefa \u00bb. \u00ab T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb xa l\u1ea1 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00bb<\/em>.<\/p>\n V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1933, b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i ph\u1ee7 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c. \u00ab T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc khe ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i : nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i ch\u1ee3t hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1eb7ng tay tr\u00ean d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 Walzer de Beuron kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n c\u00f4 v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng C\u00e1t Minh n\u1eefa. N\u0103m 1933 c\u00f4 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n M\u1eb9 B\u1ec1 tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111an vi\u1ec7n C\u00e1t Minh \u1edf Cologne. \u00ab Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00fang ta, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. T\u00f4i khao kh\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3 n\u00e0y<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa Edith Stein tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Wroclaw \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f4 tr\u1ea3i qua n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 12\/10, ng\u00e0y sinh nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y L\u1ec5 L\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i. Edith c\u00f9ng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 kh\u00f3c v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u00ab T\u1ea1i sao con \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft Ng\u00e0i (Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4) ? <\/em>M\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i g\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Ng\u00e0i. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao Ng\u00e0i t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa ?<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n xe l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ebfn Cologne. Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef vi\u1ebft : \u00ab T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m vui s\u00e2u xa. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau t\u00f4i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kinh kh\u1ee7ng. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh t\u00e2m \u2013 trong s\u1ef1 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 14\/10, Edith Stein v\u00e0o \u0111an vi\u1ec7n C\u00e1t Minh \u1edf Cologne. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1934, ng\u00e0y 14\/4, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef m\u1eb7c \u00e1o d\u00f2ng. Vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee5 de Beuron c\u1eed h\u00e0nh th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5. T\u1eeb gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat n\u00e0y, Edith Stein s\u1ebd mang t\u00ean n\u1eef tu T\u00ear\u00easa B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edcta Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1.N\u0103m 1938, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef vi\u1ebft : \u00ab D\u01b0\u1edbi Th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 (1933) \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c loan b\u00e1o. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eadn nh\u00e2n danh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y nay t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, l\u00e0m hi\u1ec1n th\u00ea c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 Th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m<\/em> \u00bb. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 21\/4\/1935, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef kh\u1ea5n t\u1ea1m. Ng\u00e0y 14\/9\/1936, v\u00e0o l\u00fac Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef kh\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i, m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf Wroclaw. Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef vi\u1ebft : \u00ab Cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i v\u1eabn trung t\u00edn v\u1edbi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa [\u2026] l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu trong c\u01a1n h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00ean t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n r\u1ea5t khoan dung v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap trung th\u00e0nh nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y tuy\u00ean kh\u1ea5n tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef 21\/4\/1938, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 cho in nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Gioan Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh m\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh : \u00ab T\u1eeb nay nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c Edith Stein v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng C\u00e1t Minh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n. Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft : \u00ab Ai v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng C\u00e1t Minh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f2n g\u1ea7n g\u0169i h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y cho Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00bb. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y cho Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00ab T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Esther, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5t \u0111i kh\u1ecfi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9c vua. T\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Esther nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Vua, \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u00f4i th\u00ec v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn lao v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i <\/em>\u00bb (31\/10\/1938).<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 9\/11\/1938, s\u1ef1 h\u1eadn th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t. S\u1ef1 kinh ho\u00e0ng lan r\u1ed9ng n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i. M\u1eb9 B\u1ec1 tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng C\u00e1t Minh \u1edf Cologne \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Trong \u0111\u00eam 1\/1\/1939, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi H\u00e0 Lan v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111an vi\u1ec7n C\u00e1t Minh \u1edf Echt. V\u00e0 \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0y Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft di ch\u00fac v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9\/6\/1939 : \u00ab B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vui m\u1eebng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, trong s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 theo th\u00e1nh \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i c\u1ea7u xin Ch\u00faa ch\u1eadp nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i [\u2026] \u0111\u1ec3 Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 cao c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n r\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi <\/em>\u00bb.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 2\/8\/1942, Gestapo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. Edith Stein \u0111ang \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1eef tu kh\u00e1c. Trong v\u00f2ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y 5 ph\u00fat, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb Rose c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u01a1i c\u00e1c n\u1eef tu C\u00e1t Minh \u1edf Echt. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Edith Stein m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 nghe \u1edf Echt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb m\u00ecnh : \u00ab N\u00e0o, ch\u00fang ta ra \u0111i v\u00ec d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/em> \u00bb. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, hai ch\u1ecb em \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1i t\u1eadp trung Westerbork. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c H\u00e0 Lan ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0y \u0111i giam ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i. \u00ab Vi\u1ec7c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ecb em t\u00f4i v\u00e0 anh em t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c [\u2026] ; m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd t\u00f4i c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho h\u1ecd. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ? Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c t\u00edn, Ng\u00e0i l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau kh\u00f3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd<\/em> \u00bb. V\u1ec1 sau, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Jan Nota, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft : \u00ab \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n V\u00e0o r\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 7\/8\/1942, m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n xe ch\u1edf 987 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 Auschwitz. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9\/8\/1942, Edith Stein, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb Rose c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng h\u01a1i ng\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1i Auschwitz.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c phong ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc cho Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef trong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ch\u00e1nh t\u00f2a Cologne, ng\u00e0y 1\/5\/1987, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, \u00ab m\u1ed9t n\u1eef t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Israel, m\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 v\u1eabn k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7p trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n Th\u00e1nh T\u00ear\u00easa B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edcta Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u00e1u v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh b\u1ed5n m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 k\u00ednh nh\u1edb Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 9\/8 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n T\u00fd Linh<\/p>\n (theo vatican.va<\/a> , h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: internet)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12\/10\/1891, khi Edith Stein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf Wroclaw (th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Breslau), ng\u01b0\u1eddi con cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a 11 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con, th\u00ec gia […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15605,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,8,28,48],"tags":[166,168],"class_list":["post-15598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lm-vo-xuan-tien","category-the-gioi","category-tu-si","category-ty-linh","tag-cac-thanh","tag-cac-thanh-nhan-vat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15598","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15598"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15598\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15611,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15598\/revisions\/15611"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15605"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15598"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15598"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15598"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/edithstein1-732x1024.jpg\")
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