{"id":29201,"date":"2024-03-30T15:05:38","date_gmt":"2024-03-30T08:05:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=29201"},"modified":"2024-03-30T15:05:38","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T08:05:38","slug":"emmanuel-falque-trong-su-phuc-sinh-chung-ta-se-tron-ven-la-chinh-minh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/emmanuel-falque-trong-su-phuc-sinh-chung-ta-se-tron-ven-la-chinh-minh\/","title":{"rendered":"EMMANUEL FALQUE: \u201cTRONG S\u1ef0 PH\u1ee4C SINH, CH\u00daNG TA S\u1ebc TR\u1eccN V\u1eb8N L\u00c0 CH\u00cdNH M\u00ccNH\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, La Chair de Dieu<\/em>, tri\u1ebft gia Emmanuel Falque b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c sinh trong th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y Tam Nh\u1eadt V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ed1ng \u00e2m ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

La Croix<\/strong>:<\/strong> V\u00e0o l\u1ec5 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh, c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m <\/em>bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/em> ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. Kinh Tin K\u00ednh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cs\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c\u201d. T\u1ea1i sao t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c: Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e2n x\u00e1c trong s\u1ef1 Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ban th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u00ecnh trong B\u00ed t\u00edch Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ec3, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i trong th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh… B\u1ee9c tranh c\u1ee7a Caravaggio, S\u1ef1 ho\u00e0i nghi c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Thomas<\/em> (1) , cho th\u1ea5y th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t x\u00e1c th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ph\u1ee5c sinh. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu m\u1edf \u00e1o ra v\u00e0 c\u1ea7m tay T\u00f4ma \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: \u201cL\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/em> \u00bb Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t trong l\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7. H\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd: \u201c\u0110\u1eebng s\u1ee3, <\/em>ma \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 anh em th\u1ea5y Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y<\/em>. Ch\u00ednh Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0\u201d<\/em> (Lc 24, 39).<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n ra \u201cb\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi” (“ch\u00ednh Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0”) ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt th\u1eadt (“ma \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 anh em th\u1ea5y Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y<\/em> “).<\/p>\n

La Croix:<\/strong> Nh\u01b0ng \u201cth\u00e2n x\u00e1c th\u1eadt\u201d xuy\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> C\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cth\u00e2n x\u00e1c th\u1eadt\u201d c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 n\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cth\u00e2n x\u00e1c th\u1eadt\u201d c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Nh\u1eadp Th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh: tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tin r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu c\u00f3 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u1ea3o th\u00e2n thuy\u1ebft, th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0o, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma Aquin\u00f4, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c sinh v\u1edbi d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 quan sinh d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. Tho\u1ea1t nh\u00ecn, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa: ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi \u201ckinh nghi\u1ec7m\u201d v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cx\u00e1c th\u1ecbt\u201d trong tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c trong t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eefa. V\u00ec thi\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3, n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c sinh.<\/p>\n

La Croix:<\/strong> V\u1eady ng\u00e0y nay ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> Ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 (corps sujet) ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng (corps v\u00e9cu). Trong khi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 th\u00e0nh th\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (corps objet) ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (corps \u00e9tendu). \u201cTh\u00e2n x\u00e1c du\u1ed7i ra\u201d (corps \u00e9pandu ) \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 ph\u1ee5c sinh \u201cb\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n hay ma, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cth\u00e2n x\u00e1c th\u1eadt\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c sinh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

La Croix:<\/strong> Trong Tam Nh\u1eadt V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh. T\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y Ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng \u00e2m ph\u1ee7 (enfers)?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thinh l\u1eb7ng, c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t. \u00c2m ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t (ab-sens) n\u00e0y, c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a (non-sens) trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a \u201cs\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/em>\u201d (2).<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng \u00e2m ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u00c2m ph\u1ee7, inferos<\/em>, \u201cb\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi\u201d trong ti\u1ebfng Latinh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c (Enfer, inferna<\/em>). \u00c2m ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Sheol<\/em> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i hay Had\u00e8s<\/em> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p, n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft. Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta trong nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng ch\u00fang ta l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, n\u01a1i c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y. N\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. Trong \u00e2m ph\u1ee7, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, b\u1ecb m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. V\u00e0o Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh, Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean n\u1eefa. S\u01a1 Marie-Aim\u00e9e Manchon \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang : \u201cC\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f2n t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai<\/em>\u201d (3).<\/p>\n

La Croix:<\/span><\/strong> \u00d4ng \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o ?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> T\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u201cngo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y d\u1eef d\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ebft ng\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00f4i n\u1eefa v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chia ly, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng \u201cch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 \u201ct\u1ea1o n\u00ean\u201d ch\u00fang ta su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd mang d\u1ea5u t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng ch\u00fang n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

La Croix:<\/strong> Th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 trong ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh g\u00ec?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> V\u00e0o Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh, Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 xu\u1ed1ng \u00e2m ph\u1ee7 v\u1edbi linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n \u1edf \u00c2m ph\u1ee7. Th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, ngay c\u1ea3 khi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1t b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u00e1t b\u1ee5i. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

La Croix:<\/strong> Linh h\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> Ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 linh h\u1ed3n n\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c ai \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eefa l\u00fac ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00fac s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i sau c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u00e0 Kinh Tin K\u00ednh kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ea1o C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang ta tin v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o cho r\u1eb1ng linh h\u1ed3n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau khi ch\u1ebft. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch sai l\u1ea7m, v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y nay c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 linh h\u1ed3n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma Aquin\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 suy ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi ng\u00e0i khi \u0111\u1ecdc Aristote.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Aristote, c\u00f3 ba c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 linh h\u1ed3n: linh h\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ea3n), linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c (c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng) v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (suy ngh\u0129). Khi ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ebft, th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma Aquin\u00f4 s\u1ebd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i linh h\u1ed3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef trong n\u00f3 m\u1ecdi d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c, linh h\u1ed3n v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u201cm\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft\u201d v\u1edbi n\u00f3. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1. C\u00e1c th\u00e1nh \u1edf v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Linh h\u1ed3n \u1edf c\u00f9ng Ch\u00faa trong khi ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec ch\u01b0a tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n

La Croix:<\/strong> L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c?<\/em><\/p>\n

Emmanuel Falque:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4: \u201cNh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd n\u00f3i: k\u1ebb ch\u1ebft tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? H\u1ecd l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1?<\/em> \u00bb (1 Cr 15, 35).<\/p>\n

S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (\u00a7 999). Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch n\u00f3 sang ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c (sinh h\u1ecdc) v\u1edbi x\u00e1c th\u1ecbt (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng): th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh kh\u00f4ng m\u1edf ra ph\u00eda b\u1ea5t t\u1eed phi hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

————————————-<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(1) B\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1603 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Ph\u1ea3n C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Sanssouci \u1edf Potsdam (\u0110\u1ee9c).
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

(2) Pseudo-\u00c9piphane, \u00ab B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng cho ng\u00e0y Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 L\u1ec5 Ph\u1ee5c Sinh<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n

(3) Alentour du verset<\/em>, Ad Solem, 2019.<\/p>\n

—————————<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 Emmanuel Falque :<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

7 \/11\/ 1963. <\/strong>Sinh (Neuilly-sur-Seine).<\/p>\n

4 \/4\/1980 (Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh).<\/strong> Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Assidi. Ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a linh \u0111\u1ea1o Phanxic\u00f4.<\/p>\n

13 \/7\/ 1985.<\/strong> K\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc Sabine Fos-Falque. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhau b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ee9a con.<\/p>\n

1988<\/strong>. Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

1989-2001. <\/strong>Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Chemin-Neuf. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a linh \u0111\u1ea1o Inhaxi\u00f4 .<\/p>\n

1993<\/strong>. Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc (Centre S\u00e8vres).<\/p>\n

1994<\/strong>. Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc (Paris IV-Sorbonne).<\/p>\n

1995. <\/strong>Gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Paris v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n Orl\u00e9ans.<\/p>\n

2009-2015.<\/strong> Khoa tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n khoa tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Paris.<\/p>\n

2013.<\/strong> Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Passer le Rubicon, philosophie et th\u00e9ologie : nouvelles fronti\u00e8res<\/em>.<\/p>\n

2014-2021. <\/strong>C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc (nh\u01b0 Le Combat amoureux, \u00c9thique du corps \u00e9pandu <\/em>et Hors ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne<\/em>).<\/p>\n

2015.<\/strong> Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o (INPR), m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 b\u00ean kia \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

2022-2023. <\/strong>Ch\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0  \u00c9tienne Gilson \u1edf H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Paris.<\/p>\n

——————————————-<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/p>\n

(ngu\u1ed3n : nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o La Croix<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, La Chair de Dieu, tri\u1ebft gia Emmanuel Falque b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29203,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,8,48],"tags":[138],"class_list":["post-29201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tam-linh","category-the-gioi","category-ty-linh","tag-phuc-sinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29201"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29205,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29201\/revisions\/29205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29203"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}