{"id":4768,"date":"2014-03-22T09:03:31","date_gmt":"2014-03-22T02:03:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=4768"},"modified":"2014-03-22T09:09:52","modified_gmt":"2014-03-22T02:09:52","slug":"on-cuu-chuoc-noi-nguoi-chan-chua-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/on-cuu-chuoc-noi-nguoi-chan-chua-4\/","title":{"rendered":"\u01a0N C\u1ee8U CHU\u1ed8C N\u01a0I NG\u01af\u1edcI CHAN CH\u1ee8A (4)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 C\u1ee9u-chu\u1ed9c<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

(b\u00e0i 4)<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n 5:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u01a0n c\u1ee9u-chu\u1ed9c<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i
\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Louvain-la-Neuve, anh em trong \u0110\u1ea1o c\u00f3 t\u1ed5-ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i-tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n-h\u1ecdc t\u00edn-l\u00fd c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a-\u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3: \u201cD\u00e2n con \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng-ch\u1ebf ra c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\u201d<\/span><\/em> k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb m\u1ed3ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed3ng 4 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2005. \u0110\u1ed9ng-t\u1eeb \u201cs\u00e1ng-ch\u1ebf ra\u201d <\/em>nghe th\u1eadt ng\u1ed9-ngh\u0129nh.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec: truy\u1ec1n-th\u1ed1ng trong \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1o Do-th\u00e1i v\u1eabn hay b\u1ecb c\u00e1o-bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng-ch\u1ebf ra v\u00e0 c\u00f2n khai-th\u00e1c \u201c\u00fd-ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i-l\u1ec7\u201d <\/em>c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t bu\u1ed3n. Qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, \u00fd-ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i v\u1eabn dai-d\u1eb3ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00e1ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t truy\u1ec1n-th\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i chui v\u00e0o x\u00e3-h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf th\u1ebf-gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00dd-ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, c\u00f2n n\u1ed1i-k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u00fd-ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1-nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 li\u00ean-quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c-hi\u1ec7n n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Th\u00e0nh th\u1eed, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 th\u1ea5y \u00e1i-ng\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i ch\u00f9ng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n li\u00ean-quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ed1i-k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u00fd-ki\u1ebfn li\u00ean-quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o-d\u1ee5c con tr\u1ebb, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi: \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ra ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, kh\u00f4ng? \u00dd-t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng k\u1ebft-h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi \u00fd-ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5-\u0111au c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi r\u1ed1i b\u1eddi n\u01a1i ta, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf-gi\u1edbi n\u1eefa. \u00dd-ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u1eadt ra ch\u1eb3ng mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do-th\u00e1i h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u00a0N\u00f3i theo ngh\u0129a n\u1ec1n-t\u1ea3ng, th\u00ec t\u00ednh-ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea7m-l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i-ph\u1ea1m xem ra v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 c\u0169 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed5i thay m\u1ea3y may n\u00e0o n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng ki\u1ebfn-t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean-\u0111\u1ecbnh <\/em>v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n-ch\u1ee7ng-h\u1ecdc. <\/em>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y n\u1eefa, l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y n\u1ea3y sinh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i-h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi trong n\u1ec1n v\u0103n-ho\u00e1 nh\u00e2n-b\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eddi-k\u1ef3 s\u00f4i-\u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n-ho\u00e1 \u1ea5y. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecf qua \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 nhanh nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n g\u1ed9t s\u1ea1ch r\u1ed3i v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf, b\u1edfi c\u1ea3m-gi\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i-l\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c thi cho c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m-h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00edch-th\u1ef1c, t\u1ee9c danh-gi\u00e1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e2y, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tuy\u00ean-ng\u00f4n mang t\u00ednh ngh\u1ecbch-th\u01b0\u1eddng\/ngh\u1ecbch-l\u00fd nh\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n-lo\u1ea1i v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo mang n\u00f3 su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi, m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. B\u1edfi, n\u00f3 d\u00ednh-d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3-n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch-nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1-do. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n-\u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i ch\u1ebft \u0111ang di\u1ec5n-ti\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, l\u00fac n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, ngay khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c-th\u1ec3 v\u0103n-ho\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m v\u1ec1 \u201ct\u1ed9i-l\u1ec7\u201d kh\u00e1 quan-tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb lu\u1ed9t m\u1ea5t. Kit\u00f4-gi\u00e1o v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 g\u1ed1c-ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1o l\u1ed7i-ph\u1ea1m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 ngh\u1ecbch-th\u01b0\u1eddng khi th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa t\u1eebng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra ng\u00f4n-t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u201ct\u1ed9i l\u1ec7\u201d; th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch tr\u1eeb kh\u1eed n\u00f3. N\u00f3i theo ng\u00f4n-ng\u1eef t\u00edch-c\u1ef1c th\u00ec: do b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u201cs\u00e1ng-ch\u1ebf\u201d ra \u00fd-ni\u1ec7m \u201ct\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\u201d \u1ea5y, n\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ee9c-gi\u1ea3 trong \u0110\u1ea1o tuy r\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n-ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i bi\u1ec7n-lu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u201cl\u1ed7i t\u1ed9i\u201d ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m Gi\u00e1o-h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng b\u00e0n-lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec theo ki\u1ec3u \u1ea5y c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00dd-ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t m\u00e0 t\u00edn-h\u1eefu \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7n-d\u1eabn g\u1ed3m hai m\u1eb7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t: m\u1ed9t, v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n-ch\u1ee7ng-h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n m\u1eb7t kia l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n-h\u1ecdc.
\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n-ch\u1ee7ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a, r\u00fat t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch Kh\u1edfi-Nguy\u00ean c\u0169ng t\u1ef1a h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c \u1edf C\u1ef1u-\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng d\u1ea1y ta r\u1eb1ng: \u00e1c th\u1ea7n\/s\u1ef1 d\u1eef lu\u00f4n duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh-ti\u1ebft r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u. C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh-ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y, v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. T\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1eabn d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i, theo ngh\u0129a \u00e1c-th\u1ea7n\/s\u1ef1 d\u1eef m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1chnhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh-x\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i-h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c-bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a d\u1eef-th\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c-\u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng-t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 d\u1eef v\u1edbi \u00e1c-th\u1ea7n, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf-gian. T\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, do \u0111\u1eb7c-t\u00ednh c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh-c\u00e1ch th\u1ea7n d\u1eef khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng-thu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p-t\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u1ea7n d\u1eef c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t-h\u1ea1nh trong v\u0169-tr\u1ee5, h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea5u-xa t\u1ec7-l\u1eadu, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i-l\u1ea7m, m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.\u201d <\/em>(A. Gesche).<\/p>\n

\u00a0Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng-tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo mang m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 d\u1eef nh\u01b0 n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf-gian v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t-nh\u00e2n, m\u00f9-lo\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1ebft choc; n\u00f3i chung, c\u0169ng th\u1ea3m n\u00e3o. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3-n\u0103ng kh\u1ed1ng-ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc-ch\u1eafn l\u00ean m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 d\u1eef, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt ra c\u0169ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i-h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n d\u1eef.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft-tr\u00ecnh-vi\u00ean tr\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i-lu\u1eadn h\u00f4m \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Philippe van Meerbeeck c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 ta l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m c\u0169ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 d\u1eef t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i \u0111d\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

\u00a0N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, th\u00ec: trong vi\u1ec5n-c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa l\u1eabn Do-th\u00e1i-gi\u00e1o, t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean-h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean-Ch\u00faa, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0: n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh-x\u1eed c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n-th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh-x\u1eed mang t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u1eef-th\u1ea7n do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t Thi\u00ean-Ch\u00faa. Th\u00e1nh v\u1ecbnh 50 c\u0169ng t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft: \u201cCon \u0111\u1eafc t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh Ch\u00faa, d\u00e1m l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1eef tr\u00e1i m\u1eaft Ng\u00e0i.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec, t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1eef mang t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng-t\u00e1c \u1ea3nh-h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean c\u00f9ng nhau, tr\u00ean nhau. Thi\u00ean-Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n-ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1-vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i; nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i l\u00ean m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i chia-c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang v\u1eabn mang t\u00ednh quan-h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i-k\u1ebft. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi th\u1ee7y, ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c v\u1edbi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o-ngh\u0129a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ri\u00eang-t\u01b0, h\u1ebft. Xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec, c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 mang t\u00ednh t\u00edch-c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 khi\u1ebfn ta s\u1eefng-s\u1edd khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m-t\u1ee5c theo \u201ct\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i…<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3ng-s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i-h\u1ecdc n\u1ecd t\u00ean l\u00e0 Natalie Frogneux t\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho l\u00fd-t\u01b0\u1edfng ri\u00eang-t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u201ct\u00f4i v\u1ecb k\u1ef7\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 m\u1ea1o-danh ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p-\u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

theo ngh\u0129a th\u1ea7n-h\u1ecdc
\n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft anh em m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1-c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cTin Vui An B\u00ecnh\u201d v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i, kh\u00f4ng? B\u1edfi, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, ta v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed7i kh\u00eda-c\u1ea1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh\/h\u1ea1nh-\u0111\u1ea1o, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, th\u1ee9 tha v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng cao c\u1ea3 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea1m; t\u1ee9c: n\u1ebfu so ra, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n d\u1ed3i-d\u00e0o v\u00e0 si\u00eau-\u0111\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i. N\u00f3i r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ed9i h\u1ed3ng ph\u00fac\u201d t\u1ee9c: th\u1ee9 l\u1ed7i-ph\u1ea1m kh\u00e1 ph\u00fac-h\u1ea1nh ngay t\u1eeb thu\u1edf t\u1ea1o-thi\u00ean l\u1eadp-\u0111\u1ecba. Ph\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea5ng C\u1ee9u Th\u1ebf Cao c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf. \u201cT\u1ed9i h\u1ed3ng-ph\u00fac\u201d m\u1edf ra cho ta t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3-thi cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng-l\u1ed1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m, t\u1ee9c: n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n-ph\u00e1p chung gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 cung-c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1eeb thu\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u00ecnh n\u00f3 m\u1edbi khi\u1ebfn cho \u201c\u00e2n-hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa\u201d tr\u1edf-th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n-th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u00edch-c\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn ta s\u1eefng-s\u1edd khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean-Ch\u00faa theo \u201cnh\u00e3n-gi\u1edbi\u201d r\u1ea5t l\u1ed7i t\u1ed9i. C\u0169ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, s\u00f9ng-b\u00e1i th\u1ea7n-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng-th\u00e1i coi Ch\u00faa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean-Ch\u00faa nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n-ch\u1ea5t c\u1ed1t-y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u1ed9i l\u1ec7 n\u00e0o r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\u00a0L\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3ng-s\u01b0 n\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Jean Claude Guillebaud, t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i-h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1eed-th\u00e1ch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 k\u1ebb v\u00f4-t\u1ed9i; xem th\u1ebf th\u00ec, h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng: nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m suy t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3-thi \u1edf n\u01a1i ta \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m, c\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t-thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1eefu-th\u1ec3 mang t\u00ednh tha-ho\u00e1 m\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng-th\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1-nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i kh\u00e1c? X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda-c\u1ea1nh ti\u1ebfn-ho\u00e1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o-ngh\u0129a c\u00f9ng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd l\u1ea1i hay \u0111\u1ec1-xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng thay th\u1ebf theo ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9 ba \u1edf tr\u00ean, t\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng: t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n-ch\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft ph\u1ea5n-\u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0, ki\u1ec3u-c\u00e1ch t\u00edch-h\u1ee3p cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00ednh tha-ho\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb-k\u1ef7 n\u1eb1m n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3-n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh\/h\u1ea1nh-\u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00f5 h\u1ea7u th\u1ea9m-\u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 cung-c\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng tha-ho\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb-k\u1ef7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? S\u1ed1ng ra sao? Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 khuynh-h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1eadp ra quy\u1ebft-\u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0103n-b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean hai chi\u1ec1u-h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu: m\u1ed9t, l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n-l\u1ec7 cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh-x\u1eed kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 g\u00e2y t\u0103m ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft-l\u1eadp c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m\/h\u1ed9i \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n-\u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ea7u gia nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng hay g\u1ecdi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1o-ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5-ch\u1ee9c t\u1eebng k\u1ebft-h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c khuynh-h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3-n\u0103ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tri\u1ec7u tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ch\u1eebng v\u00e0i ng\u00e0n n\u0103m \u0111\u00e2y th\u00f4i. \u0110\u1eddi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng qui-\u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n-l\u00fd\/\u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7; b\u1edfi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt-\u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 v\u0103n-ho\u00e1 ng\u00f5 h\u1ea7u th\u00edch-nghi v\u1edbi t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3, t\u1eebng th\u1ebf-h\u1ec7 c\u1ea3 khi m\u00f4i-tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3-h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ta v\u1eabn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i thay qu\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng khi\u1ebfn ta kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 theo k\u1ecbp, hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a m\u1ea7m gien gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 quan-n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb anh em m\u00ecnh n\u00ean xem th\u00eam b\u1ea3n t\u00f3m k\u1ebft \u00fd-ki\u1ebfn do David Lvingstone Smith v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c-gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0: \u201cT\u1ea1i sao ta n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i\u201d. <\/em>\u0110\u00e2y, l\u00e0 b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a David Lahti v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00eau ra nh\u1eefng l\u00e0: \u201cThe Better Angels of our Nature: evolution and morality\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ———————–<\/p>\n

\u00a0(c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp)<\/p>\n

Lm Kevin O\u2019Shea, CSsR<\/em><\/p>\n

Mai T\u00e1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ed9t \u0110\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 C\u1ee9u-chu\u1ed9c<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":721,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,154],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mai-ta","category-on-cuu-chuoc-noi-nguoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4768"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4768\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4774,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4768\/revisions\/4774"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}