{"id":1740,"date":"2013-02-15T17:40:59","date_gmt":"2013-02-15T10:40:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=1740"},"modified":"2013-02-16T18:16:12","modified_gmt":"2013-02-16T11:16:12","slug":"cuoc-chien-truong-ky-chong-lai-gia-dinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/cuoc-chien-truong-ky-chong-lai-gia-dinh\/","title":{"rendered":"CU\u1ed8C CHI\u1ebeN TR\u01af\u1edcNG K\u1ef2 CH\u1ed0NG L\u1ea0I GIA \u0110\u00ccNH"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u tuy\u1ec3n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1ed1n,kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i,d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u,t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xin k\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u00e2y ba : (1) S\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m cho nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi k\u00e9m t\u1ef1 do h\u01a1n (2) S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 (3) s\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t sinh l\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ba \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho ba l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o b\u00e0i gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong 150 n\u0103m qua. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx; \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft \u01b0u sinh; \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c\u00a0 nh\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay qu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn s\u0103n l\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kinh ng\u1ea1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ea1n n\u1ea1o ph\u00e1 thai; ch\u00fang t\u00f4i lo \u00e2u v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n ly d\u1ecb; ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0\u00a0 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 vang l\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh lang, n\u1ebfu gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd d\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ed7i b\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sao \u201cgia \u0111\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 trong hai b\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp theo (*), t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i ra ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1eafn g\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00edch cho ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

(*) TU ES PETRUS g\u1ed9p c\u1ea3 ba ph\u1ea7n (b\u00e0i) trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Chung cho c\u1ea3 Marx l\u1eabn Engels l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng mang \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. Trong b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Gia \u0110\u00ecnh, T\u01b0 H\u1eefu v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc (1884), ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Karl Marx,Friedrich Engels \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ao \u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfm h\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi – t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a sa ng\u00e3 trong ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx \u2013 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng mong \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho h\u1eadu th\u1ebf. Trong gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Engels, xu th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y\u00a0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i l\u00e0m tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed3ng. Nam gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t danh ph\u1eadn h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u1eef gi\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nam gi\u1edbi,\u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u201cm\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t con c\u00e1i\u201d.Trong c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Engels s\u1ef1 n\u00f4 d\u1ecbch ho\u00e1 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u01b0 h\u1eefu sang nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quy\u1ec1n s\u1ee1 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1eddi sau gia t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, nam gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quan t\u00e2m nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n con c\u00e1i n\u1eefa. M\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0m h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n tr\u1ed7i l\u00ean,ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t,th\u00ec h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. K\u1ebft th\u00fac l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c s\u1ebd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Engels ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ebd gi\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00e1t cho c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u1eabn lu\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00f3. Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a n\u1ea7y,\u201dgia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t h\u1ebft c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cs\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ea7n d\u00e0 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 giao h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n\u201d. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean Freud kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ki\u1ebfm t\u00ecm.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Engels \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 : ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi,gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00f9i d\u1ea7n. Khi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i,ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ra ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp thu,ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00edt l\u00fd do c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1n l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb em ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1t sao bi\u1ebft bao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ea7y : d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n,h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i\u00a0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i g\u1eedi con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd cho nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang ta. Khi con c\u00e1i t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i l\u00ean ba \u0103n hai b\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1,th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi cha m\u1eb9 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. Con c\u00e1i c\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1edd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1edd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d,v\u00e0 khi nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda tr\u1ed1ng v\u1eafng, th\u00ec con c\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sang n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c,th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u1eadu trai v\u00e0 c\u00f4 g\u00e1i s\u1edbm b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc,tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed3i b\u00e9o b\u1edf cho c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u0103n ho\u00e1 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb\u201d – g\u1ed3m nh\u1ea1c pop,\u00e1o qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00fa ti\u00eau khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4 b\u1ec9 theo \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c,th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng con c\u00e1i c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 xem ra l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f9a khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cha l\u00e0m m\u1eb9. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 huynh, c\u00e1c hy sinh t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 xem ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n.H\u1eb3n nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u1ea7y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1eafm m\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau ch\u00ed. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m cu\u1ed1i xe bu\u00fdt n\u01a1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i quay l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m cho sinh ho\u1ea1t \u00a0\u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c,vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m,c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n,s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c n\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n sang.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau Marx v\u00e0 Engels, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha L\u00ea\u00f4 XIII hi\u1ec3u r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e do\u1ea1 trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. T\u00e2n S\u1ef1 (Rerum Novarum \u2013 1891) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng,m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 thuy\u1ec1n.C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9 cho th\u1ea5y.\u201dXin ch\u00fa \u00fd, v\u00ec th\u1ebf gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ea7y,m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf b\u00e9,nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o!\u201d. S\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee3i \u1edf nguy hi\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng chung trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p may m\u1eafn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i (theo nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx) b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c. Trong \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o gia \u0111\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111e do\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do.Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hy sinh t\u1ef1 do \u00fd ch\u00ed. Nh\u01b0 Simone de Beauvoir \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh,trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n,\u201dng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 c\u00f9ng nhau tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 \u00e1p b\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp ra\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i, s\u1ef1 \u00e1p ch\u1ebf n\u1ea7y – m\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t,- kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n,m\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1. Ngay c\u1ea3 qua nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u1ebb nh\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u sang,s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t n\u00fai nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960,nh\u01b0 The\u00a0 Second Sex (gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh th\u1ee9 hai) v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n Feminine Mystique (N\u1eef t\u00ednh k\u1ef3 b\u00ed) c\u1ee7a Betty Friedman. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nam gi\u1edbi, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n. H\u1ecd ch\u1ecbu \u00edt tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n,\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1ebf m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 giao h\u1ee3p tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n (\u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam ch\u1ee9ng c\u1eeb,xin \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n The Case of Marriage c\u1ee7a Linda Waite v\u00e0 Maggie Gallagher). Ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n [ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i. ND], ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 8% n\u1eef gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i h\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft h\u00f4n. Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx<\/strong> r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.Nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfp theo,ng\u00f3n tay \u0111ang v\u1eaby l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng sang tr\u1ebb em<\/em>. N\u1ebfu n\u1eef gi\u1edbi mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi (theo d\u00f2ng suy t\u01b0 n\u1ea7y),th\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea1t v\u1edbi con \u0111\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u,vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111ai ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u1ea1o ph\u00e1 thai \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai,b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi n\u1ea1o ph\u00e1 thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng khai n\u0103m 1992 do To\u00e0 \u00e1n T\u1ed1i cao Hoa K\u1ef3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 Gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i Casey<\/em>,v\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u0103m 1973 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 n\u1ea1o ph\u00e1 thai trong v\u1ee5 Roe ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Wade <\/em>b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng ghi nh\u1edb n\u1ea7y :<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt Roe v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a bang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u00e2t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0,\u0111\u00e3 hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u1ed1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nhau v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 thai trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi tham gia m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1eddi s\u00f4ng inh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/em><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 dung th\u1ee9 n\u1ea1o ph\u00e1 thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t theo sau m\u1ed9t khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai,nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh n\u00f3. N\u0103m 1930, Anh gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. V\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y, nguy\u00ean T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Canterbury,Rowan Williams, c\u0169ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi bao cao su l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n l\u00ean \u00e1n th\u00f3i giao h\u1ee3p qua h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. T\u00e1ch t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u1ea7y, Williams \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/em><\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai,th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean \u00e1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 giao h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Kinh Th\u00e1nh r\u1ea5t m\u1eadp m\u1edd, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng Kinh Th\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean,\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 m\u00e3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn cac c\u00e2u tr\u00fac t\u00e2m l\u00fd.<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u00f4-gic c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Anh gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf,t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u2013 bao l\u00e2u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y. Trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch c\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh nam \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o La M\u00e3 nay \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01a1 tr\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng thanh b\u00e1c b\u1ecf ng\u1eeba tr\u00e1nh thai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o,tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ecdi kh\u1ed1i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o n\u0103m 1930 \u2013 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c – ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00ecnh tri\u1ec7t s\u1ea3n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi hay v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0nh vi v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng,m\u00e0 c\u00f2n hu\u1ef7 ho\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0. Nh\u01b0 Mahatma Gandhi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u0103m 1925,\u201dT\u00f4i th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra sinh \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.\u00a0 B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i n\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a giao \u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o, phong tr\u00e0o \u01b0u sinh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i sinh s\u1ea3n do Margaret Sanger (1879 \u2013 1966) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec qua K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh,\u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i m\u00e0 con c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf.S\u1ef1 chu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i n\u00e0o s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f2i bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n s\u00e1t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng con c\u00e1i b\u00e9 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta,th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m cho l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean chai \u0111\u00e1, ch\u00fang ta nay ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cho vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i. Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1,nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t khi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 con g\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn,ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i con c\u00e1i,ngaqy nay \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 bac\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u1eafm tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi n\u1eef gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 ba m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb h\u01a1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c loan b\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec d\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t trong m\u1ecdi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0: \u00a0gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n v\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7,sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc l\u1eabn tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ngoan ngo\u00e3n khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cgi\u1edbi t\u00ednh\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. T\u1eeb ng\u1eef gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh <\/em>nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u1eeb m\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c,gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng trung t\u00ednh: con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n (v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu) quen bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn cho quy\u1ec1n \u0111i b\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1eef gi\u1edbi tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t chung. Nay h\u1ecd kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh phi l\u00fd n\u1eef t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung.<\/p>\n

V\u1ebf s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ebbm ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea7y,m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1n A Vindication of the Rights of Women <\/em>[M\u1ed9t x\u00e1c minh N\u1eef Quy\u1ec1n.ND] (1792) c\u1ee7a Mary Wollstonecraft. Nh\u00ecn chung, ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111i theo nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc h\u1eadu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i,Luce Irigaray,b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng\u00a0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u1eef gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00fd tr\u00ed,m\u00e0 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1i t\u1eeb l\u00fd tr\u00ed. H\u00e3y k\u1ec3 ra m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5,trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m This Sex Which Is Not One <\/em>(Gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh n\u1ea7y v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9c Nh\u1ea5t) c\u1ee7a B\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta nghe th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u201cNh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 ngay t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 l\u00fd tr\u00ed,kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o nghe h\u1ecd v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng to\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong tay\u201d. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u1ea7y mong kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i cho n\u1eef gi\u1edbi chia s\u1ebb t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc nh\u1ea5t. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u,kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o l\u00fd tr\u00ed,c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi. C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u1eef gi\u1edbi tham gia v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u201cs\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd\u201d kh\u00e1c nhau,ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u1eef gi\u1edbi \u2013 v\u00ec \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u01b0\u1edbc ao chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t l\u00fd tr\u00ed chung,c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh n\u1eef c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n;nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5,m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh th\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u1eefa anh ch\u1ecb em.gi\u1eefa v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng,gi\u1eefa m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con trai. (Irigaray \u00edt ra c\u0169ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 tin r\u1eb1 g h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n khi t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi gia \u0111\u00ecnh). Kh\u00f4ng mong b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i nh\u00e3n l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh,kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1edbi, Irigaray \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00fa nh\u1ee5c d\u1ee5c \u0111a h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i\u201d. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 gi\u1edbi t\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ph\u00f2ng thay qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o (c\u00f3 t\u1ee7 kho\u00e1) s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u00e1o \u0111i; gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o, t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 c\u1ef1u tr\u00e0o,\u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 bao dung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh. Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ee9c XVI nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y trong b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng l\u1ec5 Gi\u00e1ng Sinh, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.\u201dNh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh hai m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng, th\u00ec gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. C\u0169ng v\u1eady,\u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi n\u00f3\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ef3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u1ea7y ra sao?<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i n\u1ea7y,t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t \u00ect g\u1ee3i \u00fd.<\/p>\n

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C\u00f3 ba \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u2013 (1) S\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u00f4 l\u00ea ho\u00e1.\u00a0 (2). r\u1eb1ng con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng\u00a0\u00a0 v\u00e0 (3). r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e0c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng. Ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? T\u00f4i mong k\u1ec1t th\u00fac c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c suy t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec? Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, \u1edf g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u1ea7y tr\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1ea9n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3i b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do\u201d. Trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a C\u1ed1 Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ea7y n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00e2n l\u00fd,\u201dm\u00e0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. (Familiaris Consortio 6). Thay cho m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh y\u00eau t\u1ef1 hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. Kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau t\u1ef1 trao hi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111ang c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a nam gi\u1edbi l\u1eabn gia t\u0103ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1eef gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn. B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edbng,b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t \u2013 n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c kinh t\u1ebf. Ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00fac n\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n duy v\u1eadt v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111i qua b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch nghi. V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Marx, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c coi t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ea1i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u00e0? C\u1ee9 cho l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nay \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i tho\u1ea1t nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0. S\u1edf th\u00edch n\u1ea7y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u n\u01a1i c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Pew g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, khi c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh quan tro\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd,th\u00ec 51% \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 ra c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd; 29% k\u1ec3 ra nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf,trong khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1% k\u1ec3 ra c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 mong \u0111\u1ee3i m\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t huy h\u1ebft n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c trong nh\u00e0? H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u00e0i d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd tu\u1ed5i thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c n\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1ebf c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Su\u1ed1t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 \u01a1n g\u1ecdi gia \u0111\u00ecnh, g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u1ed1i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ee9c Giosn-Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng,trong khi vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng khai theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c,th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t. Su\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II, nh\u01b0 trong T\u00f4ng th\u01b0 Mulieris Dignitatem<\/em> (Ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef) v\u00e0 Letter to Families<\/em> (Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c Gia \u0110\u00ecnh) c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi,\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd qua t\u00ecnh y\u00eau t\u1ef1 hi\u1ebfn. N\u01a1i n\u1eef gi\u1edbi,vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 trao ban \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng qua vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ecnh m\u1eabu t\u1eed n\u01a1i n\u1eef gi\u1edbi (v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c con c\u00e1i thi\u00eang li\u00eang) c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf (Mulieris Dignitatem<\/em> 18). \u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, ng\u00e0y nay vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1o b\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i cho ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u1edf nh\u00e0 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra ti\u1ebfn b\u00f4,m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111ang ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n m\u00f2n. \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00fd l\u1ebd r\u1eb1ng \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sao cho c\u00e1c b\u00e0 v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i<\/em> l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0\u201d (Familiaris Consortio 23).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hy v\u1ecdng phi hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1edf nh\u00e0. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec3m : mi\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf li\u00ean bang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i \u0103n theo; quy v\u00f9ng c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c; c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ebf b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3; v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1ebft, c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0m m\u1eb9. V\u1eeba qua m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft,\u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1eeb linh m\u1ee5c Anh gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 n\u00ean th\u1eed c\u00f3 mang \u0111\u1ee9a con th\u1ee9 ba hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u1ecb linh m\u1ee5c n\u1ea7y khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,trong khi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 huynh – v\u1ed1n h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam con c\u00e1i \u2013 ng\u00e0i ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u con c\u00e1i. Tuy v\u1eady,r\u1ea5t \u00edt c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ea7y,khi c\u1ea3 hai cha m\u1eb9 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m to\u00e0n th\u1eddi gian \u1edf v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i ba m\u01b0\u01a1i. Con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00fac l\u00e0nh; ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng con c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang ta \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00f3i quen ti\u00eau pha. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cao qu\u00fd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i,th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng hy v\u1ecdng kinh t\u1ebf. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng,m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u con c\u00e1i. V\u00ec,kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh;n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 huynh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba l\u00fd do : ng\u1ee7 \u00edt h\u01a1n, chi ti\u00eau nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Ba l\u00fd do l\u1edbn n\u1ea7y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, t\u1ea5t th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m tr\u00e1nh c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i. V\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng,n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eafm c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u1ed1n s\u1ea3n sinh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y tu v\u00e0 n\u1eef tu ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn qua \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean kh\u00f3 ngh\u00e8o,khi\u1ebft t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi). C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfng t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef T\u00ear\u00eaxa Lisieux \u1edf D\u00f2ng K\u00edn Carmel. Trong tu vi\u1ec7n,chi\u1ebfc chu\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi chung gi\u1edd c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh n\u1eef T\u00ear\u00eaxa mau l\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ngay khi nghe ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0u ti\u00ean,ng\u00e0i b\u1ecf ngay b\u00fat xu\u1ed1ng, b\u1ecf ngang m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef \u0111ang vi\u1ebft d\u1edf dang tr\u00ean trang gi\u1ea5y.Ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef T\u00ear\u00eaxa. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng rung l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c \u1edf nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 tr\u1ebb . C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng m\u1edf ra cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fac ph\u00fac v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean do \u0111au bu\u1ed3n th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng cho nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 huynh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian qua \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t. Trong h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 vcon ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng con l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 ph\u00fac l\u00e0nh. Theo Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd<\/em>, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 :\u201dKinh Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng con m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 Ch\u00faa ch\u00fac ph\u00fac l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 huynh\u201d (Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o 2373). Con c\u00e1i ch\u00fac ph\u00fac cho cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng,v\u00ec ch\u00fang gi\u1eef ni\u1ec1m vui d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n; con c\u00e1i ch\u00fac ph\u00fac cho c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb v\u00ec ch\u00fang mang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n g\u1ea7n g\u0169i; con c\u00e1i ch\u00fac ph\u00fac cho cha m\u1eb9,tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u00ec ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn cha m\u1eb9 th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con nh\u1ecf m\u1edbi mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho cha m\u1eb9 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong t\u00ecnh y\u00eau. Vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh ra v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ai l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 cho \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1980, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i khuynh t\u1ea3. R\u1ea5t d\u1edbm c\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Marx r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng mang \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1eb1ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ed5 b\u1eadt th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh phi l\u00fd m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft,\u00a0 – l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u2013 gia \u0111\u00ecnh,v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1edbi l\u00f5ng. T\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap soi s\u00e1ng \u201cnh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t m\u1ea1nh, t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u201d. Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho Engels, de Beauvoir,MTV v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty, b\u00e0i d\u1ea1y Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u phong ph\u00fa c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch gia \u0111\u00ecnh mang l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0 l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng,m\u00e0 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 n\u01a1i nhau. Trong s\u1ef1 canh t\u00e2n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i u\u1ed1n cong.<\/p>\n

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Nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c : THE LONG WAR AGAINST THE FAMILY.<\/p>\n

(*) Ryan N.S.Topping l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0110\u1eb3ng Khoa H\u1ecdc Nh\u00e2n V\u0103n Thomas More. C\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n Rebuilding Catholic Culture : How the Catrchism Can Shape Our Common Life<\/em> (m\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch ra).<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef g\u1ed9p ba ph\u1ea7n :<\/p>\n