{"id":20525,"date":"2022-08-09T12:34:33","date_gmt":"2022-08-09T05:34:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=20525"},"modified":"2022-08-20T19:41:35","modified_gmt":"2022-08-20T12:41:35","slug":"chua-giesu-co-ton-tai-khong-nhung-bang-chung-cua-cac-nha-su-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/chua-giesu-co-ton-tai-khong-nhung-bang-chung-cua-cac-nha-su-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"CH\u00daA GI\u00caSU C\u00d3 T\u1ed2N T\u1ea0I KH\u00d4NG ? NH\u1eeeNG B\u1eb0NG CH\u1ee8NG C\u1ee6A C\u00c1C NH\u00c0 S\u1eec H\u1eccC"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00ab C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1c ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i<\/em> \u00bb, nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc ki\u00eam nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Jean-Christian Petitfils n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Aleteia. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0o t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 do Jean S\u00e9villia h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, \u00ab Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ki\u1ec7n t\u1ee5ng \u00bb (\u00ab L\u2019Eglise en proc\u00e8s \u00bb).<\/p>\n

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Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft g\u00ec  v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ? \u00ab \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u1edf ngo\u00e0i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u00bb, Jean-Christian Petitfils kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi Aleteia. \u00ab Tacite, c\u1ef1u th\u1ee7 hi\u1ebfn t\u1ec9nh ch\u00e2u \u00c1, Pline le Jeune, th\u00e1i th\u00fa c\u1ee7a Bithynie v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II, Su\u00e9ton, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u01b0 t\u00edn c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Hadrien sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt l\u00e2u\u2026 \u00bb<\/p>\n

Aleteia :<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o, tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ?<\/em><\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> : S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 I c\u1ee7a k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ieschoua (J\u00e9sus \/ Gi\u00easu) \u2013 t\u1eeb r\u00fat g\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a Yehoshoua (Josu\u00e9 \/ Gi\u00f4su\u00ea), \u00ab Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u1ee9u<\/em> \u00bb – , ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3  thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1edfi \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c Ng\u00e0i b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh \u1edf Gi\u00earusalem theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Phongxi\u00f4 Philat\u00f4, t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ea5n Giu\u0111\u00eaa t\u1eeb n\u0103m 26 \u0111\u1ebfn 36, theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf Anna v\u00e0 con r\u1ec3 Joseph c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Caipha, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam t\u00fac n\u00e0o, d\u00f9 tin hay kh\u00f4ng  tin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do th\u00e1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 tri hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn. \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng  th\u1ef1c b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o : Tacite, nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7 hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh ch\u00e2u \u00c1, Pline le Jeune, th\u00e1i th\u00fa c\u1ee7a Bithynie v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II, Su\u00e9ton, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u01b0 t\u00edn c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Hadrien sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt l\u00e2u\u2026<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n R\u00f4ma g\u1ed1c Do Th\u00e1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 I, Flavius Jos\u00e8phe, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Do Th\u00e1i \u2013 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Gi\u00earusalem : \u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u00ab nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft \u00bb t\u00ean l\u00e0 Gi\u00easu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3. \u00ab Philat\u00f4 k\u1ebft \u00e1n \u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh v\u00e0 \u00e1n t\u1eed. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. H\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1edbi h\u1ecd ba ng\u00e0y sau khi b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh v\u00e0 \u00f4ng v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng : nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng M\u00easia m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u.<\/em> \u00bb Kh\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u00ab Sanh\u00e9drin<\/em> \u00bb c\u1ee7a Talmud de Babylone c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i : \u00ab V\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5 V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 treo (tr\u00ean th\u1eadp gi\u00e1) Yesh\u00fb ha-notsri<\/em> (Gi\u00easu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nadar\u00e9t) b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ma thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho Israel l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u00bb Ngay c\u1ea3  tri\u1ebft gia Celse theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Platon (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II), m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 lu\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t v\u1ed1n gh\u00e9t Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Aleteia :<\/strong> Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> : T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 v\u0103n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i \u00bb, Bruno Bauer, Prosper Alfaric, Arthur Drews, Paul-Louis Couchoud v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 Michel Onfray \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu : Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1ch h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri c\u1ee7a C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0, c\u00e1ch chung chung h\u01a1n, v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. L\u00e0m sao t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n \u1edf bi\u1ec3n h\u1ed3 Tib\u00earia, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean bu\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i v\u1ee3 con v\u00e0 \u0111i kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u1edf Giu\u0111\u00eaa ? Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef h\u00ecnh n\u00eam<\/em><\/p>\n

Aleteia <\/strong>: C\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4i sao \u1edf B\u00ealem, cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c Anh h\u00e0i, ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 tr\u1ed1ng\u2026Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ?<\/em><\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> :  Ng\u00f4i sao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean v\u0103n x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef h\u00ecnh n\u00eam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 tr\u00ean di ch\u1ec9 Sippar c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf Mesopotamia (mi\u1ec1n Nam Ir\u1eafc), ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c r\u1eb1ng, n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh Sao M\u1ed9c (bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ec1n) v\u00e0 Sao Th\u1ed5 (bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Israel) \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra ba l\u1ea7n trong ch\u00f2m sao Song Ng\u01b0 (bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Amarru<\/em>, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Amorit, Syria v\u00e0 Giu\u0111\u00eaa). T\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u00ean v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Kepler. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e1nh s\u1eed Matth\u00eau, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00f4i sao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n\u2026\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI, gi\u00e1o s\u0129 Do Th\u00e1i Isaac Abravanel, ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y Do Th\u00e1i n\u00e0o, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u0110\u1ea5ng M\u00easia, \u0111\u00e3 loan b\u00e1o s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i khi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0nh tinh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, trong gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta 7 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c Anh h\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Matth\u00eau t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng H\u00ear\u00f4\u0111\u00ea C\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa t\u00e0n \u00e1c, m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng M\u00easia. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng t\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u1edf B\u00ealem v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t th\u1eddi gian, do ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch cu\u1ed3ng \u00e1m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng : \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng cho ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Mariamne, anh trai Jonathan, m\u1eb9 k\u1ebf Alexandra, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Alexandre v\u00e0 Aristobule, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u quan ch\u1ee9c trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ?<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 tr\u1ed1ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n. Theo th\u00e1nh Gioan, vi\u1ec7c x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c kh\u0103n tr\u1ea3i trong ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9, v\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m Ph\u1ee5c Sinh. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u1edf M\u1ed9 Th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Helena (kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 326-328), cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u01a1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Aleteia <\/strong>: N\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng n\u00e0y ? Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1 hay \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft ?<\/em><\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> : Kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng ch\u00ednh l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch tin m\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1ee5y th\u01b0 (theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt, \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u), nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n mu\u1ed9n v\u1ec1 sau, th\u1ea5m nhi\u1ec5m thuy\u1ebft ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o hay c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0n c\u00e3i, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng ch\u00ednh l\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 v\u00f4 c\u1edb v\u00e0 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba. Ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, g\u1ee3i l\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng ch\u00ednh l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady hay x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd nh\u1eb1m cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e1ng khinh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ec5 V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. Nh\u1edd Ng\u00e0i, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi tham d\u1ef1 v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i trong v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n

Aleteia<\/strong> : \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf Nadar\u00e9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u00ab anh em \u00bb v\u00e0 \u00ab ch\u1ecb em \u00bb c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i\u2026 V\u1eady, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 anh ch\u1ecb em ?<\/em><\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> : Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i Tin L\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ee9c Maria, sau khi sinh \u00ab ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng \u00bb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh b\u1edfi Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1edbi Giuse ch\u1ed3ng m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con tr\u00e1i \u2013 Giac\u00f4b\u00ea, Gi\u00f4s\u1ebfp, Simon (hay Sim\u00eaon) v\u00e0 Giu\u0111a \u2013 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00ab \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi \u00bb, v\u1ed1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/em> n\u0103m 1992\u2026<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a cha Pierre Grelot, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh Kinh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003 trong Revue Thomiste<\/em>, \u0111\u00e3 coi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u00ab kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u00bb n\u00e0y. Trong ti\u1ebfng Hy-b\u00e1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Aram, \u2018ah<\/em> (ho\u1eb7c h\u00e2<\/em>) c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 anh em ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt, anh em c\u00f9ng cha\/m\u1eb9 kh\u00e1c m\u1eb9\/cha, ch\u00e1u trai ho\u1eb7c anh em h\u1ecd, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb t\u1ed9c. \u1ede Nadar\u00e9t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u Phi ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 g\u1ecdi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 anh ch\u1ecb em. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u00ab anh em c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u00bb, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 Giac\u00f4b\u00ea Nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 Gi\u00f4s\u1ebfp (hay Joset), l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai em h\u1ecd, con c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Maria n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (v\u1ee3) c\u1ee7a Clopas, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0, theo H\u00e9g\u00e9sippe, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi anh trai c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Giuse, cha nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, Sim\u00eaon v\u00e0 Giu\u0111a, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng anh em h\u1ecd xa h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u (Sim\u00eaon s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II). D\u00f9 sao \u0111i n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng, \u0110\u1ee9c Maria \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u con. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, tr\u00ean th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 giao ph\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Maria cho th\u00e1nh s\u1eed Gioan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau m\u1ebfn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a M\u1eb9 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh, n\u01a1i ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Gi\u00earusalem, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd n\u1ebfu M\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con kh\u00e1c. Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i : \u00ab Th\u01b0a b\u00e0, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 con b\u00e0 \u00bb, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 : \u00ab \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 M\u1eb9 con \u00bb (Ga 19, 26-27).<\/p>\n

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Aleteia <\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Maria v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Giuse, cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ?<\/em><\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> : Th\u00e1nh Giuse v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Maria thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t chi t\u1ed9c Do Th\u00e1i nh\u1ecf b\u00e9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Naz\u00f4r\u00e9ens hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nazar\u00e9niens, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau cu\u1ed9c l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, cho m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb vua \u0110av\u00edt. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y mong \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf gi\u1eefa h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng m\u00easia \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0 Isaia \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean b\u00e1o (\u00ab T\u1eeb g\u1ed1c Gi\u00eas\u00ea s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2m ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed3i\u2026 \u00bb) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf H\u1ea1 Galil\u00ea m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nazara (Nadar\u00e9t), t\u1eeb netzer<\/em> \u00ab ch\u1ed3i g\u1ed1c \u00bb (n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u00ab con ch\u00e1u \u00bb c\u1ee7a Gi\u00eas\u00ea, cha c\u1ee7a \u0110av\u00edt), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c, \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Golan, l\u00e0 Kokhaba, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00ab ng\u00f4i sao \u00bb, ng\u00f4i sao \u2013 \u0111\u1ea5ng thi\u00ean sai \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c loan b\u00e1o trong s\u00e1ch D\u00e2n S\u1ed1<\/em> : \u00ab M\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao t\u1eeb Giac\u00f3p s\u1ebd m\u1ecdc l\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb Israel s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u00bb. Nh\u01b0 cha \u00c9tienne Nodet, thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Th\u00e1nh Kinh Gi\u00earusalem, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t : hai ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u mang \u00ab m\u1ed9t t\u00ean th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n (c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/em>) \u00bb. V\u1ec1 Giuse, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u00edt, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tekt\u00f4n<\/em>, m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed7, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee3 m\u1ed9c v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn trong v\u00f9ng, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 S\u00e9pphoris b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi R\u00f4ma ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y v\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 6 c\u1ee7a k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng trinh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu (vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee5 thai Ng\u00e0i nh\u1edd quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n), l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc, T\u00edn bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3, Kinh Tin K\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Nic\u00e9e-Constantinople, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Luther v\u00e0 Calvin. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. Trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u00ab sinh ra do t\u00e0 d\u00e2m \u00bb.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd gi\u1eef v\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u1ecd coi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong Tin M\u1eebng theo th\u00e1nh Luca, \u0110\u1ee9c Maria l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0i l\u01b0u \u00fd hai l\u1ea7n : \u00ab C\u00f2n b\u00e0 Maria th\u00ec h\u1eb1ng ghi nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1ea5y v\u00e0 suy \u0111i ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i trong l\u00f2ng \u00bb. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Do Th\u00e1i, s\u1ef1 trinh ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1ecb nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn theo c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (\u00ab H\u00e3y sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u \u2026\u00bb, Stk 1, 28) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, \u1edf Gi\u00earusalem v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967 b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Israel, Yigael Yadin, m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n Ch\u1ebft (\u00ab Cu\u1ed9n gi\u1ea5y trong \u0110\u1ec1n Th\u1edd \u00bb (Rouleau du Temple), c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c trinh n\u1eef th\u00e1nh hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u1eddi kh\u1ea5n khi\u1ebft t\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi ngay c\u1ea3 trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n : \u00ab N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 h\u1ee9a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu anh ta \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u00bb. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Giuse, ch\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Maria, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 th\u00e1nh s\u1eed M\u00e1tth\u00eau n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb b\u1ecf b\u00e0 c\u00e1ch k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o ?<\/p>\n

Aleteia <\/strong>: \u00d4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t x\u00e1c t\u00edn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed : Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta m\u1eebng l\u1ec5 Gi\u00e1ng Sinh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y<\/em> ?<\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> : Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 IV Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ec5 tr\u1ecdng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00e1ng Sinh, \u0111\u1ec3 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o h\u00f2a ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u00ed. Theo c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Tin M\u1eebng c\u1ee7a Matth\u00eau v\u00e0 Luca, Ng\u00e0i sinh ra d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a H\u00ear\u00f4\u0111\u00ea C\u1ea3, vua x\u1ee9 Giu\u0111\u00eaa. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0, v\u1ecb vua n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi trong cung \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Gi\u00earikh\u00f4 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00ednh do s\u1ef1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Dionysius Exiguus (Denys Nh\u1ecf), m\u1ed9t \u0111an s\u0129 \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VI, m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Aleteia<\/strong> : V\u1eabn tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu (uy quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady\u2026) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t ?<\/em><\/p>\n

Jean-Christian Petitfils<\/strong> : Uy quy\u1ec1n v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn – Ng\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n t\u1eeb Nadar\u00e9t \u2013 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c : \u00ab M\u00f4s\u00ea b\u1ea3o anh em l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y\u2026, c\u00f2n Th\u1ea7y, Th\u1ea7y b\u1ea3o anh em l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u kia\u2026 \u00bb Kh\u00f4ng,  \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ! Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 : \u00ab \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0110\u1ec1n Th\u1edd n\u1eefa ! \u00bb (Mt 12, 6). Trong khi l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa (ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn t\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5 t\u1eed th\u1ea7n linh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i), th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi Cha m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u00ab Abba \u00bb, m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u00ecu m\u1ebfn trong ti\u1ebfng Aram c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00ab B\u1ed1 y\u00eau \u00bb ! Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i \u00ab Cha c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y \u00bb, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u00ab Cha c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang con \u00bb, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecd l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i tha th\u1ee9 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ! S\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u2013 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00f4 t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Cha, l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u2013 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3, v\u00ec ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u00ab V\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ed1c \u00bb m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i loan b\u00e1o : \u00ab Ch\u00ednh Th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Ai tin v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y, th\u00ec d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng \u00bb (Ga 11, 25). Tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt Do Th\u00e1i, Ng\u00e0i t\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung gian gi\u1eefa Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi : \u00ab Ta l\u00e0 \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng th\u1ebf gian \u00bb (Ga 8, 12), ho\u1eb7c \u00ab Kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Cha m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qua Th\u1ea7y \u00bb (Ga 14, 6). \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u l\u1ea1, nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1, nh\u01b0 ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u00ean tri Isaia, b\u1ea3y th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 loan b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 : \u00ab Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 xem th\u1ea5y, k\u1ebb qu\u00e8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1ch, k\u1ebb \u0111i\u1ebfc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u2026\u00bb (Mt 11, 5). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng tu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i. Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch thi\u00ean sai c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m, m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

——————————————————-<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/em><\/p>\n

(ngu\u1ed3n : Agn\u00e8s Pinard Legry, Aleteia<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00ab C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1c ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00bb, nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20530,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,72,34,48,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20525","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tam-linh","category-thanh-kinh","category-tin-ly","category-ty-linh","category-duc-maria"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20525"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20525\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20589,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20525\/revisions\/20589"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20530"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}