{"id":26705,"date":"2023-10-09T17:15:38","date_gmt":"2023-10-09T10:15:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=26705"},"modified":"2023-10-09T17:17:58","modified_gmt":"2023-10-09T10:17:58","slug":"thuong-hoi-dong-quyen-toi-thuong-cua-duc-giao-hoang-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/thuong-hoi-dong-quyen-toi-thuong-cua-duc-giao-hoang-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"TH\u01af\u1ee2NG H\u1ed8I \u0110\u1ed2NG : QUY\u1ec0N T\u1ed0I TH\u01af\u1ee2NG C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ee8C GI\u00c1O HO\u00c0NG L\u00c0 G\u00cc ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c H\u1ed3ng y b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi khai m\u1ea1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm gi\u1eef \u201cquy\u1ec1n <\/em>b\u00ednh<\/em> t\u1ed1i cao<\/em>\u201d v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7p h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

+ <\/strong>Th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u201cquy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng\u201d b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cquy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a R\u00f4ma\u201d hay \u201cquy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00ear\u00f4\u201d. N\u00f3 \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, trong c\u00e1c Tin M\u1eebng v\u00e0 S\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3, Simon, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00ear\u00f4, chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong s\u1ed1 12 T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3. Khi li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Th\u00e1nh s\u1eed Matth\u00eau (10,2) cho bi\u1ebft: \u201c\u0110<\/em>\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Simon, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00ear\u00f4<\/em>\u201d. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu ch\u1ec9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1edbi \u00f4ng: \u201cAnh l\u00e0 Ph\u00ear\u00f4, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 T\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00e1, tr\u00ean t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y, Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd x\u00e2y H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eed th\u1ea7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i.<\/em> \u00bb (Mt 16,18). \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 tha th\u1ee9 sau khi b\u1ecb \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng \u201cc\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1\u201d anh em m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i R\u00f4ma m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 th\u00e0nh Tars\u00f4. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 R\u00f4ma tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh T\u00f4ng T\u00f2a duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Gi\u00earusalem, Antokia, Alexandria v\u00e0 Constantinople. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c R\u00f4ma \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t th\u1eeba t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 3 v\u00e0 trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 5), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung gian v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 n<\/strong>h\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t ?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11, v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch do \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 VII (1073-1085) th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, R\u00f4ma kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb n\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt, tu s\u0129 D\u00f2ng T\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Klaus Schatz, chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch (1).<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang d\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb l\u00f4gic quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n sang l\u00f4gic gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, Thibault Joubert, gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean khoa th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Strasbourg, cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam. \u201c\u0110\u1ee9c Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 VII n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 \u201c<\/em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecdi quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh\u201d, n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n t\u1ed1i cao: ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe v\u00e0 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t m\u1ecdi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh. Hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m ng\u00e0i, \u0110\u1ee9c Inn\u00f4cent\u00ea III, l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i: \u201c<\/em>T\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t sinh\u201d. Ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ra lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfm nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 h\u01a1n<\/em>. \u00bb<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ngai t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Gr\u00eag\u00f4ri\u00f4 XVI (1831-1846) v\u00e0 Pi\u00f4 IX (1846-1878) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u00e1n nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cl\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5\u201d: t\u1ef1 do l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, t\u1ef1 do t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do quan \u0111i\u1ec3m; ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy l\u00fd, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh Kinh \u2026<\/p>\n

+ \u201c\u01a0n b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a R\u00f4ma s\u1ebd l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican I (1869-1870), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng. Hugues Portelli, tr\u01b0\u1edfng khoa khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Paris (1), l\u01b0u \u00fd: \u201cTrong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tinh th\u1ea7n<\/em>\u201d. C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican I kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u201cquy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u00eang li\u00eang v\u00e0 th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi \u201cngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u00e2ng ph\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1<\/em>\u201d, C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 th\u00eam, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n trong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. Hugues Portelli nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a R\u00f4ma \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch \u201ccho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/em>\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1eefa, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y duy m\u00ecnh ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

+ Ng\u00e0y nay, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, nh\u1edd suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebft, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c R\u00f4ma, theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 primus inter pares<\/em>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngang h\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn T\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1ee5 R\u00f4ma c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 danh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c T\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong \u201ct\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Ravenna\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o k\u00fd n\u0103m 2007. Klaus Schatz ph\u00e2n t\u00edch: \u201cGi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Vatican I, nh\u01b0ng Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111a nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Tin l\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u201ctrung t\u00e2m hay bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/em>\u201d nh\u01b0ng \u201ch\u1ecd ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9c v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 Tin M\u1eebng mong mu\u1ed1n<\/em>\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, vai tr\u00f2 m\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu g\u00e1n cho th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ch\u00ednh th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II (1962-1965), \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, trong c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i t\u1edbi R\u00f4ma (ad limina<\/em>) v\u00e0 qua vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, Amazon, gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, gia \u0111\u00ecnh… Hugues Portelli t\u00f3m t\u1eaft : \u201cT\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Vatican I n\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ho\u00e0n v\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh trong v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o so v\u1edbi di s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00ednh t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u, s\u1ef1 cai qu\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, v\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. Gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4; n\u0103m 2014, ng\u00e0i t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o \u201c15 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh<\/em>\u201d c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o tri\u1ec1u: kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ef1 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, \u201cs\u1ef1 chai \u0111\u00e1\u201d tinh th\u1ea7n, quan li\u00eau, ganh \u0111ua, h\u01b0 danh, n\u00f3i x\u1ea5u\u2026.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a gi\u00e1o s\u0129 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0i m\u1edf ra c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c: c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Klaus Schatz nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i : \u201cNgay trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb Lat\u00earan\u00f4 IV (1215), c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ecd th\u00ec c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c: c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c, ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, trong d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn t\u00f4ng du, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n X c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Twitter, c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 50 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd).<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang ta suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u201cs\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/em>\u201d m\u1edbi gi\u1eefa \u201cD\u00e2n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c R\u00f4ma \u2013 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd<\/em>\u201d (s\u1ed1 62).<\/p>\n

—————————————————————————————<\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cTrong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng: ch\u00ednh th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u0169ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ct\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n\u201d (Lc 5, 8). Th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng, ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n mang kho t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 (2 Cr 4,7), xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian: nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/em> \u00bb<\/p>\n

Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb La Primaut\u00e9 du successeur de Pierre dans le myst\u00e8re de l\u2019\u00c9glise<\/em> (Quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng k\u1ebf v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 trong m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/em>, s\u1ed1 15), do \u0110\u1ee9c H\u1ed3ng y Joseph Ratzinger ( \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai) k\u00fd. B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c tin, ng\u00e0y 30\/10\/1998.<\/p>\n

———————————————————————–<\/p>\n

 (1) <\/em>\u201cLe pouvoir du pape et ses limites<\/em>\u201d ( <\/em>\u201cQuy\u1ec1n b\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 <\/em>\u201d) <\/em>, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Pouvoirs, s\u1ed1<\/em> 162, n\u0103m <\/em>2017.<\/p>\n

————————————-<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh<\/p>\n

(theo Gilles Donada, nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o La Croix<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c H\u1ed3ng y b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf m\u1ed1i quan ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi khai m\u1ea1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26669,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,48],"tags":[137,167],"class_list":["post-26705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-gioi","category-ty-linh","tag-phanxico-i","tag-synode"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26705","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26705"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26709,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26705\/revisions\/26709"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}