Lm. James W. Kinn<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e2u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t trong Kinh Th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng nam n\u1eef trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 g\u1edfi t\u00edn h\u1eefu Gal\u00e1t: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n chuy\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Do Th\u00e1i hay Hy L\u1ea1p, n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 hay t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0; nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 anh em ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4<\/em>.\u201d \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e9p r\u1eeda trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 mang l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1edbi m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nam n\u1eef b\u1ecb x\u00f3a b\u1ecf; ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/em><\/strong> v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4.<\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3n, Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/em><\/strong> ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong c\u00e1c th\u01b0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c\u00a0 (1 Cr 14,34-35) m\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 (Ep 5,22-24; Cl 3,18) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1ea1o danh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u00e1n cho ng\u00e0i (1 Tm 2,11-15), Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 khuy\u00ean ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef hay c\u00e1c b\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u201clu\u1eadt gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Roma v\u00e0 Hy L\u1ea1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa hai quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4. Ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn n\u00e0y? C\u00e1c ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i Kinh Th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u00e0y? \u0110\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 xem nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n khuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd hay chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu Kinh Th\u00e1nh l\u00e0 l\u1eddi linh h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef?<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Kinh Th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u0103m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>\n 1. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4<\/em>. V\u00e0i h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Kinh Th\u00e1nh \u00a0n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4<\/em><\/strong> v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00fang khi l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 Cr th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Phaol\u00f4 th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y (1 Cr 14,34-35) d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng \u201cph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m thinh trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u2026 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh L\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt d\u1ea1y\u201d kh\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 Tm 2,11-15: \u201cKhi nghe l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7, \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i thinh l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng \u2026 T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, hay th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng.\u201d Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi quy t\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng\u00a0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Phaol\u00f4 nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c quy \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/em><\/strong> v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n 2. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/em>. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. V\u00e0i s\u00e1ch b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/em><\/strong> nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i n\u00e0y ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c thay b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang ra kh\u1ecfi Kinh Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>\n 3. Nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy La<\/em>. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t theo ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o 4 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Kinh Th\u00e1nh nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu th\u1ee9c chung:<\/p>\n 1 Cr 14,34-35: \u201cPh\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m thinh trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp \u2026 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng\u2026<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n 1 Tm 2,11-15: \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, hay th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng <\/em>\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n Ep 5,22-24: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u1ee3 h\u00e3y t\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c Ch\u00faa. V\u00ec ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3<\/em>\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n Cl 3,18: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u1ee3 h\u00e3y ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng ch\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n Quy t\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy La \u1edf chung quanh v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y rabbi v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 Xenophon, Aristotle, Josephus, Philo v\u00e0 Juvenal. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Do Th\u00e1i, Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 Roma \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh lu\u1eadt gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/em><\/strong>. Khi Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n danh ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc cho v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft theo th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt gia \u0111\u00ecnh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Kinh Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng cho l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n 4. C\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Kinh Th\u00e1nh<\/em>. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu \u0111i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh khi cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 Tm ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/em><\/strong> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 to\u00e0n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n 1 Tm 2,8-15 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u \u201cV\u1eady t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n r\u1eb1ng<\/em> \u2026\u201d (1 Tm 2,8). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 n\u00e0o v\u00e0o Tin M\u1eebng nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu \u0111i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn, g\u00e2y tai h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00e1p ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>\n 5. \u201cT\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd Kinh Th\u00e1nh<\/em>\u201d. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 trong T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc. T\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng Kinh Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh h\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc hay l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Kinh Th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 khoa h\u1ecdc hay c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi Ch\u00faa; v\u00e0i c\u00e2u n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Vatican II ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng trong Kinh Th\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t<\/em><\/strong> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, Kinh Th\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong Kinh Th\u00e1nh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u01a1n c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta: \u201cC\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Kinh Th\u00e1nh d\u1ea1y ta c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, trung th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd m\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n Th\u00e1nh Kinh ghi l\u1ea1i \u201c\u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta<\/em><\/strong>\u201d (Dei Verbum<\/em> 3, 11). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u01a1n c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Kinh Th\u00e1nh Raymond Brown gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201c[nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n nay] ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn linh h\u1ee9ng \u2026 nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111i nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2026 Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 hai, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f3a b\u1edfi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n quan mang t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3\u201d (An Introduction to the New Testament<\/em>, Doubleday 1997). Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eabn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy t\u1eafc t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 song c\u0169ng ch\u1eeba ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu cho \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0Trong n\u0103m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m l\u00e0 th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 n\u00f3i l\u00ean quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy La c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i; Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch quy chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 Vatican II, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh h\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta tin.<\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 n\u0103m c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n Kinh Th\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0m n\u00ean Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n Kinh Th\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cho s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ki\u1ec3u gia tr\u01b0\u1edfng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa cho s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 sai tr\u00e1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 (Corpus Paulinum) c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft 2 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: (1) \u201c\u2026 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nam hay n\u1eef; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4<\/em>.\u201d Nh\u1edd b\u00ed t\u00edch r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/em><\/strong> v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 nhau trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. (2) V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 \u00a0Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong> c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Do Th\u00e1i, Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 Roma r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u1ea5y. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh h\u1ee9ng. L\u00fac \u1ea5y v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf xem ra kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n l\u00fd Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5t: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n The Bible Today<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Volume 51, N. 1, 2013<\/p>\n tr. 39-42<\/p>\n \n Chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/em><\/p>\n Lm. Phaol\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ch\u00ednh<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Lm. James W. Kinn \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e2u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t trong Kinh Th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng nam n\u1eef […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":425,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[71],"tags":[78],"class_list":["post-3155","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lm-nguyen-minh-chinh","tag-thanh-phaolo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3155","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3155"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3155\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3156,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3155\/revisions\/3156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/425"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3155"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3155"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3155"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}