{"id":4883,"date":"2014-04-07T09:45:42","date_gmt":"2014-04-07T02:45:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=4883"},"modified":"2014-04-07T09:45:42","modified_gmt":"2014-04-07T02:45:42","slug":"con-nguoi-trong-tong-huan-evangelii-gaudium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/con-nguoi-trong-tong-huan-evangelii-gaudium\/","title":{"rendered":"“CON NG\u01af\u1edcI” TRONG T\u00d4NG HU\u1ea4N EVANGELII GAUDIUM"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 <\/strong>Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Cha Giuse L\u00ea C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng sinh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng <\/em>v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 <\/em>c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n Evangelii Gaudium <\/em>(EG<\/em>\/Ni\u1ec1m Vui Tin M\u1eebng, 24\/11\/2013) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phanxic\u00f4. Tu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, Cha Ph\u00ear\u00f4 Phan T\u1ea5n Kh\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n EG<\/em> b\u1eb1ng ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u00fat n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u2018con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u2019 trong EG.<\/em> V\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp ch\u00fa v\u00e0o ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u2018con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u2019 c\u1ee7a EG <\/em>d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u00e3n gi\u1edbi tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc: t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan, b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, EG<\/em> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3<\/em>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c <\/em>(x. s\u1ed1 87-92). \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u2018ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a v\u00e0o v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u2019 <\/em>v\u00e0 \u2018\u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn m\u00ecnh\u2019. <\/em>L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u00e3n quan tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, v\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn Tri\u1ebft gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c1o M. Buber (1878-1965). Trong quy\u1ec3n T\u00f4i v\u00e0 B\u1ea1n, <\/em>M. Buber cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u1eeb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, chia s\u1ebb gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi v\u1eadt. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 trong EG<\/em> r\u1eb1ng nh\u1edd t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u1edd c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n m\u00e0 ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu v\u1ec1 quan ni\u1ec7m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi phi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c<\/em> nh\u01b0 Platon v\u00e0 Descartes t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong s\u1ed1 88, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 l\u00ean \u00e1n \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n \u2018c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4<\/em> thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay thi\u00eang li\u00eang, kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadp gi\u00e1\u2019. <\/em>Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, trong t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u2018m\u1ee5c t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng bi\u00ean <\/em>gi\u1edbi\u2019, \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 d\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t<\/em> (x. s\u1ed1 209-216). V\u1ecb Cha chung th\u1ea5u c\u1ea3m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh, kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 gia c\u01b0, nghi\u1ec7n ng\u1eadp, t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 <\/em>v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thai nhi. <\/em>Ng\u00e0i \u01b0\u1edbc mong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u00e1i tim \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa: \u2018Em ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u?\u2019 <\/em>(St 4,9). Trong nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a anh ch\u1ecb em m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u mang l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f5a <\/em>v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c qua th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ung dung, im l\u1eb7ng<\/em>. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf ch\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Cha Ph\u00ear\u00f4 tham chi\u1ebfu Tri\u1ebft gia Levinas (1906-1995) \u2013 v\u1ed1n cho r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4, khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Levinas mang nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sau: d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng; \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 tra v\u1ea5n ch\u00fang ta; ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/em>. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Levinas th\u1eadt m\u1ecfng manh v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i bi\u1ebft bao! Kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb v\u1ee5 \u00e1n Cain \u2013 Aben, v\u1ecb tri\u1ebft gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Cain \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Aben c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tha nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 ba, EG<\/em> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/em> T\u1eeb trong s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 gieo v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 ban cho h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ee9c Phanxic\u00f4 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ba h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi: 1)<\/em> nh\u1eefng t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111ang duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c tin s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, 2) nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p R\u1eeda, 3)<\/em> nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 hay lu\u00f4n ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi <\/em>(x.<\/em> s\u1ed1 14). \u00a0Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn Loan B\u00e1o Tin M\u1eebng cho h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n s\u1ef1 khao kh\u00e1t Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u2013 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ra kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh <\/em>\u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa h\u01a1n (x. s\u1ed1 8). T\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i m\u00e0 Tri\u1ebft gia Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804) khai tri\u1ec3n qua ba quy\u1ec3n Ph\u00ea B\u00ecnh I, II, III<\/em> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ba c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft g\u00ec? T\u00f4i l\u00e0m g\u00ec? T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng g\u00ec?<\/em> \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/em>, Kant cho r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ee9c tin, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cu\u1ed1i bu\u1ed5i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh, Cha Ph\u00ear\u00f4 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a hay trong c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng ti\u00ean v\u00e0n khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong Tin M\u1eebng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu Kit\u00f4 \u2013 \u0110\u1ea5ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u1eadt, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 Tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Cha Giuse L\u00ea C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng sinh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4886,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,40],"tags":[96,137],"class_list":["post-4883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nhan-ban","category-dai-chung-vien-hue","tag-nhan-pham","tag-phanxico-i"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4883","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4883"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4883\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4887,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4883\/revisions\/4887"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4883"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4883"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4883"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}