{"id":29673,"date":"2024-04-16T22:47:43","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T15:47:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=29673"},"modified":"2024-04-18T13:34:38","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T06:34:38","slug":"tuyen-ngon-dignitas-infinita-ve-pham-gia-con-nguoi-phan-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/tuyen-ngon-dignitas-infinita-ve-pham-gia-con-nguoi-phan-4\/","title":{"rendered":"TUY\u00caN NG\u00d4N DIGNITAS INFINITA V\u1ec0 PH\u1ea8M GI\u00c1 CON NG\u01af\u1edcI: PH\u1ea6N 4"},"content":{"rendered":"

4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m<\/strong><\/p>\n

33. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3. Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady theo tinh th\u1ea7n Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cM\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1eafm, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd sinh ra ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.\u201d[52] M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 ra cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi gia t\u0103ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

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34. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong nhi\u1ec1u vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cb\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng, ph\u00e1 thai, an t\u1eed v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 c\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u0169ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u201cb\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft x\u1ebbo, tra t\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c tinh th\u1ea7n, nh\u1eefng \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd\u201d.[54] V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, b\u1ecf t\u00f9 t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n, l\u01b0u \u0111\u00e0y, n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, m\u1ea1i d\u00e2m, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 thanh ni\u00ean; ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd\u201d.[55] Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y[56]: \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng vi ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cvi\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u00ean t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t, th\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i n\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chia s\u1ebb h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u00f4i b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia c\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta.\u201d[57] C\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ecf t\u00f9, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tra t\u1ea5n g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

35. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t mang t\u00ednh th\u1eddi s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5<\/em><\/p>\n

36. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0 th\u00e1nh Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 ra, \u201cm\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu nhi\u1ec1u, trong khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1ed1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e0nh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d[58] V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa \u201cc\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o\u201d: Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111\u00edct\u00f4 XVI \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cx\u00e9t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng l\u1ea1i \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng. \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i m\u1edbi \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. \u1ede nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i phi nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. \u201cTai ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9\u201d v\u1eabn c\u00f2n\u201d [59] trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn hai l\u1ea7n, v\u1eeba do thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eeba do s\u1ef1 th\u1edd \u01a1 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

37. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cs\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng; v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, x\u1ea3y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u201cngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n\u201d. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed t\u1eeb th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.\u201d[60] K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 lan r\u1ed9ng \u201ctheo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5.\u201d[61] Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u201ct\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c\u201d,[62] ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 n\u00e0o t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d.[63] N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u00edt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u1ed1n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, \u1edf nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn tranh<\/em><\/p>\n

38. M\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh, ng\u00e0y nay c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i: \u201cC\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, b\u00e1ch h\u1ea1i v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m [\u2026] \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c mang nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 ba ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh\u201d\u201d.[64] V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn k\u00e8m theo, chi\u1ebfn tranh g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n: \u201cTrong khi t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cth\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i r\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft khi ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bcon m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 thi\u00eang li\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng theo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 chung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta; v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi b\u1ecf qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t, t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0y sang l\u00fac kh\u00e1c, m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00f4i khi trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. \u201d[65] T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\u201d.[66] \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, n\u01a1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i ch\u1ebft b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

39. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao, ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y nay, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khi l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 VI: \u201c\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u1eefa!\u201d \u00bb,[67] v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II, \u201cv\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e2n danh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n danh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi: \u0111\u1eebng gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi! \u0110\u1eebng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi! H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o! H\u00e3y t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi! \u201d.[68] \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng \u201cch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y nay r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i \u1edf th\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u201ccu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u1eefa! \u201d.[69] V\u00ec nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, n\u00ean \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi l\u00f4gic v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh\u201d.[70] M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfn tranh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn: \u201cAi k\u00eau c\u1ea7u danh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1, b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111i tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i: chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n danh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o\u201d.[71]<\/p>\n

Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0<\/em><\/p>\n

40. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5. Ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd,[72] nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.[73] H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp h\u1ecd, \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai kh\u00e1c. [\u2026] Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n, k\u00e9m quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, k\u00e9m nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh h\u01a1n\u201d.[74] Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eadt c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng \u201cm\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh\u201d [75] \u0110\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp h\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u201cph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, m\u00e0u da hay t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o\u201d [76]<\/p>\n

Bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em><\/p>\n

41. Vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m.[77]. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 mang nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch bi th\u1ea3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd: \u201cT\u00f4i t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u201cvi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e8n h\u1ea1, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ed1n coi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 v\u0103n minh! Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u1ea5n l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa! Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, trong s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ed7i ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p bi\u1ebft bao! Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n, c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n.\u201d[78]<\/p>\n

42. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cbu\u00f4n b\u00e1n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khai th\u00e1c t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb em, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u2013 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1i d\u00e2m \u2013, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ma t\u00fay v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh m\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang hy sinh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh m\u1ecdi c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy danh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng xoa d\u1ecbu l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tai h\u1ecda n\u00e0y.\u201d[79] \u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 h\u01a1n r\u1eb1ng \u201cvi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i \u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u201d [80]. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t theo hai c\u00e1ch: \u201cVi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n.\u201d[81]<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c<\/em><\/p>\n

43. Ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 s\u00e2u xa g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft s\u1eb9o s\u00e2u xa trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u00f3: Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0103n n\u0103n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y lan r\u1ed9ng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i.\u201d[82] T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/em><\/p>\n

44. B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1eef gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 b\u00ea b\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. Trong khi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1eef gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, th\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa n\u1eef gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 nam gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cvi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f2n l\u00e2u m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng n\u1eef gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 nam gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, \u201cngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u00edt c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\u201d[83]<\/p>\n

45. Th\u00e1nh Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cc\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u<\/em> v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5ng cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 nhau, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u0111ang \u0111i l\u00e0m, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng trong th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng trong quy\u1ec1n gia \u0111\u00ecnh, s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.\u201d[84] Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00ean \u00e1n c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c<\/em> th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Nh\u00e2n danh s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a hoan l\u1ea1c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 h\u00e1m l\u1ee3i \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9ng, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c b\u00e9 g\u00e1i ngay t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf r\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a.\u201d[85] Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, l\u00e0m sao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1 thai, v\u1ed1n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con, r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n th\u00f3i \u00edch k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng? V\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111a th\u00ea \u2013 nh\u01b0 S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/em> nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u2013 v\u1ed1n tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 c\u0169ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u201ct\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu\u201d? [86]<\/p>\n

46. Trong ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1eef gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i n\u1eef gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u00e1n \u0111\u1ee7. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf: \u201cT\u00ecnh y\u00eau d\u00e0nh cho \u0110\u1ee9c Maria ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f4 ch\u00fang ta. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n im l\u1eb7ng, h\u1ecd gi\u00fap cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng. C\u1ea3m \u01a1n ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. [\u2026] Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi anh ch\u1ecb em h\u00e3y chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tai h\u1ecda \u0111ang \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta: v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c b\u1ecb che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb1ng sau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u00f4i m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi anh ch\u1ecb em \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5 n\u00e0y, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a b\u00e1c b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c.\u201d[87]<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1 thai<\/em><\/p>\n

47. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng \u201cph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 thai cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ebft t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t\u201d.[88] D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 thai. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, th\u00e1nh Gioan-Phaol\u00f4 II vi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 thai c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00ean \u00e1n. [\u2026] Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay, trong l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean lu m\u1edd. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ph\u00e1 thai trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, trong phong t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 trong ch\u00ednh lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, v\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 khi quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c can \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00fang t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/em> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 cho nh\u1eefng th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i ho\u1eb7c cho c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, l\u1eddi khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 vang l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t: \u201cKh\u1ed1n thay nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ea3o c\u00e1i t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u, c\u00e1i x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ng, s\u00e1ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i\u201d (Is 5, 20). Ch\u00ednh trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1 thai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u201cch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t thai k\u1ef3\u201d, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng che gi\u1ea5u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n m\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c: ph\u00e1 thai, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa l\u00fac th\u1ee5 thai v\u00e0 khi sinh ra<\/em>\u201d[89] ]. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ch\u01b0a sinh ra l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mu\u1ed1n, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d [90] Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, r\u1eb1ng \u201cvi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a sinh ra n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ec1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n th\u00e1nh thi\u00eang v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m, trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, v\u1ed1n s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u1edf th\u00edch t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00fd tr\u00ed th\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn n\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9c tin, th\u00ec \u201cb\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d [91]. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ghi nh\u1edb s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 can \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh T\u00ear\u00easa Calcutta trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 thai.<\/p>\n

Mang thai h\u1ed9<\/em><\/p>\n

48. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh mang thai h\u1ed9, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1, l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 th\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: \u201cCon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a thai nhi trong b\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf hay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mang thai h\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. N\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd cam k\u1ebft ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.\u201d[92]<\/p>\n

49. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh mang thai h\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 thai, sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean th\u00e0nh trai hay g\u00e1i, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, trong m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n, nh\u1edd ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 phi nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u1ed1n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi trao t\u1eb7ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn n\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb c\u0169ng bao h\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong m\u1ecdi chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 con kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201cquy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 con\u201d v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng [93].<\/p>\n

50. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1eb9 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecbu theo n\u00f3. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef t\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111ang l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 cho l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c ham mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u00ec ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

An t\u1eed v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eed<\/em><\/p>\n

51. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u . N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn n\u00e0y, r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 an t\u1eed. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng an t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee3 t\u1eed \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebft v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1\u201d (\u201cdeath with dignity acts<\/em>\u201d). \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho r\u1eb1ng an t\u1eed ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee3 t\u1eed l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd r\u1eb1ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t \u0111i ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nhau v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

52. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nguy k\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1m ri\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o. S\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u201cb\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n: nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, gi\u1ea3m \u0111au, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n\u201d.[94] Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft li\u1ec5u m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5. S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ngay c\u1ea3 trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, v\u1eabn mang m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3 th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p: \u201cS\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi: vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh\u201d.[95] V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ngay c\u1ea3 khi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd: \u201cCh\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng hay khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 t\u1eed n\u00e0o. T\u00f4i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u01b0u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho. V\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc lu\u00e2n l\u00fd n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu hay c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu.\u201d[96] Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, d\u00f9 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i hay \u0111au kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ec1u bao h\u00e0m ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea1t b\u1ecf ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt<\/em><\/p>\n

53. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i nh\u1ea5t. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf \u0111ang chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf.[97] \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u1edf trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, [98] c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt Tin M\u1eebng, \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0m \u00fd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ecb g\u1ea1t ra ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ecf\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 mong manh ho\u1eb7c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.[99]<\/p>\n

54. \u1ede m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng \u201cb\u00e1c \u00e1i, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e8n m\u1ecdn nh\u1ea5t, \u00e2m th\u1ea7m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. [\u2026] \u201cCh\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh duy ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a v\u1ed1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u2018n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf\u2019 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. [\u2026 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y] c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u1edf trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 b\u00ean l\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u cho h\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1\u201d. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u201cm\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb.\u201d [100]<\/p>\n

L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/p>\n

55. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i mong mu\u1ed1n \u201ct\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng trong ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u201cb\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng n\u00e0o\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o\u201d.[101] \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0, \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9, tra t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

56. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng (gender<\/em>). V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng \u201ccon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n<\/em>, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eeba k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 75 n\u0103m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, nh\u1eefng m\u01b0u toan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n quan tr\u1ecdng so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m, v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec n\u00f3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong tham v\u1ecdng l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.\u201d [102]<\/p>\n

57. Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 t\u00ednh v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n. Mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft, theo \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n hu\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1n c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 coi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi v\u1ecb Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tin M\u1eebng m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i cho ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

58. Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 n\u00f3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t: n\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n, trong c\u1eb7p nam n\u1eef, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

59. Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi do l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0a ra. \u00dd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u201ccho ph\u00e9p h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u201d.[103] Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u201cm\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng duy nh\u1ea5t, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb em. C\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng \u201cgi\u1edbi t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc (sex<\/em>) v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 v\u0103n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh (gender<\/em>) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi\u201d [104] V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi m\u01b0u toan nh\u1eb1m che gi\u1ea5u vi\u1ec7c quy chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf gi\u1eefa nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf: \u201cCh\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t nam gi\u1edbi kh\u1ecfi n\u1eef gi\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh do Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng, v\u1ed1n \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sinh h\u1ecdc r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng\u201d.[105] Ch\u1ec9 khi m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y trong t\u00ednh h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh<\/em><\/p>\n

60. Ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m h\u01a1n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb. S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/em> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u00e2n x\u00e1c<\/em> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u201ch\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u201d.\u201d[106] M\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1edb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, v\u00e0 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c l\u00e0 n\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 qua m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, linh h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y.[107] V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n x\u00e1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.[108] Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i th\u00e2n x\u00e1c m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh qua th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh ra nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng \u201cc\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.\u201d[109] K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh n\u00e0o, theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111e d\u1ecda ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee5 thai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh d\u1ee5c v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 \u200b\u200br\u00e0ng khi sinh ra ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh theo ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/em><\/p>\n

61. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 khai th\u00e1c, lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i xa \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 xem, th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn danh th\u01a1m ti\u1ebfng t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua tin t\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi vu kh\u1ed1ng. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng \u201cvi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay qua m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u201cth\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c, thao t\u00fang, khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c \u0111oan l\u00e0 web \u0111en<\/em>. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c, c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean v\u1ecb \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9ng qua m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em>, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh vi b\u1eaft n\u1ea1t tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng; trang web c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i dung khi\u00eau d\u00e2m v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng qua c\u1edd b\u1ea1c.\u201d[110] B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 li\u00ean v\u1ecb: \u201cTrong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mu\u1ed1n ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn l\u00f9ng s\u1ee5c, v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u1ea9n danh. S\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tan v\u1ee1, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4i g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf, ph\u1edbt l\u1edd v\u00e0 gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i\u201d. [111] Nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

62. Trong vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i n\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh thay v\u00ec b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, th\u00ec c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y trong s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec7n : \u201cTrong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a n\u00e0y, \u201cc\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y g\u1ea7n g\u0169i nhau h\u01a1n; gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ecnh li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n [cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u2026] C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay, khi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, internet c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u00e0 li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 t\u1eeb Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean l\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng \u00edch\u201d. [112]<\/p>\n

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…<\/p>\n

————————————–<\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/p>\n

(ngu\u1ed3n: vatican.va<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m 33. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29440,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[112,36,31,32,107,33,8,48,43,97],"tags":[56,96,137],"class_list":["post-29673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoc-thuyet-xa-hoi","category-lm-vo-xuan-tien","category-luan-ly","category-nhan-ban","category-phai-tinh","category-tam-linh","category-the-gioi","category-ty-linh","category-van-kien-giao-hoi","category-dao-duc-sinh-hoc","tag-benedicto-xvi","tag-nhan-pham","tag-phanxico-i"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29673"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29673\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29718,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29673\/revisions\/29718"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}