{"id":7680,"date":"2015-12-23T08:44:03","date_gmt":"2015-12-23T01:44:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/?p=7680"},"modified":"2023-09-26T09:19:25","modified_gmt":"2023-09-26T02:19:25","slug":"su-phat-trien-giao-huan-luan-ly-chinh-thuc-ve-hon-nhan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/su-phat-trien-giao-huan-luan-ly-chinh-thuc-ve-hon-nhan\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N GI\u00c1O HU\u1ea4N LU\u00c2N L\u00dd CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C V\u1ec0 H\u00d4N NH\u00c2N C\u1ee6A GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I C\u00d4NG GI\u00c1O TRONG V\u00d2NG 50 N\u0102M QUA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>D\u1eabn Nh\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Va-ti-ca-n\u00f4 II<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 canh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tranh c\u00e3i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng trong v\u00f2ng 50 n\u0103m qua,<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o l\u00fd C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Margaret Farley di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1eadn c\u0103n trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng khi b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX v\u00e0 XXI, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Kinh m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c g\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng. Xa r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho r\u1eb1ng sinh con \u0111\u1ebb c\u00e1i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 duy nh\u1ea5t cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c (c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Va-ti-ca-n\u00f4 II, trong <em>Humanae Vitae<\/em> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i). Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u0103n c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. D\u00f9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc lu\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u1eabn nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, hi\u1ebfp d\u00e2m, khai th\u00e1c t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, ngo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n), nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u1ed5i c\u1ed9m trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u00ec h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 kinh qua nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e3 kinh qua trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o su\u1ed1t 50 n\u0103m qua, ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng S\u00e1ch Lu\u00e2n L\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc lu\u00e2n l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p lu\u1eadt gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao ban v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi tr\u00ean th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nhau m\u00e0 theo l\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh con c\u00e1i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i; m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ham mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c (\u0111. 1031, I). Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng Ki-t\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu ph\u00e9p R\u1eeda, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ed t\u00edch v\u00ec kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ki-t\u00f4 n\u00e2ng l\u00ean h\u00e0ng b\u00ed t\u00edch<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II v\u1edbi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong <em>Gaudium et Spes<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><strong>[5]<\/strong><\/a>, <\/em>s\u1ed1 47-51. D\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n trong GS, th\u00ec h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Nh\u00e2n V\u1ecb (d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi) nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft\u201d (<em>consortium<\/em>)<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, \u201cm\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u00e1 v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng r\u00fat l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d, m\u1ed9t \u201cs\u1ef1 k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7p m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft\u201d, m\u1ed9t \u201cs\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi\u201d, \u2026v.v. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd trong GS (\u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II) l\u00e0<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Nh\u00e2n V\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, thay v\u00ec nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng-ng\u00f4i.<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Th\u00e1nh Kinh \u201cgiao \u01b0\u1edbc\u201d (<em>foedus<\/em>) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n thay v\u00ec thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ng\u00f4i \u201ckh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc\u201d (<em>contractus<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu gi\u1eefa hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y: \u201cT\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i\u201d (s\u1ed1 48.50). Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai \u2018m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\u2019 ri\u00eang r\u1ebd, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhau; qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c, GS g\u1ecdi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng\u201d (s\u1ed1 48).<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a kho\u00e1i c\u1ea3m trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n-\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh Kinh. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa t\u1ea1o ra kho\u00e1i c\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i th\u1ecd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u \u201ct\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n sau V-II (ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb trong B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983), ta th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0ng g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i <em>Humanae Vitae <a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><strong>[8]<\/strong><\/a><\/em>(1968), \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phao-l\u00f4 VI \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tinh t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>V\u1eady, h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp hay l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 quan ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa T\u1ea1o H\u00f3a, m\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ee3, ngang qua s\u1ef1 trao hi\u1ebfn cho nhau, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho h\u1ecd, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n l\u1eabn nhau, c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n sinh v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n <em>Persona Humana <\/em>(1975), do B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee9c Tin ban h\u00e0nh, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n quan Nh\u00e2n V\u1ecb v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a GS v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edd c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc, t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y (PS) l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t khung gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 li\u00ean-ng\u00e0nh. Nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1edbn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c sau n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 <em>Familiaris Consortio<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><strong>[10]<\/strong><\/a><\/em> (1981) v\u00e0 <em>Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><strong>[11]<\/strong><\/a> <\/em>(1992) nh\u00ecn chung s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n theo d\u00f2ng suy t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a GS, HV v\u00e0 PS, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 theo c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Th\u00e1nh Kinh, Nh\u00e2n V\u1ecb v\u00e0 li\u00ean-ng\u00e0nh n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i n\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cgiao \u01b0\u1edbc\u201d d\u00f9 B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt (1983) ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u00e1ch h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u1edbt \u0111\u1ec3 theo GS b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cgiao \u01b0\u1edbc\u201d ch\u1ec9 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n (\u0111.1055), nh\u01b0ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c theo kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201ckh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II trong ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt \u201ckh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea7n\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> Theo Orsy, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec d\u00f9 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 V-II n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983.<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n trong su\u1ed1t 50 n\u0103m qua, nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u01a1i nh\u00e3n quan c\u1ee7a V-II v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u00f3i chung, d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>M\u1ed9t S\u1ed1 Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n \u0110\u1eb7c Th\u00f9 Gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ea5n Ch\u00ednh Th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong> Ch\u1ea5p Thu\u1eadn K\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1ch H\u00f3a Gia \u0110\u00ecnh theo Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfn trong \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong HV. Ngay sau khi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u1ee5 thai v\u00e0 v\u00f4 sinh trong chu k\u1ef3 sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 20 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a>, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Pi-\u00f4 XI \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u00f4m nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ck\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p <em>Casti Connubii <\/em>v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1930, Ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch x\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, cho d\u00f9 v\u00ec c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c do th\u1eddi gian ho\u1eb7c do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed5 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u00ec trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1eabn nhau, hun \u0111\u00fac t\u00ecnh y\u00eau trao hi\u1ebfn cho nhau, v\u00e0 xoa d\u1ecbu d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Pi-\u00f4 XII minh nhi\u00ean ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong B\u00e0i N\u00f3i Chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee1 \u00dd v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1951,<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a> th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eadn c\u0103n nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh \u00c2u-tinh v\u1ed1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn V-II. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00c2u-tinh, m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh minh nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n sinh, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ee9c Pi-\u00f4 XI l\u1eabn \u0110\u1ee9c Pi-\u00f4 XII, gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c: c\u1eb7p ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1ecbp sinh h\u1ecdc (rhythm method), theo \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh minh nhi\u00ean hay m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n sinh<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a> khi h\u1ecd giao h\u1ee3p. HV l\u00e0 v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau V-II kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng khai ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1ecbp sinh h\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00f3 cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a> Theo \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phaol\u00f4 VI d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft h\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chu k\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o quan h\u1ec7 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian v\u00f4 sinh \u0111\u00f3\u201d. Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c sau n\u00e0y.<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> L\u00e0m Cha M\u1eb9 c\u00f3 Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">GS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u201csinh con c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu (c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 51.87). Trong HV, \u0110\u1ee9c Phao-l\u00f4 VI tri\u1ec3n khai thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u201cl\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m\u201d:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 l\u00fd, kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u con h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam con ho\u1eb7c trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (1967), ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi gia t\u0103ng trong th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, <em>Populorum Progressio<\/em>. Ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, cha m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 con m\u00ecnh c\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1-theo c\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c soi d\u1eabn b\u1edfi lu\u1eadt Ch\u00faa v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1edfi ni\u1ec1m t\u00edn th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o Ng\u00e0i.<\/em><a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1eady, l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 con m\u00e0 c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trong vi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n con c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 con trong chu k\u1ef3 sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, theo l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch x\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u01b0\u1eddi ba n\u0103m sau, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00e2n khi ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1ebb chia tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh (FC 32). V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n CCC (1992) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 2367 v\u00e0 2368.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> \u201cM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201c\u00dd ngh\u0129a\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong khi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u201cl\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m\u201d n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i li\u00ean l\u1ec9 v\u1edbi tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd kh\u00e1ch quan (s\u1ed1 10), th\u00ec HV minh nhi\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c thi \u201cnhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5\u201d n\u00e0y (s\u1ed1 16). M\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t sinh s\u1ea3n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u00e1n (s\u1ed1 14), v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00ean \u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ban \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Phao-l\u00f4 VI \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n: tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ng\u00e0i g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c \u2018m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\u2019 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u1edbi, \u201c\u00fd ngh\u0129a\u201d (\u2018t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng\u2019). Theo \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 hai \u201c\u00fd ngh\u0129a\u201d c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n: \u2018n\u00ean m\u1ed9t\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018truy\u1ec1n sinh\u2019. R\u1ed3i (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 GS \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu gi\u1eefa t\u00ecnh y\u00eau trao hi\u1ebfn cho nhau c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n sinh), ng\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u1eafn kh\u00edt v\u1edbi nhau, v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a> T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u1eafc n\u1ecbch n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phao-l\u00f4 VI \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh phi lu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u1eeba thai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<a href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i trong m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, ta c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ng\u1eeba thai nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201c\u00fd ngh\u0129a\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, Th\u00e1nh \u00c2u-tinh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ba \u201cthi\u1ec7n \u00edch\u201d c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a>, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4-ma n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a hai \u201cm\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\u201d h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n: truy\u1ec1n sinh nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u2018ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018t\u00ecnh y\u00eau trao hi\u1ebfn cho nhau\u2019 nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u2018th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu\u2019. V-II ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u2018c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\u2019 c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang. V\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, HV \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y khi g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u201c\u00fd ngh\u0129a\u201d c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n. Trong FC, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201c\u00fd ngh\u0129a\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u2018m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch\u2019 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, qua \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i.<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a> B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt (1983), c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c hai n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II; th\u1ef1c ra, ta l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u201cthi\u1ec7n \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu\u201d \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cvi\u1ec7c sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i\u201d trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (\u0111. 1055).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> M\u1ed1i Li\u00ean H\u1ec7 N\u1ed9i T\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa T\u00ecnh Y\u00eau (trao hi\u1ebfn) v\u00e0 S\u1ef1 S\u1ed1ng (truy\u1ec1n sinh)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong HV, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phao-l\u00f4 VI v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n th\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec GS d\u1ea1y ba n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, khi ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c<em>Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mang t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c quan v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/em>\u201d (s\u1ed1 9). Khi g\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201c<em>h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu c\u00e1 v\u1ecb<\/em>\u201d, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u201cphong nhi\u00eau\u201d (s\u1ed1 9), v\u00ec th\u1ebf nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y (gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201c\u00fd ngh\u0129a\u201d trong HV) v\u00e0 quy m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd, theo ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean ti\u1ec1n V-II, hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f3 (theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong FC, \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y khi ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: \u201c<em>c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, khi hi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n cho nhau, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trao hi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n trao hi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i con c\u00e1i, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n ly c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cha v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1eb9<\/em>\u201d (s\u1ed1 14). Ng\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u00ednh phong nhi\u00eau l\u00e0 hoa tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 trao hi\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n cho nhau gi\u1eefa c\u1eb7p ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu. \u201c<em>Trong khi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m c\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y: \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u00e1ch can \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng S\u00e1ng T\u1ea1o v\u00e0 C\u1ee9u Chu\u1ed9c, \u0110\u1ea5ng m\u00e0 qua h\u1ecd ng\u00e0y l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh<\/em>\u201d (FC, 28).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u00e0m vang v\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a GS 50 cho r\u1eb1ng \u201ch\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n sinh\u201d, v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3, FC n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c<em>Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n sinh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/em>\u201d (s\u1ed1 28). D\u1ecdc theo l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng 1600 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Th\u00e1nh \u00c2u-tinh, m\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n sinh (th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n),<a href=\"#_ftn26\" name=\"_ftnref26\">[26]<\/a> \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eafn ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> T\u00ecnh Y\u00eau H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 Ph\u1ea3n \u00c1nh ch\u00ednh T\u00ecnh Y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eeba m\u1edbi k\u1ebft th\u00fac, do Antonio Spadaro vi\u1ebft, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u: \u201cT\u00ecnh y\u00eau gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn27\" name=\"_ftnref27\">[27]<\/a> M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 hay sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II. Do s\u1ef1 nghi ng\u1edd n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o k\u1ebf th\u1eeba t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc lu\u00e2n l\u00fd C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u00ecn t\u00ecnh y\u00eau gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef v\u1edbi c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 xem n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa c\u00e1ch Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa,<a href=\"#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\">[28]<\/a> m\u1eb7c cho ngu\u1ed3n Th\u00e1nh Kinh phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong s\u00e1ch Di\u1ec5m Ca. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean ti\u1ec1nV-II l\u00e0 kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i nam n\u1eef k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 trong khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri nh\u1eadn, \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef gh\u00e9t nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n, ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd trao cho nhau quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean th\u00e2n x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia\u201d!<a href=\"#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a> Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi V-II, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u0103n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, GS 48 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cs\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng s\u00e2u xa s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n\u201d (<em>intima comminitas vitae et amoris coniugalis<\/em>). Trong GS 48-51, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00e1 v\u1ecb. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong GS 48 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00e0nh vi nh\u00e2n linh qua \u0111\u00f3 hai b\u00ean trao ban v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn l\u1eabn nhau\u201d. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y trong GS 49:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>B\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u01a1n hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u1ea5y. M\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh y\u00eau k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ea7n linh nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 do trao hi\u1ebfn cho nhau, qua nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ecu m\u1ebfn. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, do \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ee5c d\u1ee5c thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00edch k\u1ef7, s\u1ebd mau ch\u00f3ng tan bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 k\u00e9o theo nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea3m h\u1ea1i<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi GS kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, th\u00ec m\u1ecdi v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh cao trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 <em>Deus Caritas Est <\/em>(2005) do \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ea-n\u00ea-\u0111ic-t\u00f4 vi\u1ebft: \u201c<em>Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, eros c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u01b0\u01a1n cao \u2018trong xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n\u2019 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh; nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf, thanh luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh<\/em>\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn30\" name=\"_ftnref30\">[30]<\/a> \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh y\u00eau d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn hay t\u1ef1 hi\u1ebfn cho nhau nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef (<em>eros<\/em>) \u201ckh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nhau\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn31\" name=\"_ftnref31\">[31]<\/a>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u00e0i minh nhi\u00ean ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1eefa <em>agape <\/em>v\u00e0 <em>eros <\/em>v\u1ed1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 lan t\u1ecfa nh\u01b0 trong s\u1ef1 trao hi\u1ebfn cho nhau trong h\u00e0nh vi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n tr\u1ed5i v\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (<em>eros<\/em>) v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh y\u00eau Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa (<em>agape<\/em>).<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"6\">\n<li><strong> Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i Kh\u00e1c Nhau v\u1ec1 Quan H\u1ec7 T\u00ecnh D\u1ee5c v\u1edbi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kh\u00e1c Gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng Thi\u1ebfu H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n Ki-t\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o L\u00fd T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gi\u1eefa C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II (k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965) v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 Gia \u0110\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1980, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi. Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n 15 n\u0103m, nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft h\u00f4n th\u1eed, \u2018de facto marriages\u2019 (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u2018s\u1ed1ng th\u1eed\u2019), h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t sinh.<a href=\"#_ftn32\" name=\"_ftnref32\">[32]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n lu\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh h\u00e0nh vi nh\u00e2n linh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau tr\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng khai v\u1ed1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u2018h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n!\u2019 D\u00f9 sao \u0111i n\u1eefa Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u0169ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n (th\u1eadm ch\u00ed mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng) h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, d\u00f9 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trung th\u00e0nh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t v\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed3ng, kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi, b\u00ed t\u00edch nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 FC c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i (s\u1ed1 79-84).<a href=\"#_ftn33\" name=\"_ftnref33\">[33]<\/a> Th\u00fa v\u1ecb thay, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra trong ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u01a1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a V-II kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 50 n\u0103m.<a href=\"#_ftn34\" name=\"_ftnref34\">[34]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"7\">\n<li><strong> Nh\u1eefng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o Ly D\u1ecb v\u00e0 T\u00e1i H\u00f4n<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">H\u00e0ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n \u201cs\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ed9i\u201d, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n trong su\u1ed1t 50 n\u0103m qua c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trung th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n ly c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o \u1ea5p \u1ee7 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00ea-su. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 xem B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1917 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn h\u1ecd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi song h\u00f4n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p d\u00e2y h\u00f4n ph\u1ed1i, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u00ec ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu, xem th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n, h\u1ecd c\u1ee9 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecb v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu theo t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi hay ch\u1ecbu v\u1ea1 c\u1ea5m ch\u1ebf c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn35\" name=\"_ftnref35\">[35]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch khinh mi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u2018nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi song h\u00f4n\u2019 n\u1eefa; n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng \u0111e d\u1ecda h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t hay v\u1ea1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu theo t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c<em>Ng\u0103n tr\u1edf c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh sau khi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng chung do t\u01b0 h\u00f4n c\u00f4ng khai hay hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/em>\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn36\" name=\"_ftnref36\">[36]<\/a> \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta l\u01b0u \u00fd m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1977, trong khi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5, \u1ee6y Ban Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo v\u1ed1n g\u1ee3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb b\u00ed t\u00edch R\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, khi n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n tr\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb b\u00ed t\u00edch R\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o cho con em m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng khai l\u1eabn ri\u00eang t\u01b0, th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eabn m\u1edf ra cho h\u1ecd<\/em>.\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn37\" name=\"_ftnref37\">[37]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II c\u1ed5 s\u00fay m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 4 n\u0103m sau khi ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ebfn \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf m\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1edfi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n b\u00ed t\u00edch v\u00e0 m\u01b0u toan k\u1ebft h\u00f4n l\u1ea7n hai. V\u00ec v\u1eady Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i s\u1ebd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u01a1i ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 giao cho h\u1ecd t\u00f9y \u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9<\/em> (FC 84).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">R\u1ed3i v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n\u201d, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf xem m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd \u201cth\u00f4ng ph\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i\u201d: khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd l\u1eafng nghe L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa, tham d\u1ef1 Th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c \u00e1i v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con c\u00e1i trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, hun \u0111\u00fac tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf xin \u01a1n Ch\u00faa h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y (FC 84). Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho h\u1ecd, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ea7y l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, duy tr\u00ec h\u1ecd trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1eady (FC 84).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y Ban Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1977 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II d\u1ea1y trong FC, Orsy n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201ct\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 hai xem nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng\u201d, theo ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1917<a href=\"#_ftn38\" name=\"_ftnref38\">[38]<\/a> nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn h\u1ecd l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Orsy ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hai v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c r\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u0111ang tr\u00e1nh xa quan \u0111i\u1ec3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, xem nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng khai, v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng h\u1ecd, mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn \u01a1n Ch\u00faa. Ch\u00ednh n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/em>. <a href=\"#_ftn39\" name=\"_ftnref39\">[39]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean thay, CCC, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1992, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u201c<em>\u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/em>\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn40\" name=\"_ftnref40\">[40]<\/a> Theo nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1eadu V-II. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c CCC c\u00f3 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u00e1i h\u00f4n h\u01a1n FC n\u1ebfu ta so s\u00e1nh FC 84 v\u1edbi CCC 1650. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u201cm\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m t\u1eeb m\u1eabu\u201d c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham giao v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, b\u1ecb b\u1ecf s\u00f3t trong CCC. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kho\u1ea3ng 15 n\u0103m sau, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ea-n\u00ea-\u0111\u00edc-t\u00f4 XVI l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u00e1i h\u00f4n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c b\u00ed t\u00edch.<a href=\"#_ftn41\" name=\"_ftnref41\">[41]<\/a> Theo Kasper, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u00e1i h\u00f4n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i (b\u1edfi hai v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng) l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t \u00e2m vang m\u1edbi\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn42\" name=\"_ftnref42\">[42]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o t\u00e1i h\u00f4n, th\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 Gia \u0111\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n khi cho r\u1eb1ng \u201c<em>Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u00fap h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng Ch\u00faa trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch vi\u00ean m\u00e3n Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecd<\/em>\u201d.<a href=\"#_ftn43\" name=\"_ftnref43\">[43]<\/a> Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u201ckhuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd tham gia v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n\u201d (s\u1ed1 51). Trong khi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u201cg\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ea5u\u201d m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5, th\u00ec B\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf: \u201c<em>s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Ki-t\u00f4 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n ly c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/em>\u201d (s\u1ed1 51). Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0 nh\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"8\">\n<li><strong> H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n H\u1ed7n H\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u2018h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p\u2019 theo l\u1ed1i n\u00f3i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 theo ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng trong Gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i (kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o (h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p).<a href=\"#_ftn44\" name=\"_ftnref44\">[44]<\/a> Khi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, Siegle g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. Nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1edf nh\u00e0 x\u1ee9 hay ph\u00f2ng th\u00e1nh; nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 sau cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh trong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00e0n th\u1edd, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o ph\u1eadn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0ng hoa tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ebfn. Theo d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian, Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ean trong ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00e0n th\u1edd, c\u00f3 nh\u1ea1c (nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00e1t) v\u00e0 ch\u01b0ng hoa tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd nh\u1eefng chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p c\u1eed h\u00e0nh th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn45\" name=\"_ftnref45\">[45]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau V-II cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1917 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p\u2019 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u1ea5m r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda r\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t trong hai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i l\u1ea1c gi\u00e1o hay ly gi\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u00f4n d\u00f9 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u: Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i, th\u00ec h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1edfi thi\u00ean lu\u1eadt.<a href=\"#_ftn46\" name=\"_ftnref46\">[46]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh r\u1ea5t h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u00eau tr\u00ean v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983 c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 cung gi\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u1ea5m k\u1ebft h\u00f4n gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t trong hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o hay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i \u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia \u0111\u00e3 gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o.<a href=\"#_ftn47\" name=\"_ftnref47\">[47]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1917 ch\u00ednh b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o (d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i hay ch\u01b0a) ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee9a (b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n) \u201ckh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o\u201d, r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p) hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n chu\u1ea9n (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o).<a href=\"#_ftn48\" name=\"_ftnref48\">[48]<\/a> Nh\u01b0ng B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eadn c\u0103n l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00ednh b\u00ean C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee9a r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 cho con c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o.<a href=\"#_ftn49\" name=\"_ftnref49\">[49]<\/a> Doyle ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i sau V-II v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p hay mi\u1ec5n chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>B\u00ean kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee9a n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, b\u00ean C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba m\u1ecdi nguy c\u01a1 xa r\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 cho con c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u00ean C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, d\u00f9 b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u00ean C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/em>.<a href=\"#_ftn50\" name=\"_ftnref50\">[50]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Orsy tin r\u1eb1ng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 T\u1ef1 Do T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o (<em>Ph\u1ea9m Gi\u00e1 Con Ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em>) c\u1ee7a V-II v\u1ed1n \u201cnh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh quy\u1ec1n theo \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ee9c tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y.<a href=\"#_ftn51\" name=\"_ftnref51\">[51]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft, h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u2018h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n li\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c tin\u2019 (inter-faith marriages) \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i Ki-t\u00f4 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. FC b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 sau khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n H\u1ed7n H\u1ee3p trong s\u1ed1 78 r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ng\u00e0y nay trong nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng. Trong nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u00eda kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng theo nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 Tuy\u00ean Ng\u00f4n <em>Nostra Aetate<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ngo\u00e0i Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb t\u1ee5c h\u00f3a, b\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 do th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin, tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho con c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c theo \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean thay, khi theo m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, CCC tha thi\u1ebft mong m\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o.<a href=\"#_ftn52\" name=\"_ftnref52\">[52]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong su\u1ed1t 50 n\u0103m qua trong c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng (ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n) v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng lu\u00f4n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<a href=\"#_ftn53\" name=\"_ftnref53\">[53]<\/a> Khi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n lu\u00e2n l\u00fd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd kh\u00e1c, nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc l\u1eebng danh Noonan xem Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1edbi cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ngang qua kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, suy g\u1eabm Th\u00e1nh Kinh, nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed.<a href=\"#_ftn54\" name=\"_ftnref54\">[54]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t <em>aggiornamento, <\/em>m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 canh t\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u2018c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i\u2019 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c hay gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1eadn c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eadn gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh Kinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i s\u01a1 khai (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n)<a href=\"#_ftn55\" name=\"_ftnref55\">[55]<\/a>, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n Henry de Lubac, Jean Dani\u00e9lou, Yves Congar, Marie-Dominique Chenu,\u2026v.v. nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc V-II. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00ea-su h\u1ee9a hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i, th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i hi\u1ec3u m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa r\u00f5 h\u01a1n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng gia t\u0103ng nh\u1edd c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fr. Vimal Tirimanna, CSsR<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">G.B. Phan Ng\u1ecdc (Ch\u1ee7ng sinh, l\u1edbp Th\u1ea7n IV, \u0110CV Hu\u1ebf) chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef ph\u1ea7n V (&#8220;Development of Official Catholic Moral Teachings on Marriage during the past 50 years&#8221;) t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Fr. Tirimanna v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;Theological reflections on the family in the lead up to the 14th Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops on the Family&#8221;, October, 2015, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a FABC, s\u1ed1 145.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 V-II<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> X. Massimo Faggioli, <em>Vatican II: The Battle Meaning<\/em>, New York: Paulist Press, 2012.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Margaret A. Farley, \u201cT\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 trong \u0111\u1ee9c tin\u201d, <em>The Tablet, <\/em>27, Th\u00e1ng 09 n\u0103m 2014, 11.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Henry Davis, <em>Lu\u00e2n L\u00fd v\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc M\u1ee5c V\u1ee5, <\/em>q.IV, Eighth Edition (T\u00e1i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng), London: Sheed and Ward, 1959, 53.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 GS.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Anh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1eeb Latinh n\u00e0y trong b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a GS.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> X. Vimal Tirimana, \u201c<em>Gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Vatican II v\u1ec1 H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n: Gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u00e1p cho c\u00e1c V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1eddi<\/em>\u201d, <em>Vidyajyoti Journal of Theological Reflection, 77:7 <\/em>(July 2013), 537-552.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 HV.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> HV, s\u1ed1 8.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 FC.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 CCC.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> Ladislas Orsy, <em>H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n trong Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt: V\u0103n B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Ph\u00ea B\u00ecnh, C\u00e1c Suy T\u01b0 v\u00e0 V\u1ea5n N\u1ea1n, <\/em>Wilmington: Michael Glazier, 1986, 47.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> Orsy, <em>H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n trong Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt, <\/em>37.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> X. Karl H. Peschke, <em>Lu\u00e2n L\u00fd Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o: Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc Lu\u00e2n L\u00fd d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng Vatican II, <\/em>Quy\u1ec3n II (T\u00e1i B\u1ea3n), Banglore: Theological Publications in India, 1992, 502; John T. Nooman, Jr., <em>Bi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p Tr\u00e1nh Thai: L\u1ecbch S\u1eed v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7c X\u1eed L\u00fd Vi\u1ec7c Ng\u1eeba Thai b\u1edfi c\u00e1c Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc Gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o <\/em>(B\u1ea3n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng), Cambridge: Havard University Press, 1986, 442-443.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Pi-\u00f4 XI, <em>Casti Connubii <\/em>(1930), nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch trong Joseph A.Selling, \u201cGi\u00e1o Hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n Quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n\u201d, 1880-1968: Th\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1eb1ng L\u1ecbch S\u1eed hay Thay \u0110\u1ed5i T\u1eadn C\u0103n?\u201d trong Resal Tremblay and Dennis J. Billy (Eds.), <em>Historia: Memoria Futuri, Meslanges Louis Vereecke,<\/em> Roma: Edizione Academiae Alphonsianae, 1991, 375.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> X. Selling, \u201c<em>Gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea7n Quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n<\/em>\u201d, 380-386; Noonan, <em>Bi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p<\/em> <em>Ng\u1eeba Thai, <\/em>445-447.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Th\u00e1nh \u00c2u-tinh (m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ti\u1ec1n V-II), m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi giao h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh minh nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n sinh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> X. HV, NA 11.16.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> X. FC, 32.34; CCC, NA, 2368.2370.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> HV, 10.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Phao-l\u00f4 VI, <em>Populorum Progressio <\/em>(1967), 37.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> HV, 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> X. FC, 32; CCC, 2366. L\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Phao-l\u00f4 VI c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 sinh s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00c2u-tinh, ba thi\u1ec7n \u00edch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: con c\u00e1i, s\u1ef1 chung th\u1ee7y v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 gi\u1eefa c\u1eb7p ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> FC, 32; CCC, 2366.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00c2u-tinh, m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh minh nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n sinh, trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u00f4-ma A-qui-n\u00f4 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho t\u1edbi V-II, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n sinh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> Antonio Spadaro, \u201cUna Chiesa in Cammino Sinodale: La Sfide Pastorali sulla Famiglia\u201d, <em>La Civlt\u00e0 Cattolica, <\/em>165 (1\/11\/2014), 213.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> \u0110\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kho\u00e1i c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, xin xem Shaji George Kochuthara, <em>Quan Ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Kho\u00e1i C\u1ea3m trong Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng Lu\u00e2n L\u00fd C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, <\/em>RomaL Editrice Pontificia Uniersita\u2019Gregoriana, 2007.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> Michael G. Lawler, <em>H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 B\u00ed T\u00edch: Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n Ki-t\u00f4 Gi\u00e1o, <\/em>Collegeville: The Liturgical Press, 1993, 19.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng Benedict XVI, <em>Deus Caritas Est <\/em>(2005), 5.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> Ibid, 7.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c\u2019 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60, trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft th\u00fac g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1edbi, v\u00ec th\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c trong Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a> Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i ly d\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f4n hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong GS, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u 2356 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1917.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\">[36]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u 1093 trong B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983. C\u0169ng xem H\u1ed3ng y Walter Kasper, <em>Ph\u00fac \u00c2m v\u1ec1 Gia \u0110\u00ecnh (The Gospel of Family), <\/em>New York: Paulist Press, 2014, 27.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\">[37]<\/a> \u1ee6y Ban Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf, \u201cNh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n Ki-t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o\u201d (1977), s\u1ed1 5.4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\">[38]<\/a> Xem \u0111i\u1ec1u 855 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1917.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref39\" name=\"_ftn39\">[39]<\/a> Orsy, <em>H\u00f4n nh\u00e2n trong Gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt, <\/em>290.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref40\" name=\"_ftn40\">[40]<\/a> CCC s\u1ed1 2384.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref41\" name=\"_ftn41\">[41]<\/a> \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng B\u00ea-n\u00ea-\u0111\u00edc-t\u00f4 XVI, <em>Sacramentum Caritatis <\/em>(2007). Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a CCC b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ea5n quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref42\" name=\"_ftn42\">[42]<\/a> Kasper, 27.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref43\" name=\"_ftn43\">[43]<\/a> B\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c Ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 Gia \u0111\u00ecnh (10\/2014), s\u1ed1 25, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao l\u1ea1i trong <em>Origins, <\/em>44,24 (13 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2014), 399. Khi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh suy t\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 Gia \u0111\u00ecnh k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi T\u00f4ng hu\u1ea5n h\u1eadu Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e1ng 10\/2015, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1c quan c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec3n khai s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref44\" name=\"_ftn44\">[44]<\/a> Xem Thomas P. Doyle, \u201cTitle: VII, Marriage\u201d trong James A. Coriden v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c. (Eds.), <em>B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt: B\u1ea3n V\u0103n v\u00e0 Ph\u00ea B\u00ecnh, <\/em>New York: Paulist Press, 1985,800. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n xem Orsy, <em>H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n trong Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt,<\/em> 180. V\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i trong m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 bao qu\u00e1t c\u1ea3 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n \u2018kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o\u2019 v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n \u2018t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p\u2019.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref45\" name=\"_ftn45\">[45]<\/a> Bernard A. Siegle,<em> H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n: Theo B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt M\u1edbi, <\/em>New York: Alba House, 1986, 149.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref46\" name=\"_ftn46\">[46]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u 1060 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt 1917.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref47\" name=\"_ftn47\">[47]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u 1124 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref48\" name=\"_ftn48\">[48]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u 1061 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1917.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref49\" name=\"_ftn49\">[49]<\/a> \u0110i\u1ec1u 1125 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt 1983. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref50\" name=\"_ftn50\">[50]<\/a> Doyle, \u201cTitle: VII, Marriage\u201d, 802.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref51\" name=\"_ftn51\">[51]<\/a> Orsy, <em>H\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n trong Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadt, 36. <\/em>Ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong <em>Nostra Aetate (<\/em>1965<em>)<\/em>, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref52\" name=\"_ftn52\">[52]<\/a> CCC, s\u1ed1 1637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref53\" name=\"_ftn53\">[53]<\/a> Xem <em>Dei Verbum <\/em>(1965), s\u1ed1 8; \u0110GH. Gioan Phao-l\u00f4 II, <em>Veritatis Splendor <\/em>(1993), s\u1ed1 27-28.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref54\" name=\"_ftn54\">[54]<\/a> B\u1ea3n t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong John T.Noonan, Jr., <em>M\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 Thay \u0110\u1ed5i: S\u1ef1 Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n Gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ea5n Lu\u00e2n L\u00fd C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, <\/em>Notre Dame (Indiana): University of Notre Dame, 2005.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref55\" name=\"_ftn55\">[55]<\/a> \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u2018cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n\u2019, xem B\u00e0i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Massimo Faggioli tr\u00ean trang <a href=\"http:\/\/www\">http:\/\/www<\/a>. standfordvatican2.net\/readings\/april-8-francis\/faggiolichat2.pdf. (truy c\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2014).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>D\u1eabn Nh\u1eadp M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Va-ti-ca-n\u00f4 II[1] l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 canh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/su-phat-trien-giao-huan-luan-ly-chinh-thuc-ve-hon-nhan\/\" title=\"S\u1ef0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N GI\u00c1O HU\u1ea4N LU\u00c2N L\u00dd CH\u00cdNH TH\u1ee8C V\u1ec0 H\u00d4N NH\u00c2N C\u1ee6A GI\u00c1O H\u1ed8I C\u00d4NG GI\u00c1O TRONG V\u00d2NG 50 N\u0102M QUA\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3226,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gia-dinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7680","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7680"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7680\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26552,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7680\/revisions\/26552"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xuanbichvietnam.net\/trangchu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}