{"id":16831,"date":"2021-10-22T21:45:54","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T14:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=16831"},"modified":"2021-10-22T21:45:54","modified_gmt":"2021-10-22T14:45:54","slug":"ve-tam-bia-chu-han-tren-mo-duc-cha-francois-pallu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/ve-tam-bia-chu-han-tren-mo-duc-cha-francois-pallu\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ec0 T\u1ea4M BIA CH\u1eee H\u00c1N TR\u00caN M\u1ed8 \u0110\u1ee8C CHA FRAN\u00c7OIS PALLU"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16832\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Pallu.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Pallu.jpg 333w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Pallu-250x300.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Di \u1ea3nh \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu<\/em><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong cu\u1ed1n <em>Ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu &amp; \u0110\u1ee9c cha Lambert de la Motte <\/em>do H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam (H\u0110GMVN) \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020, t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m bia m\u1ed9<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 m\u1edd. R\u1ea5t may, c\u0169ng t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a linh m\u1ee5c Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu, v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n tr\u00ean bia m\u1ed9<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16833\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo.jpg 771w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo-300x142.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo-768x365.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef tr\u00ean bia m\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m bia, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in trong <em>T\u1eadp san H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><em>,<\/em> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u00f5 n\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16834\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"711\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo1.jpg 612w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo1-211x300.jpg 211w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1ea5m bia trong <\/em><em>T\u1eadp san H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh bia m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a linh m\u1ee5c P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea5m bia m\u1ed9 theo b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec3m sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/li>\n<li>Xem x\u00e9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/li>\n<li>Ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m bia<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00f4ng tin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>Nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u1ea5m bia g\u1ed3m n\u0103m h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef d\u1ecdc, t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i sang tr\u00e1i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 1 g\u1ed3m 20 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 2 g\u1ed3m 17 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 3 g\u1ed3m 9 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 4 g\u1ed3m 11 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 5 g\u1ed3m 18 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u nhau. Ch\u1eef \u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 ba l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, \u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, \u1edf nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, ch\u1eef c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u0103n m\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa \u0111\u01b0a ra, nh\u01b0 trong t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh bia m\u1ed9, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n qua l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh bia m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed3n th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n bia m\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 1: \u8af1\u6fdf\u5404\u6cdb\u862d\u6fdf\u4e9e\u56fd\u6e21\u502b\u5e9c\u4eba\u5e74\u516d\u5341\u4e00\u6b72\u7678\u4ea5\u5e74&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 2: \u5165\u83ef\u4e8e\u7532\u5b50\u5e74\u4e5d\u6708\u5eff\u4e00\u65e5\u5352\u5728\u7a46\u6c34\u8056\u5802<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 3: <strong>\u6cf0\u897f\u53f8\u6559\u65b9\u516c\u5148\u751f\u5893<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 4: \u5149\u7dd2\u4e8c\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u50b3\u6559\u4e8b\u90b1\u4fee<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 5: \u5eb7\u7199\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u521d\u516d\u65e5\u9580\u4eba\u984f\u74ab\u7b49\u5fd7<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1ea5m bia, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n m\u00e0 Gu\u00e9neau ghi l\u1ea1i<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1ea7m ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 16 \u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ch\u1eef \u74ab, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh \u7cb4.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><strong><em>Xem x\u00e9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Phi\u00ean \u00e2m:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 1: HU\u00dd T\u1ebe C\u00c1C PHI\u1ebeM LAN T\u1ebe \u00c1 QU\u1ed0C \u0110\u1ed8 LU\u00c2N PH\u1ee6 NH\u00c2N NI\u00caN L\u1ee4C TH\u1eacP NH\u1ea4T TU\u1ebe QU\u00cd H\u1ee2I NI\u00caN<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 2: NH\u1eacP HOA VU GI\u00c1P T\u00cd NI\u00caN C\u1eecU NGUY\u1ec6T CH\u1ea4P NH\u1ea4T NH\u1eacT TU\u1ea4T T\u1ea0I M\u1ee4C THU\u1ef6 TH\u00c1NH \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 3: <strong>TH\u00c1I T\u00c2Y T\u01af GI\u00c1O PH\u01af\u01a0NG C\u00d4NG TI\u00caN SINH M\u1ed8<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 4: QUANG T\u1ef0 NH\u1eca NI\u00caN T\u1ee8 NGUY\u1ec6T TRUY\u1ec0N GI\u00c1O S\u1ef0 KH\u00c2U TU<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng 5: KHANH HI NH\u1eca TH\u1eacP TAM NI\u00caN TH\u1eacP NH\u1eca NGUY\u1ec6T S\u01a0 L\u1ee4C NH\u1eacT M\u00d4N NH\u00c2N NHAN \u0110ANG \u0110\u1eb2NG CH\u00cd. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 ba l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u1eef <em>th\u00e1i, <\/em>c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mang ngh\u0129a t\u00f4n k\u00ednh (en honneur de) nh\u01b0 Gu\u00e9neau \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>. Hai ch\u1eef <em>th\u00e1i t\u00e2y <\/em>d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, hay Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. V\u1ec1 hai ch\u1eef <em>t\u01b0 gi\u00e1o<\/em>, Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 Thanh<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau: <em>M\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n Th\u1ea7y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ba ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch: <em>T\u00ean hu\u00fd T\u1ebf C\u00e1c<\/em>. Th\u1ef1c ra, theo c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o bia m\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh danh, t\u1ee9c t\u00ean hay \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean hu\u00fd (T\u1ebf C\u00e1c), v\u00e0 t\u00ednh, t\u1ee9c h\u1ecd (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng). Do v\u1eady, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 <em>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ebf C\u00e1c<\/em>. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi Thanh phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u00ean ri\u00eang Fran\u00e7ois. <em>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ebf C\u00e1c<\/em> \u0111\u1ecdc theo \u00e2m B\u1eafc Kinh hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 <em>fang-ji-g\u00e8,<\/em> Gu\u00e9neau c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ghi theo phi\u00ean \u00e2m Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng <em>fang-tsi-co. <\/em>C\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u00e2m Phanxic\u00f4 trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c ch\u1eef <em>Phi\u1ebfm Lan T\u1ebf \u00c1 <\/em>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch phi\u00ean \u00e2m ra ti\u1ebfng Hoa t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. Phi\u00ean \u00e2m B\u1eafc Kinh hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 <em>f\u00e0n-l\u00e1n-ji-y\u00e0, <\/em>Gu\u00e9neau phi\u00ean \u00e2m th\u00e0nh <em>fa-lan-tsi-ia<\/em> v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a France. Th\u1ef1c ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u1eeb t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Francia, ti\u1ebfng Latinh. Hai ch\u1eef <em>\u0111\u1ed9 lu\u00e2n, <\/em>phi\u00ean \u00e2m B\u1eafc Kinh hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 <em>d\u00f9-l\u00fan, <\/em>Gu\u00e9neau phi\u00ean \u00e2m th\u00e0nh <em>tou-len <\/em>v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch ba ch\u1eef <em>\u0111\u1ed9 lu\u00e2n ph\u1ee7 <\/em>th\u00e0nh <em>Touraine pr\u00e9fecture<\/em>, t\u1ee9c <em>ph\u1ee7 Touraine, <\/em>th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Tours, qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng \u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u sao Gu\u00e9neau l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u8af1, th\u00e0nh <em>Fang<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><em>. <\/em>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eaft sau ch\u1eef <em>tu\u1ebf,<\/em> v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau: <em>T\u00ean hu\u00fd T\u1ebf C\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee7 Touraine, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, 61 tu\u1ed5i.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ba ch\u1eef cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t g\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai, ng\u1eaft sau ch\u1eef <em>Hoa, <\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau: <em>V\u00e0o Trung Hoa n\u0103m Qu\u00ed H\u1ee3i<\/em>. Ph\u1ea7n sau c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau: <em>Qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ee5c Thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p T\u00ed. <\/em>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau: <em>T\u00ean hu\u00fd <\/em>[<em>Phan<\/em>]<em>xic\u00f4, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee7 Touraine, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, 61 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0o Trung Hoa n\u0103m Qu\u00ed H\u1ee3i, qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ee5c Thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p T\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: <em>Th\u1eeba sai Kh\u00e2u<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a><em> tu s\u1eeda v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai th\u1eddi Quang T\u1ef1.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 n\u0103m c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: <em>Nhan \u0110ang<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a><em> c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 6 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 23 th\u1eddi Khang Hi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3. Ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m bia &nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u1ea5m bia cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, t\u1ea5m bia cho bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Hoa v\u00e0o n\u0103m Qu\u00ed H\u1ee3i, qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p T\u00ed. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu \u0111\u1ebfn Tchang-tcheou (t\u1ee9c Tuy\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u) ng\u00e0y 27-1-1684<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m Qu\u00ed H\u1ee3i theo l\u1ecbch Trung Hoa, v\u00ec n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p T\u00ed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y 15-2-1684<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a>. C\u0169ng theo t\u1ea5m bia, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu qua \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p T\u00ed. Chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c cha qua \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 29-10-1684<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a>. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ec1 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m bia, Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa cho r\u1eb1ng khi tr\u00f9ng tu ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu, v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai h\u1ecd Kh\u00e2u (t\u1ee9c linh m\u1ee5c Sautel d\u00f2ng \u0110aminh) \u0111\u00e3 ghi th\u00eam v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m bia nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1eeda sang m\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n, <em>th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 hai th\u1eddi Quang T\u1ef1<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a>, t\u1ee9c th\u00e1ng 5-1874. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u00e0m \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m bia nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m bia m\u00e0 Charles Maigrot c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 cho kh\u1eafc v\u00e0o <em>ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 6 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 23 th\u1eddi Khang Hi<\/em>, t\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 10-1-1685<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, Gu\u00e9neau l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m bia v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00ed do sau \u0111\u00e2y: (1) t\u1ea5m bia nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef ghi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00f9ng tu, n\u1ebfu th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m bia kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u00f3i quen t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa; (2) trong V\u0103n kh\u1ed1 H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n sao t\u1ea5m bia b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Latinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f9ng tu, v\u1edbi ba h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ba h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m bia: h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef \u8af1, k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef&nbsp;\u5802; h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean tr\u00e1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef \u5eb7, k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef&nbsp;\u5fd7; h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef \u6cf0, k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef \u5893. Gu\u00e9neau suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ghi th\u00eam th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00f9ng tu \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng cho t\u1ea5m bia<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y, Gu\u00e9neau nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m bia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00f9ng tu<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Gu\u00e9neau. L\u00ed do th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Gu\u00e9neau n\u00eau ra kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng, v\u00ec tr\u00ean c\u00e1c bia m\u1ed9 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef hai b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp sao cho ti\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o nh\u01b0 trong h\u00ecnh ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m bia v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nhau. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, theo gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Gu\u00e9neau, nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef \u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i trong t\u1ea5m bia nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n nay. X\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-16835\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"743\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo2.jpg 539w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/biamo2-202x300.jpg 202w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u00ed do th\u1ee9 hai d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00f2n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef trong V\u0103n kh\u1ed1 H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris, v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t \u1edf tr\u00ean, hai h\u00e0ng ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u v\u0103n duy nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ng\u01b0\u1eddi sao ch\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ghi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Gu\u00e9neau \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft sai, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft \u1edf sau ch\u1eef \u5e74 \u1edf h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch sai n\u0103m qua \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu l\u00e0 n\u0103m Qu\u00ed H\u1ee3i<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a>. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft, hai h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef nh\u1ecf b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i (h\u00e0ng 1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng 2) v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1eef b\u00ean tr\u00e1i (h\u00e0ng 5) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhau. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0ng 4 ghi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00f9ng tu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 d\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m bia m\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 trong h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m bia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Charles Maigrot cho d\u1ef1ng khi x\u00e2y m\u1ed9, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1685. H\u00e0ng ch\u1eef th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc th\u00eam v\u00e0o khi Sautel cho tr\u00f9ng tu ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1874. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00f4ng tin<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u1ede ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, t\u1ea5m bia cho bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ee5c Thu\u1ef7. Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ee5c Thu\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u1edf v\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n M\u1ee5c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Ph\u00fac An hi\u1ec7n nay. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng M\u1ee5c Thu\u1ef7 ch\u1ea3y qua n\u01a1i n\u00e0y<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i l\u1eadp m\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu, Gu\u00e9neau cho bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb M\u1ee5c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y, b\u0103ng qua m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng trong kho\u1ea3ng n\u1eeda gi\u1edd. Gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9, c\u00f3 ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng Kong-shu. T\u1eeb ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng Kong-shu, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0i m\u00e9t. Ph\u00eda sau qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00e3y n\u00fai nh\u1ecf, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh phong c\u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh. Ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed3i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eefu \u00edch cho nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n th\u0103m l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i m\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i Di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng To\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 an ngh\u1ec9 trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i, 228 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu qua \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 29-10-1684. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1912, di c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng. R\u1ed3i n\u0103m 1954, di c\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris. Khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i t\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi bi\u1ebft bao nguy hi\u1ec3m, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 c\u1eadn k\u1ec1. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n ch\u00e1y b\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u00e9n h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c t\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nguy\u1ec7n xin Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u00e2n th\u01b0\u1edfng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i t\u1edb trung t\u00edn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh! &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Vinhs\u01a1n Tr\u1ea7n Minh Th\u1ef1c, PSS<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> X. H\u0110GMVN, <em>Ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu &amp; \u0110\u1ee9c cha Lambert de la Motte,<\/em> (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 2020), trang 54.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa c\u00f3 nhan \u0111\u1ec1 \u201c\u5df4\u9ece\u5916\u65b9\u4f20\u6559\u4f1a\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u9646\u65b9\u6d4e\u201d, in trong t\u1eadp san <em>Catholic Church in China<\/em>, s\u1ed1 3 n\u0103m 2013, trang 55-56.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> T\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ngh\u0129a trang v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in \u1edf nh\u1eefng trang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong <em>Annales de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Missions-\u00c9trang\u00e8res et de l\u2019\u0153uvre des partants, <\/em>s\u1ed1 91 (Paris 1913), li\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u00ab&nbsp;Les restes mortels de Mgr Pallu revenus \u00e0 la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Missions-\u00c9trang\u00e8res&nbsp;\u00bb, trang 3-17.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> X. P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 13.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> X. P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 12-13.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> X. Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa, \u0111d, trang 55.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> X. P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 12-13.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 13 cho bi\u1ebft <em>Kh\u00e2u <\/em>(\u90b1) l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi trong ti\u1ebfng Hoa c\u1ee7a linh m\u1ee5c Sautel; c\u00f2n L. Baudiment, <em>Fran\u00e7ois Pallu, principal fondateur des Missions \u00c9trang\u00e8res de Paris (1626-1684)<\/em>, (Paris 2006), trang 570 cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam Sautel thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng \u0110aminh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> L. Baudiment, <em>s\u0111d<\/em>, trang 521 cho bi\u1ebft <em>Nhan \u0110ang <\/em>ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Maigrot. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu qua \u0111\u1eddi, cha Charles Maigrot l\u00e0 cha ch\u00ednh r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u0103m 1687, cha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i Di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng To\u00e0 Ph\u00fac Ki\u1ebfn. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> X. A. Launay, <em>M\u00e9morial de la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 des Missions-\u00c9trang\u00e8res 1658-1913, <\/em>(Paris 1916), trang 489.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> X. L. Baudiment, <em>s\u0111d<\/em>, trang 570.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> X. A. Launay, <em>s\u0111d<\/em>, trang 489.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> X. Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa, \u0111d, trang 56.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> X. L. Baudiment, <em>s\u0111d<\/em>, trang 570.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> X. P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> X. P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 5.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> X. P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 13.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> X. Tr\u1ea7n Khai Hoa, \u0111d, trang 56.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> X. P. G. Gu\u00e9neau, \u0111d<em>,<\/em> trang 4-5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Di \u1ea3nh \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,9],"tags":[85,172],"class_list":["post-16831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-the-gioi","category-viet-nam","tag-a-chau","tag-van-hoa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16831"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16831\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16836,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16831\/revisions\/16836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}