{"id":25576,"date":"2023-07-18T08:14:11","date_gmt":"2023-07-18T01:14:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=25576"},"modified":"2023-07-18T08:14:11","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T01:14:11","slug":"monita-ad-missionarios-va-doi-song-linh-muc-hom-nay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/monita-ad-missionarios-va-doi-song-linh-muc-hom-nay\/","title":{"rendered":"MONITA AD MISSIONARIOS  V\u00c0 \u0110\u1edcI S\u1ed0NG LINH M\u1ee4C H\u00d4M NAY"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng hu\u1ea5n cho linh m\u1ee5c \u0111o\u00e0n T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Vinhs\u01a1n Tr\u1ea7n Minh Th\u1ef1c, PSS<\/em><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ea3n Ratio 2016 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o linh m\u1ee5c, s\u1ed1 54, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n \u201c<em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>. Nh\u00ecn d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Monita ad missionarios &#8211; Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a> <\/em><em>&#8211; <\/em>th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng hu\u1ea5n linh m\u1ee5c, v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, b\u1ed5 sung, n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t <em>linh \u0111\u1ea1o truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o <\/em>mang chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng n\u00f3i chung. V\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 kho t\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n con gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai. <\/em>Con xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chung c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Con xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho v\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o l\u00e0 b\u00e0i <em>B\u00ecnh v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u0169 <\/em>c\u1ee7a cha Giuse Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00ecnh Hi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chung c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 15-16 l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; 1415: ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Henrique (1394-1460) c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3\u0111\u00e0onha (B\u0110N) thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u0110o\u00e0n&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Th%C3%A1m_hi%E1%BB%83m\">th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m<\/a>&nbsp;B\u0110N do&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bartolomeu_Dias\">Bartolomeu Dias<\/a>&nbsp;d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ef1c nam ch\u00e2u Phi, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean m\u0169i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%C5%A9i_H%E1%BA%A3o_V%E1%BB%8Dng\">m\u0169i H\u1ea3o V\u1ecdng<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; N\u0103m 1497,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vasco_da_Gama\">Vasco da Gama<\/a>&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m B\u0110N t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E1%BA%A4n_%C4%90%E1%BB%99\">\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; N\u0103m&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1492\">1492<\/a>, m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a T\u00e2ybannha (TBN) do&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cristoforo_Colombo\">Cristoforo Colombo<\/a>&nbsp;ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o mi\u1ec1n trung&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ch%C3%A2u_M%E1%BB%B9\">ch\u00e2u M\u0129<\/a>, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; N\u0103m 1519-1522,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fern%C3%A3o_de_Magalh%C3%A3es\">Ferdinand Magellan<\/a>&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m TBN &nbsp;l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111i v\u00f2ng quanh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ed tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u1ee7y th\u00e1c cho ho\u00e0ng gia B\u0110N v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng gia TBN vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 15 ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i B\u0110N \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1edd v\u1eady, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n. Ng\u00e0y 4-4-1418, \u0110\u1ee9c M\u00e1ctin\u00f4 V ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh <em>Sane Charissimus <\/em>cho ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf B\u0110N quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9. Ng\u00e0y 28-5-1455, \u0110\u1ee9c Nic\u00f4la V l\u1ea1i ban th\u00eam s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh <em>Romanus Pontifex, <\/em>kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf B\u0110N \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n hay truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1492, \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a B\u0110N b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi TBN c\u0169ng \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Cu\u1ed9c tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa B\u0110N v\u00e0 TBN \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Al\u00eaxan\u0111\u00ea VI \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a hai \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, qua hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Tordesillas, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea3o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Acores l\u00e0m m\u1ed1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng TBN, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng B\u0110N <a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25577\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/map.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/map.jpg 640w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/map-300x150.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ng\u00e0y 23-1-1576, gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Macao, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00c1o M\u00f4n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, v\u1edbi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 bao tr\u00f9m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai D\u00f2ng T\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o, lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m B\u1ec1 Tr\u00ean. Sau n\u00e0y, khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00edch l\u1ec7, trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai D\u00f2ng T\u00ean, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Macao \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i Di\u1ec7n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khi \u0111\u1eb7t hai \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng t\u00f2a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, b\u1eadn t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng gia B\u0110N v\u00e0 TBN, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, <em>Hu\u1ea5n Th\u1ecb 1659 <\/em>c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn cho gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai D\u00f2ng T\u00ean t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m. Nh\u1eefng xung kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i non tr\u1ebb \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c rao gi\u1ea3ng Tin M\u1eebng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng gia B\u0110N v\u00e0 TBN, \u0110\u1ee9c Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 V \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp <em>Th\u00e1nh B\u1ed9 Truy\u1ec1n B\u00e1 \u0110\u1ee9c Tin <\/em>v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1622.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u00e1ng 6-1649, cha \u0110\u1eafc L\u1ed9 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, trong d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1650, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c cho v\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 cho \u0110\u00e0ng Trong v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, cha \u0110\u1eafc L\u1ed9 \u0111i Paris v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00ecm ba \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u1edf v\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha Bagot gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 Fran\u00e7ois Pallu, Montigny-Laval v\u00e0 Piques. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 cha Montigny-Laval v\u00e0 cha Piques \u0111\u1ec1u r\u00fat lui \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c. Cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn \u00e2m th\u1ea7m theo \u0111u\u1ed5i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a cha \u0110\u1eafc L\u1ed9. N\u0103m 1657, cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu c\u00f9ng b\u1ed1n linh m\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c \u0111i R\u00f4ma. Trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y, cha g\u1eb7p cha Pierre Lambert de la Motte. Nh\u1eefng trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa hai v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea3n s\u1eafc b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m hai v\u1ecb l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 29-7-1658. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 16-8, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng T\u00f2a \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh V\u00e2n Nam, Qu\u00ed Ch\u00e2u, H\u1ed3 Qu\u1ea3ng, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y, T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o; \u0110\u1ee9c cha Lambert de l\u00e0 Motte \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng T\u00f2a \u0110\u00e0ng Trong. \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu c\u0169ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha Ignace Cotolendi, linh m\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Aix, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng T\u00f2a th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ee9c cha Pierre Lambert de la Motte l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y 18-6-1660, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi cha de Bourges, th\u1ea7y Deydier l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i r\u1eddi Marseille ng\u00e0y 27-11-1660, t\u1edbi Ayuthia v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5-1662.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ee9c cha Ignace Cotolendi r\u1eddi Paris ng\u00e0y 22-7 v\u00e0 l\u00ean t\u1ea7u \u1edf Marseille ng\u00e0y 3-9-1661 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ee9c cha qua \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 6-8-1662 \u1edf Mazulipatam, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t song c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, Jean- Fran\u00e7ois de Fortis De Fortis qua \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e1ng 12-1663.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu r\u1eddi Marseille ng\u00e0y 3-1-1662, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea9y gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u00e0 hai gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n. Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n hai n\u0103m. N\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u1ebft d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Cha Robert bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u1edf Al\u00e9pp\u00f4 do nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng. Sau khi r\u1eddi \u00c9rivan, Michel Swertz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 do kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o. \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn Ayuthia ng\u00e0y 27-1-1664.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25578 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"536\" height=\"405\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu1.jpg 536w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu1-300x227.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 536px) 100vw, 536px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>B\u1ea3n in cu\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c cha <\/em><em>Fran\u00e7ois Pallu<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba cu\u1ed9c l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ba cu\u1ed9c l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9-1661, cha de Saisseval-Danville v\u00e0 Laneau kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh; th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, cha P\u00e9rigaud v\u00e0 \u00f4ng de Chamesson l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng; th\u00e1ng 11 cha Brunel l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n Monita n\u00f3i t\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u1edbi 17 v\u1ecb (c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 19 v\u1ecb), trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1m v\u1ecb b\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i, hai v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i quay v\u1ec1 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00ed do kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1664, khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhau t\u1ea1i Ayuthia, nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c v\u1ecb g\u1ed3m hai \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu v\u00e0 Lambert de la Motte; c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c Deydier, Laneau, Brindeau, Hainques, Chevreuil v\u00e0 \u00f4ng de Chamesson-Foissy. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 14-10-1663, cha Jacques de Bourges \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c cha Lambert sai \u0111i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00dd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng suy ngh\u0129, nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n l\u00e0 Tin M\u1eebng, b\u1ea3n gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt, hi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Truy\u1ec1n Gi\u00e1o, g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Phanxic\u00f4 Xavi\u00ea<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n v\u0103n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb Ayuthia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1664, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Baudiment thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c<em>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, hai v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng t\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ra cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 n\u0103m v\u1ecb linh m\u1ee5c: m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang d\u00e0nh cho m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u1eeb <em>c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecb <\/em>trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 synode, v\u1edbi g\u1ed1c Hil\u1ea1p g\u1ed3m <strong><em>\u03c3\u1f7b\u03bd \u1f41\u03b4\u1f78\u03c2<\/em><\/strong> (sun + \u2018odos) m\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 <em>hi\u1ec7p h\u00e0nh<\/em>. Hai v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng t\u00f2a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, suy ngh\u0129, \u0111\u1ecdc L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu, tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3, b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7p h\u00e0nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng Ch\u00faa, trao \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng x\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25579\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/monita.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/monita.jpg 964w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/monita-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/monita-768x505.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>B\u1ea3n ch\u00e9p tay mang t\u00ean <\/em>Nh\u1eefng hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb<em> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1665<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c Cl\u00eament\u00ea IX, n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">S\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 (II, III, IV)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn n\u01a1i l\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n (V)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u01a1i d\u1ef1 t\u00f2ng (VI)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u01a1i \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean ch\u1ecbu ph\u00e9p r\u1eeda (VII)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u01a1i t\u00e2n t\u00f2ng (VIII)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u01a1i c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o luy\u1ec7n (IX)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng (X)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u01a1i n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t linh \u0111\u1ea1o truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai, nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c chi\u00eam ng\u1eafm \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng Tin M\u1eebng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 rao gi\u1ea3ng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong ba n\u1ed9i dung c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a <em>Hu\u1ea5n d\u1ee5 1659 <\/em>l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9. X\u00e9t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng n\u00f3i chung. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Kontum, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c Latinh hay b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn Kontum d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, c\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00e0ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, d\u0129 nhi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cc\u00e1i \u0111\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d (\u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V, ti\u1ebft 3) l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u201cla vertu de religion\u201d v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Latinh \u201cvirtus religionis\u201d; hay ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I \u201cv\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3\u201d so v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n Latinh \u201cde conservanda Missionariorum integritate\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; II. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng xem x\u00e9t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t nam. Khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf \u0111i nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 17, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c, v\u00ec b\u1ea3n v\u0103n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng linh \u0111\u1ea1o truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu. Con xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai<\/em> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><em>Ba c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng sa \u0111\u1ecda trong \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ee5c t\u1eed <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a.Trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3. B\u1ed9 ba h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng: \u201c<em>Th\u00e2\u0323t v\u00e2\u0323y, qua\u0301 lo l\u0103\u0301ng cho th\u00e2n xa\u0301c va\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng s\u01b0\u0323 d\u00ea\u0303 da\u0303i kh\u00f4ng chi\u0301nh \u0111a\u0301ng \u0111a\u0303 d\u00e2\u0300n d\u00e2\u0300n la\u0300m suy y\u00ea\u0301u lo\u0300ng y\u00eau m\u00ea\u0301n Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a n\u01a1i nhi\u00ea\u0300u vi\u0323 khi\u00ea\u0301n ho\u0323 coi tro\u0323ng xa\u0301c thi\u0323t h\u01a1n t\u00e2m linh. Ti\u0301nh t\u01b0\u0323 phu\u0323 \u0111a\u0303 ke\u0301o theo nhi\u00ea\u0300u \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u x\u00e2\u0301u kha\u0301c: Vi\u00ea\u0323c t\u00e2\u0323p ta\u0300nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c ch\u01b0a xong, co\u0300n ch\u01b0a co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 t\u01b0\u0323 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u khi\u00ea\u0309n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh, v\u00e2\u0323y ma\u0300 ho\u0323 \u0111a\u0303 da\u0301m nh\u00e2\u0323n ch\u0103n d\u0103\u0301t \u0111a\u0300n chi\u00ean cu\u0309a Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4. \u0110o\u0301 chi\u0301nh la\u0300 b\u0103\u0301t \u0111\u00e2\u0300u x\u00e2y d\u01b0\u0323ng ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 ta\u0300i na\u0300o hoa\u0300n t\u00e2\u0301t. Ti\u0301nh ham h\u00f4\u0301 cu\u00f4\u0301i cu\u0300ng cu\u0303ng \u0111a\u0303 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00ea\u0301n nh\u01b0\u0303ng h\u00e2\u0323u qua\u0309 tai ha\u0323i: Lo\u0300ng tham v\u00f4 \u0111a\u0301y mu\u00f4\u0301n chi\u00ea\u0301m h\u01b0\u0303u t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 d\u00e2\u0303n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng xa hoa va\u0300 y\u00ea\u0301u nh\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c. T\u01b0\u0300 \u0111o\u0301 ta m\u01a1\u0301i hi\u00ea\u0309u n\u00ea\u0301t x\u00e2\u0301u na\u0300y \u0111a\u0303 bi\u00ea\u0301n nh\u01b0\u0303ng m\u00f4n \u0111\u00f4\u0300 tha\u0300nh ti\u0301n cu\u0309a \u0111\u01b0\u0301c nghe\u0300o kho\u0301 Tin M\u01b0\u0300ng, tr\u01a1\u0309 n\u00ean nh\u01b0\u0303ng n\u00f4 l\u00ea\u0323 x\u00e2\u0301u xa cu\u0309a ti\u00ea\u0300n ba\u0323c. \u0110o\u0301 la\u0300 ca\u0301ch th\u01b0\u0301c d\u00e2\u0303n \u0111\u01b0a nh\u01b0\u0303ng t\u00f4i t\u01a1\u0301 cu\u0309a Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ch\u00f4\u0303 phu\u0323c vu\u0323 ma qui\u0309<\/em>\u201d. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u00fang ta th\u1eed c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng th\u00f3i x\u1ea5u:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eadt nu\u00f4ng chi\u1ec1u th\u00e2n x\u00e1c, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n cho th\u1ea5y t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3: \u201c<em>Ma qui\u0309, \u0111a\u0303 t\u01b0\u0300ng bi\u00ea\u0301t r\u0103\u0300ng cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng kh\u0103\u0301c kh\u00f4\u0309 cu\u0309a ca\u0301c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300 thi\u0300 b\u00e2\u0301t l\u01a1\u0323i cho chu\u0301ng, n\u00ean \u0111a\u0303 du\u0300ng tr\u0103m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u0300n k\u00ea\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m ca\u0301c nga\u0300i thay \u0111\u00f4\u0309i l\u00f4\u0301i s\u00f4\u0301ng. Cu\u0303ng th\u00ea\u0301, ma qui\u0309 kh\u00f4ng chi\u00eau du\u0323 ca\u0301c nga\u0300i \u0111i ngay va\u0300o m\u00f4\u0323t cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng qua\u0301 d\u00ea\u0303 da\u0303i vi\u0300 bi\u00ea\u0301t ca\u0301c nga\u0300i y\u00eau m\u00ea\u0301n tha\u0301nh gia\u0301, nh\u01b0ng chu\u0301ng xoay h\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng nh\u0103\u0300m va\u0300o nh\u01b0\u0303ng c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c v\u00e2\u0301t va\u0309 li\u00ean mi\u00ean la\u0300m cho ki\u00ea\u0323t s\u01b0\u0301c, va\u0300o nh\u01b0\u0303ng thay \u0111\u00f4\u0309i th\u00e2\u0301t th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng cu\u0309a th\u01a1\u0300i ti\u00ea\u0301t, va\u0300o s\u01b0\u0323 thi\u00ea\u0301u \u0103n, va\u0300o t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 nh\u01b0\u0303ng gi\u0300 con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i t\u01b0\u0323 nhi\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng s\u01a1\u0323. M\u0103\u0323t kha\u0301c, ma qui\u0309 co\u0300n vi\u00ea\u0323n c\u01a1\u0301 thi\u00ea\u0301u nh\u00e2n s\u01b0\u0323 n\u00ean c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c truy\u00ea\u0300n gia\u0301o cu\u0309a ho\u0323 r\u00e2\u0301t i\u0301ch l\u01a1\u0323i va\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t. R\u00f4\u0300i chu\u0301ng khuy\u00ea\u0301n du\u0323 ho\u0323 pha\u0309i ch\u0103m lo s\u01b0\u0301c khoe\u0309 cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh nhi\u00ea\u0300u h\u01a1n, la\u0300m vi\u00ea\u0323c ch\u01b0\u0300ng m\u01b0\u0323c \u0111\u00ea\u0309 t\u01b0\u0300 \u0111o\u0301 d\u00e2\u0300n da\u0300 l\u00f4i ke\u0301o ca\u0301c nga\u0300i \u0111\u00ea\u0301n s\u01b0\u0323 bu\u00f4ng tha\u0309.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00f3i nu\u00f4ng chi\u1ec1u th\u00e2n x\u00e1c, v\u1edbi t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 chu\u1ed9ng vinh quang ph\u00f9 phi\u1ebfm, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u0169ng v\u1ea1ch ra l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh sa \u0111\u1ecda: \u201c<em>Cho n\u00ean ma qui\u0309 kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng nhe\u0323 tay \u0111\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m cho vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai ti\u00eam nhi\u00ea\u0303m nh\u01b0\u0303ng ch\u00e2\u0301t \u0111\u00f4\u0323c nguy ha\u0323i na\u0300y. N\u00ea\u0301u ma qui\u0309 \u0111a\u0323t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c mu\u0323c ti\u00eau, no\u0301 se\u0303 la\u0300m tan bi\u00ea\u0301n c\u00f4ng tri\u0300nh va\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng n\u00f4\u0303 l\u01b0\u0323c cu\u0309a ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i th\u01a1\u0323. Ma qui\u0309 la\u0300m cho vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai loa\u0301 m\u0103\u0301t vi\u0300 mu\u00f4\u0301n la\u0300m cho Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a va\u0300 \u0110\u01b0\u0301c Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c vinh quang h\u01a1n khi co\u0301 m\u00f4\u0323t mu\u0300a g\u0103\u0323t bao la ca\u0301c linh h\u00f4\u0300n va\u0300 \u0111em \u0111a\u0323o Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n kh\u0103\u0301p cu\u0300ng tra\u0301i \u0111\u00e2\u0301t. Ti\u00ea\u0301p \u0111o\u0301, no\u0301 l\u0103\u0301t le\u0301o la\u0300m cho nga\u0300i nghi\u0303 r\u0103\u0300ng pha\u0309i th\u01b0\u0300a c\u01a1 h\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng thu\u0323 nh\u01b0\u0303ng m\u00f4\u0301i l\u01a1\u0323i v\u00ea\u0300 ca\u0309 \u00e2n su\u0309ng l\u00e2\u0303n v\u00e2\u0323t ch\u00e2\u0301t. Va\u0300 vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai bi\u0323 m\u0103\u0301c l\u01b0\u0300a se\u0303 lao va\u0300o qua\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c m\u00f4\u0323t ca\u0301ch b\u00e2\u0301t c\u00e2\u0309n. D\u00e2\u0300n da\u0300, nga\u0300i se\u0303 bo\u0309 b\u00ea nh\u01b0\u0303ng th\u01b0\u0323c ha\u0300nh th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng nga\u0300y cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh nh\u01b0 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n, xe\u0301t mi\u0300nh, \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng n\u00f4\u0323i t\u00e2m; nga\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng h\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng ngoa\u0323i, kh\u00f4ng chu toa\u0300n b\u00f4\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0323n va\u0300 hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n qu\u00ean ca\u0309 chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh. Ch\u0103\u0309ng bao l\u00e2u sau, bi\u0323 m\u00e2\u0301t \u0111i s\u01b0\u0323 tr\u01a1\u0323 giu\u0301p cu\u0309a \u00e2n su\u0309ng va\u0300 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u01a1\u0303 cu\u0309a Chu\u0301a Tha\u0301nh Th\u00e2\u0300n, nga\u0300i kh\u00f4ng th\u00ea\u0309 ch\u00f4\u0301ng \u0111\u01a1\u0303 tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u00f4i cu\u00f4\u0301n cu\u0309a vinh quang phu\u0300 phi\u00ea\u0301m va\u0300 l\u00e2\u0323p t\u01b0\u0301c r\u01a1i va\u0300o ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng xa\u0301o tr\u00f4\u0323n nghi\u00eam tro\u0323ng h\u01a1n: khinh re\u0309 mo\u0323i chuy\u00ea\u0323n nho\u0309, kh\u00f4ng v\u00e2ng phu\u0323c, chi\u0309 ma\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n nh\u01b0\u0303ng d\u01b0\u0323 ti\u0301nh m\u00f4ng lung, va\u0300 m\u01a1 t\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng chuy\u00ea\u0323n \u0111a\u0323i s\u01b0\u0323. T\u01b0\u0300 \u0111o\u0301 ta hi\u0300nh dung ca\u0301ch d\u00ea\u0303 da\u0300ng, nga\u0300i se\u0303 r\u01a1i xu\u00f4\u0301ng v\u01b0\u0323c th\u0103\u0309m \u00e2u lo, l\u00e2\u0300m la\u0323c va\u0300 t\u00f4\u0323i l\u00f4\u0303i.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ednh tham lam, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \u201c<em>\u0110u\u0301ng v\u00e2\u0323y, trong mo\u0323i th\u01b0\u0301 ca\u0301m d\u00f4\u0303 t\u00e2\u0301n c\u00f4ng nha\u0300 th\u01b0\u0300a sai, chi\u0301nh lo\u0300ng ham mu\u00f4\u0301n na\u0300y \u0111\u0103\u0323t nha\u0300 th\u01b0\u0300a sai va\u0300o ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng nguy hi\u00ea\u0309m nh\u00e2\u0301t, vi\u0300 no\u0301 du\u0300ng ca\u0301i ve\u0309 b\u00ea\u0300 ngoa\u0300i cu\u0309a nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c \u0111\u00ea\u0309 che phu\u0309 ca\u0301i x\u00e2\u0301u. B\u01a1\u0309i ke\u0309 bi\u0323 lo\u0300ng kha\u0301t khao tr\u00ean da\u0300y vo\u0300, th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng cho vi\u00ea\u0323c ti\u0301ch tr\u01b0\u0303 cu\u0309a ca\u0309i la\u0300 bi\u00ea\u0301t kh\u00f4n ngoan ti\u00ean li\u00ea\u0323u; y l\u00e2\u0301y c\u01a1\u0301 pha\u0309i \u0111a\u0301p \u01b0\u0301ng nhu c\u00e2\u0300u tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c m\u0103\u0301t trong nha\u0300, pha\u0309i lo trang hoa\u0300ng n\u01a1i th\u01a1\u0300 ph\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng, pha\u0309i t\u00f4\u0309 ch\u01b0\u0301c l\u00ea\u0303 la\u0323c. Nh\u01b0 th\u00ea\u0301, y t\u01b0\u0323 cho la\u0300 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u01a1\u0300 th\u01b0\u0300a va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u01a1\u0300 \u0111u\u0309, du\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng cu\u0309a d\u00e2ng cu\u0301ng ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta giu\u0301p y co\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n m\u01b0\u0301c na\u0300o \u0111i n\u01b0\u0303a. Lo\u0300ng tham cu\u0309a y v\u00f4 \u0111a\u0301y! Co\u0300n gi\u0300 n\u01b0\u0303a? Y co\u0300n vi\u00ea\u0323n c\u01a1\u0301 pha\u0309i truy\u00ea\u0300n ba\u0301 \u0111a\u0323o Chu\u0301a, pha\u0309i v\u00e2\u0323n \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng ca\u0301c vua quan, pha\u0309i du\u0300ng qua\u0300 ca\u0301p \u0111\u00ea\u0309 l\u00e2\u0301y lo\u0300ng, pha\u0309i la\u0300m cho d\u00e2n chu\u0301ng tha\u0301n phu\u0323c b\u0103\u0300ng ve\u0309 ha\u0300o nhoa\u0301ng b\u00ean ngoa\u0300i va\u0300 pha\u0309i ba\u0309o v\u00ea\u0323 ph\u00e2\u0309m gia\u0301 cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh. Va\u0300 r\u00f4\u0300i, cu\u00f4\u0301i cu\u0300ng chi\u0301nh y bi\u0323 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00e2\u0309y ca\u0301ch tha\u0309m ha\u0323i va\u0300o vi\u00ea\u0323c ti\u0301ch lu\u0303y cu\u0309a ca\u0309i b\u0103\u0300ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ea\u0301 \u0111a\u0301ng khinh va\u0300 b\u00e2\u0301t chi\u0301nh.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u0103n d\u1eb7n th\u00eam: \u201c<em>V\u00e2\u0323y thi\u0300, mi\u00ea\u0303n la\u0300 co\u0301 \u0103n co\u0301 m\u0103\u0323c la\u0300 ha\u0323nh phu\u0301c r\u00f4\u0300i. M\u0103\u0323c thi\u0300 cho sa\u0323ch, nh\u01b0ng tra\u0301nh xa hoa. \u0110\u01b0\u0300ng ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m \u0111\u00f4\u0300 \u0111a\u0323c sang tro\u0323ng, cu\u0303ng \u0111\u01b0\u0300ng x\u00e2y c\u00e2\u0301t nha\u0300 c\u01b0\u0309a l\u00f4\u0323ng l\u00e2\u0303y, nh\u01b0ng ha\u0303y s\u00f4\u0301ng \u0111\u01a1n gia\u0309n nghe\u0300o kho\u0301.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u201c<em>\u0111\u01a1n gia\u0309n nghe\u0300o kho\u0301<\/em>\u201d, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi s\u1ed1ng l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng, m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng xa l\u1ea1 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b. \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, b\u1ed9 ba nh\u1eefng t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tu \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, v\u00ec b\u1ed9 ba n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ea9y m\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh danh trong <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>l\u00e0: qu\u00e1 lo cho th\u00e2n x\u00e1c &#8211; th\u00f3i ki\u00eau c\u0103ng ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n &#8211; l\u00f2ng tham lam c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i. Trong cu\u1ed1n <em>\u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i <\/em>c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Catarina th\u00e0nh Siena, b\u1ed9 ba h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00edch danh b\u1eb1ng th\u00f3i <em>t\u00e0 d\u00e2m &#8211; tham lam &#8211; ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a><em>. <\/em>Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 th\u00f3i tham lam, 1 Tm 6,10 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t th\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1: \u201c<em>Th\u1eadt th\u1ebf, c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 sinh ra m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ham mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, v\u00ec bu\u00f4ng theo l\u00f2ng ham mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1c xa \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 chu\u1ed1c l\u1ea5y bao n\u1ed7i \u0111\u1edbn \u0111au x\u00e2u x\u00e9<\/em>\u201d. Con kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n Kinh Th\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y gian kh\u1ed5, nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap hai \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu, Lambert de la Motte v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai kh\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1m d\u1ed7, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 sa \u0111\u1ecda trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong Nh\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa L\u1eddi x\u01b0a kia c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn tu\u00e2n theo. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 1751 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c cha Louis N\u00e9ez, \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng t\u00f2a T\u00e2y \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em>Cho t\u1edbi nay, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng to\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n. Ngu\u1ed3n thu ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u01a1n Ch\u00faa gi\u00fap, g\u1ed3m:<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>1\u00b0 \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed5ng l\u1ec5, v.v\u2026 l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a chung, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng xu n\u00e0o;<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>2\u00b0 S\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ti\u00eau pha \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00f4 \u00edch;<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>3\u00b0 Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gia nh\u00e2n \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u01a1m \u0103n v\u00e0 \u00e1o m\u1eb7c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa quan ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fac ph\u00fac cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng to\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao b\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng cho ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quen s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng thanh b\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n m\u1eabn, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong cu\u1ed1n <em>Une campagne au Tonkin, <\/em>b\u00e1c s\u0129 Hocquard c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 kh\u00e1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn T\u00e2y \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1884. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p cha L\u00e9on Girod B\u1eafc. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ghi nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 sau v\u1ec1 cha Girod B\u1eafc: \u201c<em>Cha Girod \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i hi\u00ean c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e2n nh\u1ecf. Cha m\u1eb7c \u00e1o ch\u00f9ng th\u00e2m b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea3i m\u1ecfng, c\u00e0i c\u00fac \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u00ean nh\u01b0 \u00e1o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Annam. Khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t xanh xao c\u1ee7a cha c\u00f3 vi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9 r\u00e2u hoe v\u00e0ng l\u01b0a th\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, cha kho\u1ea3ng hai m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t g\u1ea7y g\u00f2 v\u00e0 h\u1ed1c m\u00e1 h\u00f5m do m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n khi\u1ebfn cha nh\u01b0 g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i tu\u1ed5i <\/em>\u2026 <em>Sau \u0111\u00f3 cha \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i th\u0103m c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a cha \u1edf t\u1ea7ng m\u1ed9t \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i leo l\u00ean c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thang. Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khung tre tr\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfu m\u1ecfng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i tr\u00f5ng, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cha Girod c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u00e0n th\u1ea5p tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0, hai ch\u00e2n khoanh l\u1ea1i theo ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee3 may \u2026 <\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25580\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/church.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/church.jpg 546w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/church-216x300.jpg 216w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf, c\u00e1ch c\u01b0 x\u1eed khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng t\u00f2a \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Cu\u1ed1n <em>T\u00edch truy\u1ec7n 22 \u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1eed v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o trong \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn T\u00e2y \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i <\/em>k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 cha th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u1eafc Khoan nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c<em>Bao nhi\u00eau k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 quen bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi \u1ea5y v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, tr\u1ef1c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 hay \u00e9p m\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf h\u00f2a nh\u00e3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng vu\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta: ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ebb kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 hay l\u00e0m ph\u00fac cho n\u00f3; nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 sang tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf gian, s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u1eb7c l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3t theo th\u00f3i \u0111\u1eddi th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi gh\u00e9t l\u1eafm, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf nhi\u1ec7m nh\u1eb7t ch\u1eb3ng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng x\u00e1c m\u00ecnh bao gi\u1edd. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0y c\u1ea3, th\u00ec c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a>. C\u0169ng xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng Y Phanxic\u00f4 Xavi\u00ea Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thu\u1eadn: \u201c<em>Th\u1ebf gian kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y con v\u00e2ng ph\u1ee5c, th\u1ebf gian kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft con trinh khi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf gian d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn ra con l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n thanh b\u1ea7n<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a><em>. <\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Tin M\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ecd qua \u0111\u1eddi kia n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eebng l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 gi\u00fap H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1ch hai d\u1eef d\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t. Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. Sau nh\u1eefng n\u0103m b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i kinh ho\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u vua Minh M\u1ea1ng, cha ch\u00ednh Masson Nghi\u00eam l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 coi s\u00f3c v\u00f9ng Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft trong b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 ng\u00e0y 16-6-1842 nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c<em>V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh v\u1eeba qua, \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng t\u00e2n t\u00f2ng tu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 tr\u1ecdng th\u1eadt qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Annam tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i v\u1eady. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0y, m\u00e1u c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea3y sinh c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb m\u00f9a chay v\u1eeba qua, m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn xin r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u00fac thanh b\u00ecnh, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a>. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tu tr\u00ec Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i t\u1edbi <em>tam th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t t\u00fac<\/em>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu tr\u00ec, ba th\u1ee9 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0103n &#8211; \u1edf &#8211; m\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. Trong khung c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u00c1 \u0110\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec7n nghi sang tr\u1ecdng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Tin M\u1eebng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c rao gi\u1ea3ng.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; c. Th\u1eed nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ed9 ba t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai<\/em> n\u00f3i t\u1edbi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi anh em ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta x\u00e9t m\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a theo b\u1ed9 ba tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1y v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, ba t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111ang ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Do v\u00f4 v\u00e0n l\u00ed do kh\u00e1c nhau, anh em linh m\u1ee5c ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, giao thi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng. Nh\u01b0ng trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u201ctruy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o\u201d ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Thay v\u00ec trao cho h\u1ecd Tin M\u1eebng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc theo nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i h\u01b0 t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u00e0i trong nh\u1eefng t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>n\u00f3i t\u1edbi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng \u01b0a h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5, th\u00f3i ki\u00eau c\u0103ng v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tham lam v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9. B\u1ed9 ba <em>d\u00e2m \u00f4 &#8211; ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o &#8211; tham lam <\/em>n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 chi ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 l\u00e8o l\u00e1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican\u00f4 II <em>ad fontes, <\/em>tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n, ngu\u1ed3n Tin M\u1eebng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng theo g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tu tr\u00ec v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n, ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo ki\u1ec3u \u201cs\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7u\u201d d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. L\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>th\u1eadt ch\u00ed l\u00ed: \u201c<em>Ti\u0301nh ham h\u00f4\u0301 cu\u00f4\u0301i cu\u0300ng cu\u0303ng \u0111a\u0303 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00ea\u0301n nh\u01b0\u0303ng h\u00e2\u0323u qua\u0309 tai ha\u0323i: Lo\u0300ng tham v\u00f4 \u0111a\u0301y mu\u00f4\u0301n chi\u00ea\u0301m h\u01b0\u0303u t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 d\u00e2\u0303n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng xa hoa va\u0300 y\u00ea\u0301u nh\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c. T\u01b0\u0300 \u0111o\u0301 ta m\u01a1\u0301i hi\u00ea\u0309u n\u00ea\u0301t x\u00e2\u0301u na\u0300y \u0111a\u0303 bi\u00ea\u0301n nh\u01b0\u0303ng m\u00f4n \u0111\u00f4\u0300 tha\u0300nh ti\u0301n cu\u0309a \u0111\u01b0\u0301c nghe\u0300o kho\u0301 Tin M\u01b0\u0300ng, tr\u01a1\u0309 n\u00ean nh\u01b0\u0303ng n\u00f4 l\u00ea\u0323 x\u00e2\u0301u xa cu\u0309a ti\u00ea\u0300n ba\u0323c. \u0110o\u0301 la\u0300 ca\u0301ch th\u01b0\u0301c d\u00e2\u0303n \u0111\u01b0a nh\u01b0\u0303ng t\u00f4i t\u01a1\u0301 cu\u0309a Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ch\u00f4\u0303 phu\u0323c vu\u0323 ma qui\u0309<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li>\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ee5c t\u1eed<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1eeba sai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang trong <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u1ede ti\u1ebft 5, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai: \u201c<em>M\u00f4\u0323t ch\u00e2n ly\u0301 tuy\u00ea\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0301i: Tinh th\u00e2\u0300n c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n thi\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t va\u0300 hi\u00ea\u0323u nghi\u00ea\u0323m ch\u00f4\u0301ng la\u0323i mo\u0323i th\u01b0\u0301 ca\u0301m d\u00f4\u0303. Chi\u0301nh Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 \u0111a\u0303 tuy\u00ean b\u00f4\u0301 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u \u0111o\u0301 ca\u0301ch d\u01b0\u0301t khoa\u0301t, khi Nga\u0300i no\u0301i: \u201cHa\u0303y ti\u0309nh th\u01b0\u0301c va\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n ke\u0309o sa ch\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ca\u0301m d\u1ed7\u201d (Mc14,38). N\u00ea\u0301u \u0111o\u0301 la\u0300 m\u00ea\u0323nh l\u00ea\u0323nh ma\u0300 Chu\u0301a Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 Chu\u0301a chu\u0301ng ta \u0111a\u0303 ban cho chi\u0301nh ca\u0301c T\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300, chu\u0301ng ta la\u0323i ca\u0300ng kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 ly\u0301 do \u0111\u00ea\u0309 no\u0301i r\u0103\u0300ng ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i th\u01b0\u0300a sai truy\u00ea\u0300n gia\u0301o la\u0323i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2\u0300n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u0323c h\u0103\u0300ng nga\u0300y la\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n \u0111\u00ea\u0309 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u01a1\u0303ng! N\u00ea\u0301u nga\u0300i ch\u00ea\u0309nh ma\u0309ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u0323 nu\u00f4i s\u00f4\u0301ng b\u0103\u0300ng th\u01b0\u0301 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u0323c \u0111o\u0301, nga\u0300i se\u0303 pha\u0309i bi\u0323 suy y\u00ea\u0301u ngay tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c. Nguy\u00ea\u0323n g\u00e2\u0303m la\u0300 ngu\u00f4\u0300n va\u0300 la\u0300 \u0111\u00e2\u0300u cu\u0309a mo\u0323i nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c<\/em>\u201d. Li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n: \u201c<em>V\u00e2\u0303n bi\u00ea\u0301t r\u0103\u0300ng, t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng cu\u0309a nha\u0300 th\u01b0\u0300a sai pha\u0309i la\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t s\u01b0\u0323 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n li\u00ean li\u0309, va\u0300 pha\u0309i g\u0103\u0301n bo\u0301 t\u01b0\u0300ng gi\u00e2y phu\u0301t v\u01a1\u0301i Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a, nh\u01b0ng m\u00f4\u0303i nga\u0300y c\u00e2\u0300n da\u0300nh ra m\u00f4\u0323t th\u01a1\u0300i gian nh\u00e2\u0301t \u0111i\u0323nh \u0111\u00ea\u0309 th\u01a1\u0300 la\u0323y Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a: I\u0301t ra la\u0300 hai ti\u00ea\u0301ng, \u0111u\u0301ng theo lu\u00e2\u0323t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c a\u0301p du\u0323ng cho ph\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u00f4ng ca\u0301c tu si\u0303 th\u01b0\u0300a sai, va\u0300 theo tho\u0301i quen co\u0300n gi\u01b0\u0303 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n nay nh\u01a1\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng vi\u0323 nhi\u00ea\u0323t ti\u0300nh la\u0300m tro\u0300n b\u00f4\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0323n t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ti\u1ebft 1 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201c<em>ph\u1ea3i t\u0129nh t\u00e2m khi \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/em>\u201d. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Gioan T\u1ea9y Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u1edf ti\u1ebft 2 r\u1eb1ng \u201c<em>v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai th\u1ef1c ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em>\u201d. Do x\u00e1c t\u00edn c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, \u201c<em>vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai pha\u0309i y\u0301 th\u01b0\u0301c r\u0103\u0300ng mi\u0300nh kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 c\u00f4ng tra\u0323ng, cu\u0303ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c gi\u0300 so v\u01a1\u0301i ca\u0301c tha\u0301nh rao gia\u0309ng Tin M\u01b0\u0300ng na\u0300y, va\u0300 bi\u00ea\u0301t mi\u0300nh cu\u0303ng b\u00e2\u0301t ta\u0300i trong c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c cu\u0309a ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300, n\u00ea\u0301u pha\u0309i lui va\u0300o n\u01a1i hiu qua\u0323nh tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c khi ha\u0300nh \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng, nh\u01b0 v\u00e2\u0323y nga\u0300i se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ea\u0300u mi\u0300nh ban pha\u0301t \u00e2n su\u0309ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 r\u00f4\u0300i la\u0300m thi\u00ea\u0323t ha\u0323i chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh, va\u0300 la\u0300m ho\u0309ng t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 vi\u0300 ha\u0300nh \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u0301ng lu\u0301c va\u0300 ch\u01b0a ti\u0300m y\u0301 Chu\u0301a<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n g\u1eafn k\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3: \u201c<em>vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai ti\u0300m th\u00e2\u0301y trong tinh th\u00e2\u0300n kh\u00f4\u0309 ch\u00ea\u0301 va\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n m\u00f4\u0323t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ca\u0301ch hoa\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0323n cho chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh, thi\u0300 cu\u0303ng chi\u0301nh nh\u01b0\u0303ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u0301c \u00e2\u0301y se\u0303 giu\u0301p nga\u0300i la\u0300m vi\u00ea\u0323c co\u0301 hi\u00ea\u0323u qua\u0309 h\u01a1n trong vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u01b0\u0301u r\u00f4\u0303i va\u0300 tha\u0301nh hoa\u0301 ke\u0309 kha\u0301c. Kinh nghi\u00ea\u0323m h\u1eb1ng nga\u0300y cho ta th\u00e2\u0301y mo\u0323i th\u01b0\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0300u thu\u00e2\u0323n l\u01a1\u0323i cho nh\u01b0\u0303ng ai truy\u00ea\u0300n gia\u0301o b\u0103\u0300ng \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng kh\u00f4\u0309 ch\u00ea\u0301 va\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n, \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng th\u01a1\u0300i kinh nghi\u00ea\u0323m cu\u0303ng da\u0323y ta thi\u00ea\u0301u nh\u01b0\u0303ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c na\u0300y, mo\u0323i s\u01b0\u0323 se\u0303 tan tha\u0300nh m\u00e2y kho\u0301i, do \u0111o\u0301 ta co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 k\u00ea\u0301t lu\u00e2\u0323n r\u0103\u0300ng \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng kh\u00f4\u0309 ch\u00ea\u0301 va\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n la\u0300 n\u00ea\u0300n ta\u0309ng chi\u0301nh y\u00ea\u0301u cu\u0309a vi\u00ea\u0323c truy\u00ea\u0300n gia\u0301o<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u00ed do c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ch\u00faa: \u201c<em>Cho n\u00ean nga\u0300i chi\u0309 co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 sinh l\u01a1\u0323i khi nh\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300o c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n \u0111\u00ea\u0309 h\u01a1\u0323p nh\u00e2\u0301t v\u01a1\u0301i \u0110\u00e2\u0301ng \u0111a\u0303 h\u00f4\u0301i thu\u0301c va\u0300 tr\u01a1\u0323 l\u01b0\u0323c nga\u0300i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng. Th\u00e2\u0323t v\u00e2\u0323y, la\u0300m sao nga\u0300i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 hi\u00ea\u0309u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c danh hi\u00ea\u0323u \u2018\u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c sai \u0111i\u2019, n\u00ea\u0301u vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai kh\u00f4ng l\u0103\u0301ng nghe ti\u00ea\u0301ng cu\u0309a \u0110\u00e2\u0301ng pha\u0301i nga\u0300i \u0111i? La\u0300m sao nga\u0300i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 th\u01b0\u0323c hi\u00ea\u0323n y\u0301 Chu\u0301a n\u00ea\u0301u nga\u0300i kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u0309 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng ti\u0300m ra trong c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n? La\u0300m sao nga\u0300i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m nhi\u00ea\u0323m vu\u0323 ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i trung gian gi\u01b0\u0303a Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a va\u0300 loa\u0300i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, n\u00ea\u0301u nga\u0300i kh\u00f4ng bi\u00ea\u0301t ca\u0301ch giao ho\u0300a ca\u0301c thu\u0323 ta\u0323o v\u01a1\u0301i \u0110\u00e2\u0301ng Ta\u0323o Hoa\u0301 b\u0103\u0300ng l\u01a1\u0300i c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n? La\u0300m sao nga\u0300i co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 s\u01b0\u0309a da\u0323y ca\u0301c con chi\u00ean n\u00ea\u0301u nga\u0300i kh\u00f4ng li\u0303nh h\u00f4\u0323i s\u01b0\u0323 kh\u00f4n ngoan cu\u0309a Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a t\u01b0\u0300 ngu\u00f4\u0300n ma\u0323ch chi\u00eam ni\u00ea\u0323m? Cu\u00f4\u0301i cu\u0300ng, n\u00ea\u0301u kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 c\u00e2\u0300u nguy\u00ea\u0323n, la\u0300m sao nga\u0300i v\u01b0\u01a1\u0323t qua \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c mo\u0323i kho\u0301 kh\u0103n, ngoa\u0300i s\u01b0\u0301c con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, ba\u0309n ch\u00e2\u0301t t\u01b0\u0323 nhi\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i na\u0300y pha\u0309i \u0103n nhi\u0323p v\u01a1\u0301i ta\u0301c \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng cu\u0309a Chu\u0301a Tha\u0301nh Th\u00e2\u0300n, b\u0103\u0300ng \u0111\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng kh\u00f4\u0309 ha\u0323nh? Cho n\u00ean, pha\u0309i nh\u00e2\u0323n r\u0103\u0300ng hai nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c k\u00ea\u0309 tr\u00ean la\u0300 hai \u0111\u01b0\u0301c ti\u0301nh n\u00f2ng c\u00f4\u0301t cu\u0309a vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai va\u0300 cu\u0309a s\u01b0\u0301 vu\u0323<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hai nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai. Kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai v\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">S\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh <em>Optatam totius <\/em>c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican\u00f4 II d\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Ch\u00ednh ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n IV, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 8-12, cho th\u1ea5y b\u1eadn t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y: \u201c<em>Quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang<\/em>\u201d. Ngay \u1edf s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u1ee9c s\u1ed1 8 c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u201c<em>c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng sinh ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp s\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p li\u00ean l\u1ec9 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Cha, nh\u1edd Con c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4, trong Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 T\u01b0 T\u1ebf nh\u1edd B\u00ed t\u00edch Truy\u1ec1n Ch\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh, h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n t\u00e2m giao trong m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n <em>Pastores dabo vobis <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn l\u1ea1i \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a <em>Optatam totius<\/em> trong ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang. T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n c\u00f2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n: \u201c<em>C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi linh m\u1ee5c, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u2018t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m\u2019, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng cho \u2018h\u1eefu th\u1ec3\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2019 c\u1ee7a linh m\u1ee5c. Trong chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Ph\u1ee5 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u2018thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng\u2019 v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o thi\u00eang li\u00eang ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cy\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c linh m\u1ee5c\u2019<\/em>\u201d (s\u1ed1 45).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu s\u00e2u xa v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ee5c t\u1eed \u201c<em>ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec thanh la ph\u00e8ng ph\u00e8ng, ch\u0169m ch\u1ecde xoang xo\u1ea3ng<\/em>\u201d (1 Cr 13,1).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1eady d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 hai m\u1ed1i nguy li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a. V\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u1edf ti\u1ebft 1 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3, r\u1eb1ng \u201c<em>ca\u0300ng i\u0301t c\u00e2\u0323y d\u01b0\u0323a va\u0300o no\u0301 ca\u0300ng t\u00f4\u0301t<\/em>\u201d, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u201c<em>kinh nghi\u00ea\u0323m cu\u0303ng cho th\u00e2\u0301y nh\u01b0\u0303ng s\u01b0\u0323 giu\u0301p \u0111\u01a1\u0303 thu\u00e2\u0300n tu\u0301y con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i g\u00e2y ha\u0323i nhi\u00ea\u0300u h\u01a1n la\u0300 \u0111em la\u0323i l\u01a1\u0323i i\u0301ch cho vi\u00ea\u0323c truy\u00ea\u0300n ba\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u0301c tin<\/em>\u201d. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebft 2, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng \u201c<em>T\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 nh\u01b0\u0303ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u00ea\u0323n con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i thi\u0300 kh\u00f4ng cu\u0300ng m\u00f4\u0323t ti\u0301nh ch\u00e2\u0301t, t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 chu\u0301ng kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 cu\u0300ng ti\u0301nh ca\u0301ch nh\u01b0 nhau<\/em>\u201d. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n: \u201c<em>M\u00f4\u0323t s\u00f4\u0301 thi\u0300 x\u00e2\u0301u va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c phe\u0301p la\u0300m trong mo\u0323i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng h\u01a1\u0323p: vi\u00ea\u0323c ro\u0303 nh\u00e2\u0301t la\u0300 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ma\u0323i, b\u01a1\u0309i vi\u0300 no\u0301 la\u0300m t\u00f4\u0309n ha\u0323i n\u0103\u0323ng nh\u00e2\u0301t \u0111\u00ea\u0301n thanh danh cu\u0309a s\u01b0\u0301 vu\u0323 t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300. Co\u0300n gi\u0300 \u0111a\u0301ng x\u00e2\u0301u h\u00f4\u0309 h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300 v\u00f4\u0301n h\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng lo\u0300ng v\u00ea\u0300 tr\u01a1\u0300i, la\u0323i co\u0300n ma\u0309i m\u00ea v\u01a1\u0301i nh\u01b0\u0303ng c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c tr\u00e2\u0300n tu\u0323c? \u0110o\u0301 chi\u0301nh la\u0300 ngoa\u0301i la\u0323i sau khi \u0111a\u0303 tra tay c\u00e2\u0300m ca\u0300y, va\u0300 la\u0323i g\u0103\u0301n bo\u0301 v\u01a1\u0301i nh\u01b0\u0303ng ca\u0301i v\u0103\u0323t va\u0303nh \u0111\u00ea he\u0300n cu\u0309a th\u00ea\u0301 gi\u01a1\u0301i na\u0300y. Co\u0300n gi\u0300 b\u00e2\u0301t x\u01b0\u0301ng h\u01a1n s\u01b0\u0301 gia\u0309 cu\u0309a Chu\u0301a Kit\u00f4, la\u0300 n\u00f4 l\u00ea\u0323 hoa\u0301 vi\u00ea\u0323c rao gia\u0309ng Tin M\u01b0\u0300ng d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i nh\u01b0\u0303ng hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ma\u0323i?<\/em>\u201d. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i bi\u1ec7n minh cho vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng th\u1eeba sai l\u00e0 \u201c<em>sai l\u00e2\u0300m tai ha\u0323i<\/em>\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u201c<em>m\u1ed9t t\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ea3n v\u0103n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201c<em>vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u00e2\u0301m \u0111oa\u0301n na\u0300y kh\u00f4ng chi\u0309 nh\u0103\u0301m \u0111\u00ea\u0301n nh\u01b0\u0303ng hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ma\u0323i, nh\u01b0ng co\u0300n c\u00e2\u0301m quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00ea\u0301n vi\u00ea\u0323c \u00e2\u0301y va\u0300 ngay ca\u0309 \u01b0\u01a1\u0301c mu\u00f4\u0301n cu\u0303ng bi\u0323 c\u00e2\u0301m<\/em>\u201d. L\u00ed do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra l\u00e0: \u201c<em>Vi\u00ea\u0323c bu\u00f4n ba\u0301n co\u0301 ha\u0323i cho \u0111a\u0323o \u0111\u00ea\u0301n m\u01b0\u0301c na\u0300y: m\u00f4\u0323t vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai ma\u0309i m\u00ea v\u01a1\u0301i c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c bu\u00f4n ba\u0301n co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta xa la\u0301nh \u0111a\u0323o nhi\u00ea\u0300u h\u01a1n la\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t nha\u0300 rao gia\u0309ng ch\u00e2n chi\u0301nh co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 chinh phu\u0323c ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta va\u0300o \u0111a\u0323o. Va\u0300 t\u00f4\u0301t h\u01a1n cho vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai la\u0300 tr\u01a1\u0309 v\u00ea\u0300 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng hay la\u0300 bu\u00f4\u0323c pha\u0309i \u0111\u00ea\u0301n m\u00f4\u0323t n\u01a1i xa x\u00f4i t\u00e2\u0323n cu\u0300ng na\u0300o \u0111o\u0301, n\u00ea\u0301u co\u0300n ti\u00ea\u0301p tu\u0323c ngh\u00ea\u0300 bu\u00f4n<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \u201c<em>vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai s\u00f4\u0301ng gi\u01b0\u0303a th\u00ea\u0301 gian, gi\u01b0\u0303a ca\u0301c thi\u00ean th\u00e2\u0300n va\u0300 loa\u0300i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, n\u00ean pha\u0309i ca\u0309nh gia\u0301c kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u00ea\u0303m v\u00ea\u0301t nh\u01a1 bu\u00f4n ba\u0301n nho\u0309 nh\u0103\u0323t nh\u00e2\u0301t, ma\u0300 co\u0300n kh\u00f4ng cho phe\u0301p g\u00e2y nghi ng\u01a1\u0300 la\u0300 nga\u0300i ha\u0301m l\u01a1\u0323i du\u0300 nhe\u0323 nh\u00e2\u0301t, la\u0300m hoen \u00f4\u0301 thanh danh cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh<\/em>\u201d.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch c\u01b0 x\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1eeba sai n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta, cha \u0110\u1eafc L\u1ed9, khi \u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c loan b\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng: \u201c<em>M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u l\u00fac t\u1eeb Macao tr\u1ea9y \u0111i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em theo ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng cho m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa ba n\u0103m \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, d\u00f9 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau h\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 ban. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n ch\u1ecbu, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng mu\u1ed1n xin c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed m\u00e0 h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t vui l\u00f2ng cho, h\u1ecd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng kho\u00e9t m\u1eaft \u0111em d\u00e2ng cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m minh ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f4 v\u1ecb l\u1ee3i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111em t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o ta v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ee9c tin ch\u00fang t\u00f4i rao gi\u1ea3ng<\/em>\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c t\u1eed v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i nguy c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ki\u1ebfm l\u1eddi l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi l\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c t\u1eed c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m rao gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; b. V\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh d\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u0169ng \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh d\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf ti\u1ebft 4 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u201c<em>kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng ch\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o uy t\u00edn<\/em>\u201d. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00eau b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i uy t\u00edn: \u201c<em>Ch\u0103\u0301c ch\u0103\u0301n la\u0300 thanh danh va\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 ki\u0301nh tro\u0323ng thi\u0300 c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t cho ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i th\u01a1\u0323 Tin M\u01b0\u0300ng, \u0111\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m cho ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta l\u0103\u0301ng nghe v\u01a1\u0301i lo\u0300ng tha\u0300nh va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng g\u0103\u0323p kho\u0301 kh\u0103n. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e2\u0301n \u0111\u00ea\u0300 la\u0300 kh\u00f4ng pha\u0309i ca\u0301i uy ti\u0301n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0323 ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u0103\u0300ng cu\u0309a ca\u0309i, b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0323 xa hoa va\u0300 ti\u0300nh ba\u0323n v\u01a1\u0301i ca\u0301c vua chu\u0301a, nh\u01b0ng la\u0300 uy ti\u0301n \u0111\u0103\u0323t n\u00ea\u0300n ta\u0309ng tr\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c va\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 tha\u0301nh thi\u00ea\u0323n. Uy ti\u0301n do tha\u0301nh \u0111\u01b0\u0301c thi\u0300 x\u00e2y d\u01b0\u0323ng trong lu\u0301c uy ti\u0301n th\u00ea\u0301 tu\u0323c thi\u0300 pha\u0301 hu\u0309y; m\u00f4\u0323t b\u00ean g\u01a1\u0323i l\u00ean s\u01b0\u0323 khi\u00eam t\u00f4\u0301n, b\u00ean kia nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u01a1\u0303ng tham vo\u0323ng; m\u00f4\u0323t \u0111a\u0300ng da\u0323y ba\u0309o vi\u00ea\u0323c khinh ch\u00ea mo\u0323i s\u01b0\u0323, khinh ch\u00ea nh\u01b0\u0303ng cu\u0309a ca\u0309i cho\u0301ng qua, \u0111\u0103\u0323t chu\u0301ng ta \u01a1\u0309 tr\u00ean mo\u0323i th\u01b0\u0301 phu\u0300 v\u00e2n, \u0111a\u0300ng kia mua danh vo\u0323ng b\u0103\u0300ng va\u0300ng, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u01a1\u0303ng s\u01b0\u0323 ham m\u00ea cu\u0309a ca\u0309i va\u0300 ti\u0301nh ki\u00eau nga\u0323o<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n ngoan: \u201c<em>Cho n\u00ean vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai pha\u0309i to\u0309 ro\u0303 gia\u0301 tri\u0323, kh\u00f4ng pha\u0309i b\u0103\u0300ng ve\u0309 l\u00f4\u0323ng l\u00e2\u0303y khoa tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng b\u0103\u0300ng vi\u00ea\u0323c a\u0301p du\u0323ng khi\u00eam t\u00f4\u0301n, kh\u00f4ng pha\u0309i b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0323 ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m danh vo\u0323ng nh\u01b0ng b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0323 tr\u00f4\u0301n cha\u0323y ca\u0301c ph\u00e2\u0309m t\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c, kh\u00f4ng pha\u0309i b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0323 d\u00f4\u0300i da\u0300o cu\u0309a ca\u0309i nh\u01b0ng b\u0103\u0300ng ti\u0300nh y\u00eau s\u01b0\u0323 kho\u0301 nghe\u0300o. B\u01a1\u0309i v\u00e2\u0323y, nga\u0300i se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u01a1\u0300 la\u0300 kha\u0301ch quen cu\u0309a ch\u00f4\u0301n cung \u0111i\u0300nh. \u0110\u0103\u0323t tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng h\u01a1\u0323p ma\u0300 nga\u0300i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c vua chu\u0301a ho\u0103\u0323c nh\u01b0\u0303ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e2\u0323t quan tro\u0323ng cu\u0309a cung \u0111i\u0300nh m\u01a1\u0300i \u0111\u00ea\u0301n, ho\u0103\u0323c nga\u0300i pha\u0309i \u0111\u00ea\u0301n \u0111o\u0301 do c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t ho\u0103\u0323c trong hy vo\u0323ng se\u0303 la\u0300m cho ho\u0323 tr\u01a1\u0309 la\u0323i \u0111a\u0323o, thi\u0300 nga\u0300i c\u01b0 x\u01b0\u0309 \u01a1\u0309 \u0111o\u0301 v\u01a1\u0301i s\u01b0\u0323 khi\u00eam t\u00f4\u0301n, \u0111\u01a1n gia\u0309n va\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323c ma\u0323c la\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng ph\u00e2\u0309m ti\u0301nh thu\u00e2\u0300n tu\u0301y Kit\u00f4 gia\u0301o; \u01a1\u0309 \u0111o\u0301 nga\u0300i se\u0303 to\u0309 ra kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00ea\u0301n mo\u0323i vi\u00ea\u0323c th\u00ea\u0301 tu\u0323c, \u0111\u00ea\u0309 cho mo\u0323i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i th\u00e2\u0301y r\u0103\u0300ng nga\u0300i chi\u0309 mong ch\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300 ti\u0300m ki\u00ea\u0301m vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u01b0\u0301u r\u00f4\u0303i ca\u0301c linh h\u00f4\u0300n, kh\u00f4ng ma\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n mo\u0323i vi\u00ea\u0323c kha\u0301c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Kh\u00f4ng h\u00ea\u0300 co\u0301 y\u0301 \u0111i\u0323nh m\u01b0u \u0111\u00f4\u0300 la\u0300m quan, la\u0300m \u0111a\u0323i s\u01b0\u0301 ho\u0103\u0323c ca\u0301c ch\u01b0\u0301c vu\u0323 kha\u0301c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u0323, nga\u0300i cu\u0303ng se\u0303 t\u01b0\u0300 ch\u00f4\u0301i chu\u0301ng ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng do d\u01b0\u0323 n\u00ea\u0301u ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta \u0111\u00ea\u0300 nghi\u0323, cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 mo\u0323i ch\u01b0\u0301c vu\u0323 ha\u0300o nhoa\u0301ng vinh quang kha\u0301c. N\u00ea\u0301u thi\u0309nh thoa\u0309ng vua chu\u0301a tham kha\u0309o y\u0301 ki\u00ea\u0301n nga\u0300i, thi\u0300 chi\u0309 sau nhi\u00ea\u0300u l\u00e2\u0300n kh\u00e2\u0309n khoa\u0309n, nga\u0300i m\u01a1\u0301i cho y\u0301 ki\u00ea\u0301n, v\u01a1\u0301i t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 ch\u00e2n tha\u0300nh va\u0300 c\u00f4ng bi\u0300nh, va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u01a1\u0300 qu\u00ean y\u0301 t\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng v\u00ea\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 vi\u0303nh h\u0103\u0300ng. Sau \u0111o\u0301 nga\u0300i se\u0303 v\u00f4\u0323i va\u0303 r\u01a1\u0300i cung \u0111i\u00ea\u0323n ho\u0103\u0323c tri\u00ea\u0300u \u0111i\u0300nh. H\u01a1n n\u01b0\u0303a, \u0111\u00ea\u0309 co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ru\u0301t lui d\u00ea\u0303 da\u0300ng h\u01a1n, nga\u0300i se\u0303 la\u0300m cho ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta th\u00e2\u0301y ro\u0303 nga\u0300i hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng v\u00ea\u0300 chi\u0301nh tri\u0323 va\u0300 th\u01b0\u0323c t\u00ea\u0301 cu\u0303ng kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng v\u00ea\u0300 ha\u0300nh chi\u0301nh<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 qu\u00ed b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh d\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; c. Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc th\u1eadp gi\u00e1<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cu\u1ed1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III, \u1edf ti\u1ebft 7, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i d\u1eb1n v\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai, nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, theologia crucis, v\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 suy t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Lambert.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eebng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn: \u201c<em>C\u01a1n ca\u0301m d\u00f4\u0303 kho\u0301 chi\u0323u nh\u00e2\u0301t \u0111\u00f4\u0301i v\u01a1\u0301i nha\u0300 truy\u00ea\u0300n gia\u0301o \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean g\u00e2\u0300n v\u01a1\u0301i ti\u0300nh hu\u00f4\u0301ng sau \u0111\u00e2y: nga\u0300i thi\u00ea\u0301u nh\u01b0\u0303ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u00ea\u0323n thu\u00e2\u0300n tu\u0301y nh\u00e2n loa\u0323i \u0111a\u0303 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c li\u00ea\u0323t k\u00ea \u01a1\u0309 tr\u00ean, ho\u0103\u0323c la\u0300 chu\u0301ng \u01a1\u0309 trong t\u00e2\u0300m tay nga\u0300i; nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4\u0323t th\u00e2\u0300n ca\u0309m t\u01b0\u0300 Chu\u0301a, hay Thi\u00ean Y\u0301 na\u0300o \u0111o\u0301 c\u00e2\u0301m nga\u0300i hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng. Nga\u0300i ke\u0301o l\u00ea cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng kh\u00f4\u0301n kh\u00f4\u0309, th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng tu\u0301ng thi\u00ea\u0301u ngay ca\u0309 cho nh\u01b0\u0303ng nhu c\u00e2\u0300u c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t nh\u00e2\u0301t; ch\u00e2\u0301p nh\u00e2\u0323n nga\u0300n mu\u00f4n nghi\u0323ch ca\u0309nh: mo\u0323i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i khinh re\u0309, r\u00f4\u0300i \u0111u\u0309 loa\u0323i \u0111au kh\u00f4\u0309 t\u01b0\u0300 b\u00ean trong l\u00e2\u0303n b\u00ean ngoa\u0300i; va\u0300 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u co\u0300n la\u0300m cho nga\u0300i lo s\u01a1\u0323 h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u0303a, \u0111o\u0301 la\u0300 kh\u00f4ng g\u0103\u0323p tha\u0300nh c\u00f4ng na\u0300o trong c\u00f4ng vi\u00ea\u0323c truy\u00ea\u0300n ba\u0301 Tin M\u01b0\u0300ng cu\u0309a nga\u0300i. Kh\u00f4ng k\u00ea\u0301t qua\u0309 ti\u0301ch c\u01b0\u0323c na\u0300o t\u01b0\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng n\u00f4\u0303 l\u01b0\u0323c cu\u0309a nga\u0300i, th\u00ea\u0301 ma\u0300 d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i m\u0103\u0301t nga\u0300i, nh\u01b0\u0303ng nha\u0300 truy\u00ea\u0300n gia\u0301o \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng nghi\u00ea\u0323p kha\u0301c, nh\u01a1\u0300 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u00ea\u0323n tr\u00ean, la\u0323i \u0111ang s\u00f4\u0301ng trong sung tu\u0301c va\u0300 thi\u0323nh v\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng, chi\u0309 nghe nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u01a1\u0300i ta\u0301n d\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u0309a mo\u0323i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i v\u00ea\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t vu\u0323 mu\u0300a d\u00f4\u0300i da\u0300o&#8230; \u0110o\u0301 ch\u0103\u0301c ch\u0103\u0301n la\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t vi\u00ean \u0111a\u0301 v\u00e2\u0301p nga\u0303 ma\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t s\u00f4\u0301 r\u00e2\u0301t l\u01a1\u0301n se\u0303 v\u00e2\u0301p pha\u0309i, m\u00f4\u0323t ta\u0309ng \u0111a\u0301 hi\u00ea\u0309m tr\u01a1\u0309 nh\u00f4 tr\u00ean v\u01b0\u0323c s\u00e2u: ba\u0300n ch\u00e2n v\u01b0\u0303ng ch\u0103\u0301c nh\u00e2\u0301t se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng tru\u0323 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u01a1\u0309 \u0111o\u0301 n\u00ea\u0301u kh\u00f4ng co\u0301 phe\u0301p la\u0323 phi th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng cu\u0309a \u00e2n su\u0309ng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111u\u0301ng h\u01a1n, chu\u0301ng ta n\u00ean no\u0301i \u0111o\u0301 chi\u0301nh la\u0300 th\u01b0\u0301 \u0111a\u0301 th\u01b0\u0309 va\u0300ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300m l\u00f4\u0323 ra nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u0301c cu\u0309a vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai, hay co\u0300n go\u0323i la\u0300 lo\u0300 nung \u0111\u00f4\u0301t \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ca\u0301c ch\u00e2\u0301t li\u00ea\u0323u cu\u0309a nga\u0300i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ru\u0303 bo\u0309 \u0111\u00e2\u0301t \u0111a\u0301 bao quanh, va\u0300 \u0111a\u0323t \u0111\u00ea\u0301n \u0111\u00f4\u0323 tinh khi\u00ea\u0301t nh\u00e2\u0301t. Trong lu\u0301c \u0111o\u0301, th\u00e2\u0323t ra b\u00ea\u0300 ngoa\u0300i co\u0301 ve\u0309 th\u00e2\u0301t ba\u0323i, nh\u01b0ng co\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i khi xem xe\u0301t ti\u0300nh th\u00ea\u0301 cu\u0309a nga\u0300i, la\u0323i cho la\u0300 r\u00e2\u0301t ha\u0323nh phu\u0301c va\u0300 \u0111a\u0301ng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u01a1\u0301c: nga\u0300i ca\u0309m th\u00e2\u0301y trong chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh s\u01b0\u0323 toa\u0300n th\u0103\u0301ng cu\u0309a \u00e2n su\u0309ng, con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i cu\u0303 \u0111a\u0303 bi\u0323 ch\u00f4n vu\u0300i va\u0300 nay con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i m\u01a1\u0301i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c phu\u0323c sinh, hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n tr\u01a1 tru\u0323i \u0111\u00ea\u0309 pho\u0301 tha\u0301c cho Chu\u0301a<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u1eeb ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh xem ra l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n g\u1eafn k\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu: \u201c<em>Phaol\u00f4 bi\u00ea\u0301t \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ho\u0323c n\u01a1i Th\u00e2\u0300y cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh, b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0323 ki\u00ean nh\u00e2\u0303n, s\u01b0\u0323 ru\u00f4\u0300ng bo\u0309 va\u0300 ca\u0301i ch\u00ea\u0301t tu\u0309i nhu\u0323c cu\u0309a th\u00e2\u0323p gia\u0301 ma\u0300 Gia\u0301o H\u00f4\u0323i \u0111a\u0303 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ta\u0323o d\u01b0\u0323ng, n\u00ean vi\u0323 th\u01b0\u0300a sai D\u00e2n ngoa\u0323i kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f4ng ch\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300o kh\u00f4n ngoan loa\u0300i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, cu\u0303ng kh\u00f4ng ma\u0300ng v\u01a1\u0301i nh\u01b0\u0303ng m\u01b0u me\u0323o ma\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300 gia\u0309 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 thu hu\u0301t v\u00ea\u0300 phi\u0301a mi\u0300nh lo\u0300ng t\u00f4\u0301t cu\u0309a d\u00e2n chu\u0301ng; nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ki\u00ean v\u01b0\u0303ng va\u0300 bi\u0300nh tha\u0309n, nga\u0300i kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u00f4\u0309i ca\u0301ch s\u00f4\u0301ng cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng pha\u0301p rao gia\u0309ng cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">S\u1ed1ng Tin M\u1eebng l\u00e0 d\u00e1m \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i gi\u1eefa linh \u0111\u1ea1o truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc th\u1eadp gi\u00e1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00ed c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o: \u201c<em>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed5 ra, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u01a1n tha th\u1ee9<\/em>\u201d (Hr 9,22).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"4\">\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, con xin \u0111i\u1ec3m qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m rao gi\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ee5c t\u1eed. V\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft, th\u1eddi gi\u1edd v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho l\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng, thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta h\u00f4m nay: \u201c<em>Kh\u01a1\u0309i \u0111\u00e2\u0300u, nga\u0300i pha\u0309i nghi\u00eam tu\u0301c bi\u00ea\u0301t ph\u00f4\u0301i h\u01a1\u0323p va\u0300 chu\u00e2\u0309n bi\u0323 nh\u01b0\u0303ng \u0111\u00ea\u0300 ta\u0300i ma\u0300 nga\u0300i se\u0303 no\u0301i chuy\u00ea\u0323n v\u01a1\u0301i d\u00e2n chu\u0301ng; sau \u0111o\u0301 nga\u0300i se\u0303 chu\u0301 t\u00e2m suy ni\u00ea\u0323m chu\u0301ng tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c m\u0103\u0323t Chu\u0301a va\u0300 chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh g\u0103\u0301ng th\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng th\u01b0\u0301c, nghi\u00ea\u0300n ng\u00e2\u0303m nh\u01b0\u0303ng \u0111\u00ea\u0300 ta\u0300i \u00e2\u0301y tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c ti\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0309 n\u0103\u0301m b\u0103\u0301t h\u00ea\u0301t t\u00e2\u0300m a\u0309nh h\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng quan tro\u0323ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u00e2\u0323y, vi\u00ea\u0323c rao gia\u0309ng se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng pha\u0309i la\u0300 m\u00f4\u0323t s\u01b0\u0323 tu\u00f4n ra kh\u00f4 khan theo tri\u0301 nh\u01a1\u0301, ma\u0300 la\u0300 k\u00ea\u0301t qua\u0309 cu\u0309a nh\u01b0\u0303ng suy ni\u00ea\u0323m ma\u0303nh li\u00ea\u0323t; nga\u0300i se\u0303 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 va\u0300o \u0111\u00e2\u0301y ca\u0309 b\u00e2\u0300u nhi\u00ea\u0323t huy\u00ea\u0301t t\u00e2m h\u00f4\u0300n nga\u0300i. Va\u0300 khi \u00e2\u0301y nh\u01b0 do\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0303a t\u01b0\u01a1i b\u00f4\u0309 d\u01b0\u01a1\u0303ng, s\u01b0\u0323 su\u0300ng ki\u0301nh se\u0303 cha\u0309y ra t\u01b0\u0300 m\u00f4i mi\u00ea\u0323ng nga\u0300i d\u00f4\u0300i da\u0300o nh\u01b0\u0303ng \u00e2n su\u0309ng tr\u00ean tr\u01a1\u0300i; ho\u0103\u0323c l\u01a1\u0300i nga\u0300i se\u0303 nh\u01b0 m\u00f4\u0323t tia l\u01b0\u0309a cu\u0309a Ti\u0300nh Y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a, \u0111ang b\u0103\u0301n ra t\u01b0\u0300 mi\u00ea\u0323ng nga\u0300i va\u0300 \u0111ang nung \u0111\u00f4\u0301t con tim cu\u0309a nh\u01b0\u0303ng ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i \u0111ang nghe nga\u0300i<\/em>\u201d (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV, ti\u1ebft 2). Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng rao gi\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 \u201c<em>th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 chi\u00eam ni\u1ec7m<\/em>\u201d (Ni\u1ec1m vui Tin M\u1eebng, s\u1ed1 150). C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u0169ng khuy\u00ean v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai ph\u1ea3i \u201c<em>no\u0301i th\u01b0\u0301 ng\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u0303 v\u01b0\u0300a t\u00e2\u0300m mo\u0323i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i<\/em>\u201d theo g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa C\u1ee9u Th\u1ebf. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5n th\u00fa v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 con mu\u1ed1n n\u00eau ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn khi v\u1ecb th\u1eeba sai \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00e0 qu\u1ec9. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ra \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u t\u00e2m trong khung c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay: \u201c<em>M\u0103\u0323c du\u0300 m\u01b0u me\u0323o cu\u0309a chu\u0301ng thi\u0300 nhi\u00ea\u0300u, d\u00e2\u0303u v\u00e2\u0323y ta co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 to\u0301m t\u0103\u0301t chu\u0301ng la\u0323i tha\u0300nh hai th\u1ee9: <strong>A\u0309o t\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng va\u0300 \u0111e doa\u0323<\/strong>. Chi\u0301nh b\u0103\u0300ng a\u0309o t\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng ma\u0300 chu\u0301ng th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ca\u0301m d\u00f4\u0303 nh\u01b0\u0303ng ke\u0309 d\u00f4\u0301t na\u0301t, nh\u01b0\u0303ng ke\u0309 \u0111\u01a1n gia\u0309n, nh\u01b0\u0303ng ke\u0309 to\u0300 mo\u0300, nh\u01b0\u0303ng ke\u0309 ki\u00eau nga\u0323o, to\u0301m la\u0323i la\u0300 mo\u0323i ke\u0309 kh\u00f4ng bi\u00ea\u0301t t\u01b0\u0323 gi\u01b0\u0303 chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0323 chu\u0301 y\u0301 kh\u00f4ng h\u00ea\u0300 gia\u0309m su\u0301t. Va\u0300 chi\u0301nh b\u0103\u0300ng \u0111e do\u0323a ma\u0300 chu\u0301ng h\u0103m do\u0323a va\u0300 ta\u0301c \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ke\u0309 nhu\u0301t nha\u0301t, nh\u01b0\u0303ng ke\u0309 nha\u0301t gan, nh\u01b0\u0303ng ke\u0309 he\u0300n nha\u0301t, to\u0301m la\u0323i la\u0300 mo\u0323i ke\u0309 ma\u0300 vinh quang Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a, vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u01b0\u0301u r\u00f4\u0303i ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i kha\u0301c, vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u01b0\u0301u r\u00f4\u0303i chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh cu\u0303ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ea\u0309 lay chuy\u00ea\u0309n nh\u01b0 \u0111a\u0301ng ra pha\u0309i nh\u01b0 th\u00ea\u0301<\/em>\u201d (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II, ti\u1ebft 3). Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u0103n d\u1eb7n th\u00eam: \u201c<em>n\u00ea\u0301u m\u00f4\u0323t nga\u0300y na\u0300o \u0111o\u0301 xa\u0309y ra cho nga\u0300i pha\u0309i co\u0301 vi\u00ea\u0323c c\u00e2\u0300n gia\u0309i quy\u00ea\u0301t v\u01a1\u0301i nh\u01b0\u0303ng ke\u0309 bi\u0323 qui\u0309 a\u0301m, nga\u0300i se\u0303 tu\u00e2n thu\u0309 c\u00e2\u0309n th\u00e2\u0323n mo\u0323i h\u01b0\u01a1\u0301ng d\u00e2\u0303n trong sa\u0301ch nghi l\u00ea\u0303 cu\u0309a Gia\u0301o H\u00f4\u0323i. Sau \u0111\u00e2y th\u00eam va\u0300i l\u01a1\u0300i khuy\u00ean ma\u0300 nga\u0300i co\u0300n co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 du\u0300ng ca\u0301ch co\u0301 l\u01a1\u0323i: nga\u0300i se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng lao va\u0300o loa\u0323i cu\u00f4\u0323c chi\u00ea\u0301n na\u0300y ma\u0300 kh\u00f4ng ca\u0309nh gia\u0301c chi\u0301nh mi\u0300nh va\u0300 kh\u00f4ng tra\u0300n \u0111\u00e2\u0300y lo\u0300ng tin t\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng va\u0300o Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a; nga\u0300i se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111\u00e2\u0309y lu\u0300i nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u01a1\u0300i nguy\u00ea\u0300n ru\u0309a cu\u0309a ma qui\u0309 b\u0103\u0300ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u01a1\u0300i khinh bi\u0309, nh\u01b0ng b\u0103\u0300ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng c\u01b0\u0309 chi\u0309 r\u00e2\u0301t khi\u00eam t\u00f4\u0301n, ki\u00ean nh\u00e2\u0303n, khoan dung va\u0300 nh\u00e2\u0303n nhu\u0323c; d\u00e2\u0300u cho s\u01b0\u0323 ch\u00f4\u0301ng c\u01b0\u0323 cu\u0309a ma qui\u0309 co\u0301 ma\u0303nh li\u00ea\u0323t \u0111\u00ea\u0301n \u0111\u00e2u, tuy\u00ea\u0323t nhi\u00ean nga\u0300i se\u0303 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u01a1\u0300 \u0111a\u0301nh m\u00e2\u0301t hi vo\u0323ng chi\u00ea\u0301n th\u0103\u0301ng. To\u0301m la\u0323i nga\u0300i \u0111\u01b0\u0300ng \u0111\u0103\u0323t ra m\u00f4\u0323t c\u00e2u ho\u0309i qua\u0301 to\u0300 mo\u0300 va\u0300 v\u00f4 i\u0301ch na\u0300o<\/em>\u201d.&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110i\u1ec3m th\u00fa v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba m\u00e0 con mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt si\u00eau nhi\u00ean: \u201c<em>Con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i co\u0301 hai cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng: cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng hi\u00ea\u0323n ta\u0323i \u01a1\u0309 \u0111\u01a1\u0300i na\u0300y va\u0300 cu\u00f4\u0323c s\u00f4\u0301ng kha\u0301c \u0111\u01a1\u0323i mi\u0300nh \u01a1\u0309 \u0111\u01a1\u0300i sau. T\u01b0\u0300 \u0111o\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean pha\u0301t sinh hai b\u00f4\u0323 lu\u00e2\u0323t c\u00e2\u0300n thi\u00ea\u0301t: lu\u00e2\u0323t t\u01b0\u0323 nhi\u00ean, co\u0301 ngu\u00f4\u0300n g\u00f4\u0301c t\u01b0\u0300 Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a, chi ph\u00f4\u0301i \u0111\u01a1\u0300i con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i \u01a1\u0309 d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i th\u00ea\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 khi\u00ea\u0301n ho\u0323 s\u00f4\u0301ng sao cho thi\u0301ch h\u01a1\u0323p va\u0300 ha\u0323nh phu\u0301c; r\u00f4\u0300i lu\u00e2\u0323t si\u00eau nhi\u00ean, co\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0323m vu\u0323 \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i va\u0300o \u0111\u01a1\u0300i sau \u0111\u00ea\u0309 h\u01b0\u01a1\u0309ng ha\u0323nh phu\u0301c ma\u0300 ho\u0323 kh\u00f4ng th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111a\u0323t t\u01a1\u0301i b\u0103\u0300ng s\u01b0\u0301c t\u01b0\u0323 nhi\u00ean<\/em>\u201d (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V, ti\u1ebft 3). C\u0169ng \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, ti\u1ebft 4, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00f3i t\u1edbi b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ng\u1eabu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<strong><em>Th\u01b0\u0301 nh\u00e2\u0301t<\/em><\/strong><em> la\u0300 s\u01b0\u0323 y\u00ea\u0301u \u0111u\u00f4\u0301i cu\u0309a \u0111\u00e2\u0300u o\u0301c con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i s\u00f4\u0301ng trong s\u01b0\u0323 thi\u00ea\u0301u hi\u00ea\u0309u bi\u00ea\u0301t v\u00ea\u0300 Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u0309 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng thoa\u0301t ra kho\u0309i v\u00e2\u0323t ch\u00e2\u0301t va\u0300 n\u00e2ng mi\u0300nh l\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0301n c\u00f4\u0323i ngu\u00f4\u0300n thi\u00eang li\u00eang cu\u0309a mo\u0323i s\u01b0\u0323. No\u0301 trao t\u0103\u0323ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng vinh quang tha\u0301nh thi\u00eang cho nh\u01b0\u0303ng thu\u0323 ta\u0323o ma\u0300 no\u0301 g\u0103\u0323p th\u00e2\u0301y m\u00f4\u0323t s\u01b0\u0323 xu\u00e2\u0301t s\u0103\u0301c na\u0300o \u0111o\u0301 ho\u0103\u0323c t\u01b0\u0300 chu\u0301ng pha\u0309i d\u00f4\u0323i la\u0323i m\u00f4\u0323t l\u01a1\u0323i i\u0301ch na\u0300o \u0111o\u0301.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Th\u01b0\u0301 hai<\/em><\/strong><em> la\u0300 tham vo\u0323ng cu\u0309a vua chu\u0301a. B\u0103\u0300ng ca\u0301ch d\u01b0\u0323ng t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng mi\u0300nh va\u0300 tr\u01b0ng ba\u0300y nh\u01b0\u0303ng th\u00e2\u0300n t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng v\u00f4 i\u0301ch, ho\u0323 t\u01b0\u0323 ga\u0301n m\u00f4\u0323t ca\u0301ch tra\u0301i phe\u0301p cho mi\u0300nh nh\u01b0\u0303ng vinh d\u01b0\u0323 th\u00e2\u0300n tha\u0301nh, nh\u01a1\u0300 va\u0300o s\u01b0\u0323 xu ni\u0323nh cu\u0309a tri\u00ea\u0300u th\u00e2\u0300n. \u2018Ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta cho r\u0103\u0300ng, tha\u0301nh Augustin no\u0301i, nh\u01b0\u0303ng vi\u0323 th\u00e2\u0300n tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c kia la\u0300 con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, va\u0300 ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i ta da\u0300nh cho m\u00f4\u0303i vi\u0323 nh\u01b0\u0303ng ve\u0309 tr\u00e2n tro\u0323ng ri\u00eang, tuy\u0300 theo ta\u0300i ca\u0301n, tho\u0301i quen, c\u01b0\u0309 chi\u0309 ho\u0103\u0323c nh\u01b0\u0303ng cu\u00f4\u0323c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u cu\u0309a m\u00f4\u0303i vi\u0323, tuy r\u0103\u0300ng ca\u0301c vi\u0323 \u00e2\u0301y co\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0323 th\u00e2\u0300n tha\u0301nh hoa\u0301 la\u0300 nh\u01a1\u0300 qua trung gian nh\u01b0\u0303ng tri\u00ea\u0300u th\u00e2\u0300n cu\u0309a mi\u0300nh. Va\u0300 vi\u00ea\u0323c t\u00f4n th\u01a1\u0300 na\u0300y, chi\u0301nh ho\u0323 \u0111a\u0303 gieo r\u0103\u0301c kh\u0103\u0301p n\u01a1i b\u0103\u0300ng ca\u0301ch le\u0301n ca\u0300i \u0111\u0103\u0323t va\u0300o nh\u01b0\u0303ng t\u00e2m h\u00f4\u0300n, gi\u00f4\u0301ng y nh\u01b0 ma qui\u0309, v\u00f4\u0301n lu\u00f4n khao kha\u0301t nh\u01b0\u0303ng quang ca\u0309nh v\u00f4 i\u0301ch. Ca\u0301c nha\u0300 th\u01a1 \u0111a\u0303 th\u00eam th\u0103\u0301t hoa hoe\u0300 va\u0300o \u0111\u00e2\u0301y b\u0103\u0300ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u01a1\u0300i no\u0301i d\u00f4\u0301i va\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300u o\u0301c l\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ga\u0323t la\u0323i th\u00eam va\u0300o \u0111\u00e2\u0301y m\u00f4\u0300i nh\u01b0\u0309 la\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u01a1\u0300i c\u00e2\u0300u xin\u2019 (De Civ. Dei, lib. 7, c. 18).<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Th\u01b0\u0301 ba<\/em><\/strong><em> la\u0300 ti\u0300nh y\u00eau qua\u0301 m\u01b0\u0301c, ho\u0103\u0323c thu\u00f4\u0323c v\u00ea\u0300 ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i cha ho\u0103\u0323c thu\u00f4\u0323c ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i con, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111\u00e2\u0309y l\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0301n m\u01b0\u0301c mu\u0300 qua\u0301ng. Sa\u0301ch Kh\u00f4n Ngoan no\u0301i v\u00ea\u0300 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u na\u0300y: \u2018M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n kh\u00f3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng con ch\u1ebft y\u1ec3u&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb s\u1edbm m\u1ea5t \u0111i; v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f4m qua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, h\u00f4m nay \u00f4ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n \u00f4ng bao \u0111i\u1ec1u huy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f9ng l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i. Ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng tr\u00f4i qua, th\u00f3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lu\u1eadt bu\u1ed9c. Theo l\u1ec7nh vua ch\u00faa truy\u1ec1n, ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n th\u1edd h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ed5\u2019 (Kn 14,15-16.)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Th\u01b0\u0301 t\u01b0<\/em><\/strong><em> va\u0300 la\u0300 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n chi\u0301nh la\u0300 tho\u0301i ranh ma\u0303nh cu\u0309a ma qui\u0309. Nh\u01b0\u0303ng con khi\u0309 cu\u0309a Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a, hay \u0111u\u0301ng h\u01a1n la\u0300 ke\u0309 thu\u0300 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4\u0323i tr\u01a1\u0300i chung v\u01a1\u0301i Ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, cu\u0303ng ghen t\u01b0\u0301c v\u01a1\u0301i ha\u0323nh phu\u0301c con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, chu\u0301ng xa\u0309o tra\u0301 thu\u0301c \u0111\u00e2\u0309y con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i, bi\u0323 l\u00f4i ke\u0301o b\u0103\u0300ng nh\u01b0\u0303ng l\u01a1\u0323i l\u00f4\u0323c v\u00e2\u0323t ch\u00e2\u0301t, xa la\u0301nh vi\u00ea\u0323c th\u01a1\u0300 ph\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng m\u00f4\u0323t Thi\u00ean Chu\u0301a v\u00f4 hi\u0300nh \u0111\u00ea\u0309 quay sang nh\u01b0\u0303ng ng\u00e2\u0303u t\u01b0\u01a1\u0323ng b\u00e2\u0301t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng, la\u0300 ch\u00f4\u0303 ho\u0323 ti\u0300m nh\u01b0\u0303ng gia\u0309i \u0111a\u0301p, nh\u01b0\u0303ng ti\u00ean \u0111oa\u0301n va\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0303ng xu\u0301i giu\u0323c cu\u0309a chu\u0301ng<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 con xin l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai<\/em>. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y mang gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u0129 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat t\u1ec9a ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ed9t trong hai g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Fran\u00e7ois Pallu. T\u1eeb v\u00e0i n\u0103m nay, con c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Con nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 s\u01a1 s\u00e0i v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu, con nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu kh\u00e1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi M\u00f4s\u00ea \u1edf hai \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25581\" src=\"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu2-878x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu2-878x1024.jpg 878w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu2-257x300.jpg 257w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu2-768x895.jpg 768w, https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Pallu2.jpg 1605w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Nh\u01b0 M\u00f4s\u00ea, \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f4n ba gian kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 n\u01a1i mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u01b0 M\u00f4s\u00ea, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0110\u1ea5t H\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c cha Pallu v\u1eabn m\u00e3i c\u00f2n dang d\u1edf. \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb xa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n T\u00f4ng t\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm. Nh\u1edd c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 hoa tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u1edbi g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cha \u00f4ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vun t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai.<\/em> N\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m 40 n\u0103m l\u1ec5 tuy\u00ean th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Con c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc mong l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o x\u1ee9, hay \u00edt ra l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u1ed7i gi\u00e1o h\u1ea1t, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n: nh\u1eefng c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi quan l\u1ea1i tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n &#8211; nh\u1eefng c\u1ed5 v\u1eadt, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i. Hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1ed1ng, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh trung th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng tin \u0111\u1eb7t n\u01a1i Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai.<\/em> L\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o cho \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c tin n\u01a1i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m cho l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng mang \u0111\u1eadm <em>linh \u0111\u1ea1o truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n <em>Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai <\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> B\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o s\u0129, <em>\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o linh m\u1ee5c, <\/em>(TP. HCM 2017), 53.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u00f3 t\u00ean <em>Intructiones ad munera apostolica obeunda, perutiles missionibus Chinae, Tunchini, Cochinchinae, atque Siami accomodatae a missionariis S. Congregationis de Propaganda Fide, Juthiae Regia Siam congregatis. <\/em>N\u0103m 1893, H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai Paris cho in b\u1ea3n v\u0103n v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi <em>Monita ad Missionarios S. Congregationis de Propaganda Fide, <\/em>t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi <em>Monita ad Missionarios <\/em>(Nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba sai).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> X. Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1 C\u1ea7n, <em>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. <\/em>T\u1eadp 1. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 2008<em>, <\/em>199-200.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> X. Fran\u00e7ois Pallu, <em>Relation abr\u00e9g\u00e9e des Missions et des voyages des Evesques fran\u00e7ois, envoyez aux Royaumes de la Chine, Cochinchine, Tonkin, &amp; Siam<\/em>, (Paris 1668), 9-13.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> X. Baudiment, L., <em>Fran\u00e7ois Pallu (1626-1684). <\/em>\u0110\u1ea5ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh H\u1ed9i Th\u1eeba sai h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i Paris, (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 2022), 230-231.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> X. Fran\u00e7ois Pallu, <em>s\u0111d<\/em>, 45.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Baudiment, L., <em>s\u0111d<\/em>, 235.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Th\u00e1nh Catarina Siena, <em>\u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, <\/em>(San Jose 2006), 192-307.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> L. N\u00e9ez, <em>Documents sur le clerg\u00e9 tonkinois<\/em>, (Paris 1925), 272-273.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> E. Hocquard, <em>Une campagne au Tonkin, <\/em>(Paris 1892), 234-236.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> Khuy\u1ebft danh, <em>T\u00edch truy\u1ec7n 22 \u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1eed v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o trong \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn T\u00e2y \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i<\/em>, (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 1951), 96.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thu\u1eadn, P.X., <em>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng hy v\u1ecdng<\/em>, \u201cThanh b\u1ea7n\u201d, s\u1ed1 416.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> <em>Annales de la propagation de la foi, recueil p\u00e9riodique<\/em>. Tome XV. N\u00b0 86.&nbsp; (Lyon 1843), 262-263.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> X. Baudiment, L., <em>s\u0111d<\/em>, 238.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican\u00f4 II (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a H\u0110GMVN), (TP. HCM 2012), 493.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> A. de Rhodes, <em>H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, <\/em>(TP. HCM 1994)<em>, <\/em>240.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng hu\u1ea5n cho linh m\u1ee5c \u0111o\u00e0n T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) Vinhs\u01a1n Tr\u1ea7n Minh Th\u1ef1c, PSS<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2154,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,32,25,33,46,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25576","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linh-muc","category-nhan-ban","category-on-goi","category-tam-linh","category-truyen-giao","category-viet-nam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25576","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25576"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25576\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25582,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25576\/revisions\/25582"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25576"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25576"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25576"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}