{"id":32916,"date":"2024-12-12T09:47:21","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T02:47:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=32916"},"modified":"2024-12-12T09:47:21","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T02:47:21","slug":"giao-hoi-duoc-hinh-thanh-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/giao-hoi-duoc-hinh-thanh-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C H\u00ccNH TH\u00c0NH NH\u01af TH\u1ebe N\u00c0O?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/em> Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c R\u00f4ma<\/em>. T\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i qua b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, h\u1ecd mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u25ba C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u00e0y khai sinh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong Tin M\u1eebng, Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3: \u201cCon l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd x\u00e2y H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y<\/em>\u201d (Mt 16,18). Th\u00e1nh s\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb Hy L\u1ea1p ecclesia<\/em> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i\u201d. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau theo c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh Kinh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Michel Quesnel (1), h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, \u201cGi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y L\u1ec5 Ng\u0169 Tu\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Luca ghi l\u1ea1i trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2 s\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3. Sau khi Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n xu\u1ed1ng, Ph\u00ear\u00f4 loan b\u00e1o s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu v\u00e0 m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi th\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu ph\u00e9p r\u1eeda<\/em>.\u201d H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e1nh Kinh Daniel Marguerat (2) nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t trong \u201cs\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean th\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a L\u1ec5 V\u01b0\u1ee3t Qua<\/em>\u201d khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, \u201cnh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf th\u1eadp gi\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4n l\u00e0m Ch\u00faa \u0110\u1ea5ng m\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

S\u00e9bastien Morlet (3), m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5, th\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o l\u00fac c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n phi si\u00eau nhi\u00ean: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 v\u00e2y quanh m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n Luca cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

\u25ba C\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ai?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf Gi\u00earusalem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i v\u1eabn g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1n Th\u1edd v\u00e0 L\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng, nh\u01b0 Daniel Marguerat gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, \u201ctin r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng Thi\u00ean Sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa sai \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi d\u00e2n Ng\u00e0i. H\u1ecd c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c tin.\u201d<\/em> Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Gi\u00earusalem \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng: ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Semit, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy L\u1ea1p. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 Luca g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy L\u1ea1p<\/em>\u201d, \u201cc\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin, h\u1ecd xa c\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ec1n th\u1edd v\u00e0 Kinh Torah h\u01a1n<\/em>\u201d. C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u1ea3y sinh gi\u1eefa hai xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Do Th\u00e1i. T\u00eaphan\u00f4, th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy L\u1ea1p, b\u1ecb n\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 v\u00ec t\u1ed9i b\u00e1ng b\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi Gi\u00earusalem.<\/p>\n

\u25ba C\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Do Th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Daniel Marguerat k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i theo s\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 (11,19), l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n \u1edf S\u00edp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf Anti\u00f4kia,  \u201ct\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 40, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i theo v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy L\u1ea1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 loan b\u00e1o th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i, c\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd<\/em>\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ecnh thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Luca ghi l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng Ph\u00ear\u00f4 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o. Tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Gi\u00earusalem, ng\u00e0i h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i cho vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng Corneli\u00f4, nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u00e9bastien Morlet t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng? C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec Luca, khi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra n\u01a1i c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi, c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u201cPhaol\u00f4 h\u00f3a\u201d nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Ph\u00ear\u00f4<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp: \u201cPhaol\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. \u1ede nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Do Th\u00e1i, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi Do Th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng s\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u1eebng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra quanh \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Do Th\u00e1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Do Th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng chung b\u1eefa \u0103n kh\u00f4ng? Michel Quesnel nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i: \u201cCh\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Phaol\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u1edf Gi\u00earusalem, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 48, m\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u1eaft b\u00ec cho c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o<\/em>,\u201d nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

\u25ba T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0o? Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Daniel Marguerat t\u00f3m t\u1eaft: \u201cTh\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Phaol\u00f4, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u00edt quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/em>.\u201d Tuy nhi\u00ean, Michel Quesnel l\u01b0u \u00fd, cho d\u00f9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p \u0111o\u00e0n h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u201cc\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm. Th\u00e1nh Phaol\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau: \u201c<\/em>Trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3, th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9, th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y \u2026\u201d (1 Cr 12, 28).<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

\u1ede th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea9m tr\u1eadt \u1edf ba c\u1ea5p, gi\u00e1m s\u1ef1, tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o v\u00e0 ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. S\u00e9bastien Morlet gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cC\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng giao ti\u1ebfp r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n r\u1eb1ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng huynh \u0111\u1ec7 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3u qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, quy \u0111i\u1ec3n Th\u00e1nh Kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Daniel Marguerat gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u201cm\u1ed9t Kit\u00f4 gi\u1edbi, ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u, s\u1ebd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u00e1ch Kh\u1ea3i Huy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Gioan g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u00fac \u00c2m c\u1ee7a Gioan l\u1ea1i th\u00edch h\u1ecd, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Matth\u00eau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Phaol\u00f4. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Gioan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o T\u00e2n \u01af\u1edbc<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh Kinh n\u00e0y l\u01b0u \u00fd: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng quy \u0111i\u1ec3n Th\u00e1nh Kinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II<\/em>\u201d. \u1ede ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 VI. S\u00e9bastien Morlet cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cGi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c R\u00f4ma s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/em>\u201d. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

———————————–<\/p>\n

(1) Linh m\u1ee5c thu\u1ed9c D\u00f2ng Oratoire, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia, nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Lyon, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n <\/em>Conna\u00eetre Dieu \u00e0 travers J\u00e9sus. Une initiation au christianisme (Descl\u00e9e de Brouwer, 2024).<\/em><\/p>\n

(2) Nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh Kinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc Tin L\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Lausanne, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n <\/em>Vie et destin de J\u00e9sus de Nazareth (Seuil, 2019).<\/em><\/p>\n

(3) Tri\u1ebft gia, chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Paris v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Sorbonne. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n <\/em>Chr\u00e9tiens et la culture. Conversion d\u2019un concept (Ier<\/sup>-VIe<\/sup> si\u00e8cles) (Les Belles Lettres, 2016).<\/em><\/p>\n

—————————————–<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00fd Linh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/em><\/p>\n

(ngu\u1ed3n : <\/em>Christel Juquois,<\/em> nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o La Croix<\/a>)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c R\u00f4ma. […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14797,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,72,8,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tam-linh","category-thanh-kinh","category-the-gioi","category-ty-linh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32916","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32916"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32916\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32918,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32916\/revisions\/32918"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14797"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32916"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}